Proverbschapter 31
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Original Language
Proverbs 31— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, which is the key every lexicon and concordance uses (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets name a word that does a grammatical job rather than carrying a meaning, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
King Lemuel's Mother: Open Thy Mouth for the Dumb1
1These are the words of King Lemuel—the burden that his mother taught him:
Rashi on Proverbs 31:1
The words of Lemuel the king The words of King Solomon, that he said for the Holy One, blessed be He, because he sinned against the Holy One, blessed be He. Lemuel for God, like (Job:4): “to (למו) my mouth.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
2What shall I say, O my son? What, O son of my womb? What, O son of my vows?
3Do not spend your strength on women or your vigor on those who ruin kings.
4It is not for kings, O Lemuel, it is not for kings to drink wine, or for rulers to crave strong drink,
5lest they drink and forget what is decreed, depriving all the oppressed of justice.
6Give strong drink to one who is perishing, and wine to the bitter in soul.
7Let him drink and forget his poverty, and remember his misery no more.
8Open your mouth for those with no voice, for the cause of all the dispossessed.
9Open your mouth, judge righteously, and defend the cause of the poor and needy.
A Worthy Woman: Her Price Is Far Above Rubies10
10A wife of noble character, who can find? She is far more precious than rubies.
11The heart of her husband trusts in her, and he lacks nothing of value.
Rashi on Proverbs 31:11
and he will lack no gain lit. no plunder, i.e., he will lack no good.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
12She brings him good and not harm all the days of her life.
13She selects wool and flax and works with eager hands.
14She is like the merchant ships, bringing her food from afar.
Rashi on Proverbs 31:31
[14] She is like the merchant ships The Torah brings those who study it blessing and sustenance.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
15She rises while it is still night to provide food for her household and portions for her maidservants.
16She appraises a field and buys it; from her earnings she plants a vineyard.
17She girds herself with strength and shows that her arms are strong.
18She sees that her gain is good, and her lamp is not extinguished at night.
19She stretches out her hands to the distaff and grasps the spindle with her fingers.
20She opens her arms to the poor and reaches out her hands to the needy.
21When it snows, she has no fear for her household, for they are all clothed in scarlet.
22She makes coverings for her bed; her clothing is fine linen and purple.
23Her husband is known at the city gate, where he sits among the elders of the land.
24She makes linen garments and sells them; she delivers sashes to the merchants.
25Strength and honor are her clothing, and she can laugh at the days to come.
26She opens her mouth with wisdom, and faithful instruction is on her tongue.
27She watches over the affairs of her household and does not eat the bread of idleness.
28Her children rise up and call her blessed; her husband praises her as well:
29“Many daughters have done noble things, but you surpass them all!”
30Charm is deceptive and beauty is fleeting, but a woman who fears the LORD is to be praised.
31Give her the fruit of her hands, and let her works praise her at the gates.