Psalms 31:11
in Psalms 31Among all my enemies I am a disgrace, and among my neighbors even more. I am dreaded by my friends— they flee when they see me on the street.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Because of all mine adversaries I am become a reproach, Yea, unto my neighbors exceedingly, And a fear to mine acquaintance: They that did see me without fled from me.
KJV
I was a reproach among all mine enemies, but especially among my neighbours, and a fear to mine acquaintance: they that did see me without fled from me.
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This verse in Psalms 31
Commentary
11 notes on this verseChrist the Lord, though innocent and undefiled, was being considered a disgrace among those who were desecrating themselves with wicked sin.… A disgrace indicates a terribly heinous act, what the evil Jews were convinced had been committed by our Lord Savior when they said: "This …
This site's exposition
I am dreaded by my friends
on Psalms 31:11-13
Isolation deepens by degrees, a disgrace to enemies, worse among neighbors, dreaded by friends who flee at the sight of him. Verse 12 adds a dead man out of mind and a clay pot past mending. Terror on every side becomes Jeremiah's own refrain at Jeremiah 20:10.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers1 voice
"I have been made a reproach above all mine enemies" [Psalm 31:11]. All the wicked are my enemies; and nevertheless they for their wickednesses are tortured only till they confess: I then have overpassed their reproach, I, whose confession death does not follow, but racking pains follow upon it. "And to my neighbours too much." This has seemed too much to them, who were already drawing near to know You, and to hold the faith that I hold. "And a fear to mine acquaintance." And into my very acquaintance I struck fear by the example of my dreadful tribulation. "They that did see me, fled without from me." Because they did not understand my inward and invisible hope, they fled from me into things outward and visible.
The Medieval Church1 voice
"Above." The prophet, assigning his exterior tribulation, has proposed sorrows against pleasures, poverty against riches; here he sets forth reproaches against the honors of the world. Concerning this he does three things. First, he proposes the confusion he suffers; second, he introduces a similitude: "I …
The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices
Thus he heard the slander of many; every one had a stone to throw at him, because fear was in every side; that is, they durst not do otherwise, for he that would not join with his neighbours to accuse David was looked upon as disaffected to Saul.
They saw how dearly Ahimelech the priest had paid for aiding and abetting him, though ignorantly; and therefore, though they could not but own he had a great deal of wrong done him, yet they had not the courage to appear for him. He was forgotten by them, as a dead man out of mind (
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens
I was a reproach among all mine enemies,....
4 more voices on this verse
The Nineteenth Century4 voices
I was a reproach among all mine enemies. They were pleased to have something to throw at me; my mournful estate was music to them, because they maliciously interpreted it to be a judgment from heaven upon me. Reproach is little thought of by those who are not called to endure it, but he who passes under its lash knows how deep it wounds. The best of men may have the bitterest foes, and be subject to the most cruel taunts. But especially among my neighbours. Those who are nearest can stab the sharpest.
I was a reproach among all mine enemies. They were pleased to have something to throw at me; my mournful estate was music to them, because they maliciously interpreted it to be a judgment from heaven upon me. Reproach is little thought of by those who are not called to endure it, but he who passes under its lash knows how deep it wounds. The best of men may have the bitterest foes, and be subject to the most cruel taunts. But especially among my neighbours. Those who are nearest can stab the sharpest. We feel most the slights of those who should have shown us sympathy. Perhaps David's friends feared to be identified with his declining fortunes, and therefore turned against him in order to win the mercy if not the favour of his opponents. Self interest rules the most of men: ties the most sacred are soon snapped by its influence, and actions of the utmost meanness are perpetrated without scruple. And a fear to mine acquaintance. The more intimate before, the more distant did they become. Our Lord was denied by Peter, betrayed by Judas, and forsaken by all in the hour of his utmost need. All the herd turn against a wounded deer. The milk of human kindness curdles when a despised believer is the victim of slanderous accusations. They that did see me without fled from me. Afraid to be seen in the company of a man so thoroughly despised, those who once courted his society hastened from him as though he had been infected with the plague. How villainous a thing is slander which can thus make an eminent saint, once the admiration of his people, to become the general butt, the universal aversion of mankind! To what extremities of dishonour may innocence be reduced!
I was a reproach - When proscribed at the court of Saul, my enemies triumphed, and loaded me with execrations; my neighbors considered me as a dangerous man, now deservedlJr driven from society; my acquaintance, who knew me best, were afraid to hold any communication with me; and they who saw me in my exile avoided me as if affected with a contagious disorder,
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
I was a reproach among all mine enemies - That is, he was subjected to their reproaches, or was calumniated and reviled by them. See the notes at Psa 22:6. But especially among my neighbors - I was reproached by none more than by my neighbors. They showed special distrust of me, and manifested special unkindness, even more than my enemies did. They turned away from me. They abandoned me. They would not associate with me. They regarded me as a disgrace to them, and forsook me. Compare Job 19:13-15, and the notes at that passage. And a fear to mine acquaintance - An object of dread or terror, so that they fled from me. They that did see me without - In the streets, or in public - out of my own house. Not only those in my own dwelling - the members of my family - regarded me in this manner, but passers in the streets - those whom I accidentally met - turned from me and fled in disgust and horror. It is not possible now to determine at what time in the life of the psalmist this occurred, or to ascertain the exact circumstances. There were, doubtless, times when with the saddest feelings he could say that all this was true of him. His troubles in the time of his persecutions by Saul, and still more probably his trials in the time when Absalom rebelled against him, and when he was driven away from his throne and his capital, would furnish an occasion when this would be true. If the latter was the occasion, then we can see how naturally he would connect all this with his “iniquity,” and regard it as the consequence of his sin in the matter of Uriah - a sin which would probably be always in his recollection, and which he would ever onward regard as lying at the foundation of all his afflictions.
How the passage was read
What the Jewish commentators add
and my bones have decayed Heb. עששו, an expression of decay, as though a moth (עש) had eaten them.
1 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
From all my tormentors From all my tormentors [not because of my tormentors]. I have become a reproach Heb. חרפה, a reproach.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 5 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.
The words behind it
12 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| מִכָּל־ | mikol | from all | H3605 → | 5413 times |
| צֹרְרַ֨י | tzorerai | opposers my | H6887 → | 54 times |
| הָיִ֪יתִי | hayiti | I have become | H1961 → | 3559 times |
| חֶרְפָּ֡ה | cherpah | a reproach | H2781 → | 73 times |
| וְלִשֲׁכֵנַ֨י׀ | velishakhenai | and to neighbors my | H7934 → | 20 times |
| מְאֹד֮ | meod | exceedingly | H3966 → | 300 times |
| וּפַ֪חַד | ufachad | and a dread | H6343 → | 49 times |
| לִֽמְיֻדָּ֫עָ֥י | limyudaai | to acquaintances my | H3045 → | 945 times |
| רֹאַ֥י | roai | [those who] see me | H7200 → | 1300 times |
| בַּח֑וּץ | bachutz | in the street | H2351 → | 164 times |
| נָדְד֥וּ | nadedu | they flee | H5074 → | 28 times |
| מִמֶּֽנִּי׃ | mimeni | from me | H4480 → | 1188 times |
מִכָּל־from all
mikolH3605 →5413 times
צֹרְרַ֨יopposers my
tzoreraiH6887 →54 times
הָיִ֪יתִיI have become
hayitiH1961 →3559 times
חֶרְפָּ֡הa reproach
cherpahH2781 →73 times
וְלִשֲׁכֵנַ֨י׀and to neighbors my
velishakhenaiH7934 →20 times
מְאֹד֮exceedingly
meodH3966 →300 times
וּפַ֪חַדand a dread
ufachadH6343 →49 times
לִֽמְיֻדָּ֫עָ֥יto acquaintances my
limyudaaiH3045 →945 times
רֹאַ֥י[those who] see me
roaiH7200 →1300 times
בַּח֑וּץin the street
bachutzH2351 →164 times
נָדְד֥וּthey flee
nadeduH5074 →28 times
מִמֶּֽנִּי׃from me
mimeniH4480 →1188 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Matthew 26:56But this has all happened so that the writings of the prophets would be fulfilled.” Then all the disciples deserted Him and fled.
it leads to
- Zechariah 13:7
Awake, O sword, against My Shepherd, against the man who is My Companion, declares the LORD of Hosts. Strike the Shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered, and I will turn My hand against…
- John 16:32
“Look, an hour is coming and has already come when you will be scattered, each to his own home, and you will leave Me all alone. Yet I am not alone, because the Father…
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Mark 14:50–52
Then everyone deserted Him and fled.
- 2 Timothy 4:16
At my first defense, no one stood with me, but everyone deserted me. May it not be charged against them.
- Matthew 26:31
Then Jesus said to them, “This very night you will all fall away on account of Me. For it is written: ‘I will strike the Shepherd, and the sheep of the flock will be…
- Zechariah 13:7
Through
Psalms 38:11My beloved and friends shun my disease, and my kinsmen stand at a distance.
it leads to
- Luke 23:49
But all those who knew Jesus, including the women who had followed Him from Galilee, stood at a distance watching these things.
- Job 19:13–17
He has removed my brothers from me; my acquaintances have abandoned me.
- Luke 23:49
Through
Psalms 88:18You have removed my beloved and my friend; darkness is my closest companion.
it leads to
- Psalms 88:8
You have removed my friends from me; You have made me repulsive to them; I am confined and cannot escape.
- Psalms 88:8
About Psalms

This page draws on 10 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Augustine of Hippo, Exposition on Psalm 31; Cassiodorus, EXPLANATION OF THE PSALMS 31:12; Charles Spurgeon, The Treasury of David; Charles Spurgeon, The Treasury of David, Vol. 2; Franz Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Psalms; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Thomas Aquinas, Exposition on the Psalms of David.
