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Genesis 11:9

in Genesis 11

That is why it is called Babel, for there the LORD confused the language of the whole world, and from that place the LORD scattered them over the face of all the earth.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

Therefore was the name of it called Babel; because Jehovah did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did Jehovah scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth.

KJV

Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the Lord did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did the Lord scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth.

This verse in Genesis 11

Commentary

15 notes on this verse

A commentator

Jerome

HOMILIES 21 · Written before 420.

Just as when holy men live together, it is a great grace and blessing; so, likewise, that congregation is the worst kind when sinners dwell together. The more sinners there are at one time, the worse they are. Indeed, when the tower was being built up against God, those who were building it were disbanded for their own welfare. The conspiracy was evil. The dispersion was of true benefit even to those who were dispersed.

This site's exposition

it is called Babel

The city that set out to make itself a name carries the name of its own judgment. Babel sounds like the Hebrew balal, to confuse. Matthew Henry sets Pentecost against this scene, where men out of every nation hear one message each in his own tongue.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers5 voices

A commentator

Josephus

Antiquities of the Jews - Book I, Chapter 4, Sections 1-3 · Written before 100.

proposed

1. Now the sons of Noah were three, - Shem, Japhet, and Ham, born one hundred years before the Deluge. These first of all descended from the mountains into the plains, and fixed their habitation there; and persuaded others who were greatly afraid of the …

A commentator

Ephrem the Syrian

COMMENTARY ON GENESIS 8.3.2-8.4.2 · Written before 373.

proposed

It is likely that they lost their common language when they received these new languages. For if their original language had not perished their first deed would not have come to nothing.

A commentator

John Chrysostom

HOMILIES ON GENESIS 30.7 · Written before 407.

proposed

There are many people even today who in imitation of them want to be remembered for such achievements, by building splendid homes, baths, porches and avenues. I mean, if you were to ask each of them why they toil and labor and lay out such great expense to no good purpose, you would hear nothing but these very words. They would be seeking to ensure that their memory survives in perpetuity and to have it said that "this is the house belonging to so-and-so," "this is the property of so-and-so." This, on the contrary, is worthy not of commemoration but of condemnation. For hard upon those words come other remarks equivalent to countless accusations—"belonging to so-and-so the grasping miser, despoiler of widows and orphans." So such behavior is calculated not to earn remembrance but to encounter unremitting accusations, achieve notoriety after death and incite the tongues of onlookers to calumny and condemnation of the person who acquired these goods. But if you are anxious for undying reputation, I will show you the way to succeed in being remembered for every achievement and also, along with an excellent name, to provide yourself with great confidence in the age to come. How then will you manage both to be remembered day after day and also become the recipient of tributes even after passing from one life to the next? If you give away these goods of yours into the hands of the poor, letting go of precious stones, magnificent homes, properties and baths.
AGAIN, whereas Moses wrote an account of the building of the tower, and how from one language men passed into the confusion of many dialects, the author just before mentioned, in his work entitled Of Assyrian History, bears the like testimony, speaking as follows: [ABYDENUS] 'But there are some who say that the men who first arose out of the earth, being puffed up by their strength and great stature, and proudly thinking that they were better than the gods, raised a huge tower, where Babylon now stands: and when they were already nearer to heaven, the winds came to the help of the gods, and overthrew their structure upon them, the ruins of which were called Babylon. And being up to that time of one tongue, they received from the gods a confused language; and afterwards war arose between Cronos and Titan. [JOSEPHUS] 'And the place in which they built the tower is now called Babylon, because of the confusion of what at first was clear in their language. For the Hebrews call confusion "Babel."

A commentator

Gregory of Nyssa

Answer to Eunomius' Second Book, Section 276 · Written before 395.

proposed

And if any one cites the confusion of tongues that took place at the building of the tower, as contradicting what I have said, not even there is God spoken of as creating men's languages, but as confounding the existing one, that all might not hear all. For when all lived together and were not as yet divided by various differences of race, the aggregate of men dwelt together with one language among them; but when by the Divine will it was decreed that all the earth should be replenished by mankind, then, their community of tongue being broken up, men were dispersed in various directions and adopted this and that form of speech and language, possessing a certain bond of union in similarity of tongue, not indeed disagreeing from others in their knowledge of things, but differing in the character of their names. For a stone or a stick does not seem one thing to one man and another to another, but the different peoples call them by different names. So that our position remains unshaken, that human language is the invention of the human mind or understanding. For from the beginning, as long as all men had the same language, we see from Holy Scripture that men received no teaching of God's words, nor, when men were separated into various differences of language, did a Divine enactment prescribe how each man should talk. But God, willing that men should speak different languages, gave human nature full liberty to formulate arbitrary sounds, so as to render their meaning more intelligible.
8 more voices on this verse

The Church Fathers2 voices

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

Contra Celsum, Book IV, Chapter 21 · Written before 253.

proposed

But I do not understand how he can imagine the overturning of the tower (of Babel) to have happened with a similar object to that of the deluge, which effected a purification of the earth, according to the accounts both of Jews and Christians. For, in order that the narrative contained in Genesis respecting the tower may be held to convey no secret meaning, but, as Celsus supposes, may be taken as true to the letter, the event does not on such a view appear to have taken place for the purpose of purifying the earth; unless, indeed, he imagines that the so-called confusion of tongues is such a purificatory process. But on this point, he who has the opportunity will treat more seasonably when his object is to show not only what is the meaning of the narrative in its historical connection, but what metaphorical meaning may be deduced from it. Seeing that he imagines, however, that Moses, who wrote the account of the tower, and the confusion of tongues, has perverted the story of the sons of Aloeus, and referred it to the tower, we must remark that I do not think any one prior to the time of Homer has mentioned the sons of Aloeus, while I am persuaded that what is related about the tower has been recorded by Moses as being much older not only than Homer, but even than the invention of letters among the Greeks. Who, then, are the perverters of each other's narratives? Whether do they who relate the story of the Aloadæ pervert the history of the time, or he who wrote the account of the tower and the confusion of tongues the story of the Aloadæ? Now to impartial hearers Moses appears to be more ancient than Homer.
And in the three and thirtieth jubilee, in the first year in the second week, Peleg took to himself a wife, whose name was Lomna the daughter of Sina'ar, and she bare him a son in the fourth year of this week, and he called …

The Medieval Church2 voices

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on Genesis (Hexaemeron) · Written before 735.

proposed

And so the Lord scattered them from that place over all the earth, and they ceased to build the city; and therefore it was called Babel, because there the language of the whole earth was confused.

A commentator

Sibylline Oracles

Sibylline Oracles Book III: 117-129 · Written before 700.

proposed

But when the threatenings of the mighty God Are fulfilled, which he threatened mortals once, When in Assyrian land they built a tower;-- 120 (And they all spoke one language, and resolved To mount aloft into the starry heaven; But on the air the Immortal …

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

(5.) We may here lament the loss of the universal use of the Hebrew tongue, which from this time was the vulgar language of the Hebrews only, and continued so till the captivity in Babylon, where, even among them, it was exchanged for the Syriac.
Therefore is the name of it called Babel,....

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

His country: Ur of the Chaldees. This was the land of his nativity, an idolatrous country, where even the children of Eber themselves had degenerated. Note, Those who are, through grace, heirs of the land of promise, ought to remember what was the land of their nativity, what was their corrupt and sinful state by nature, the rock out of which they were hewn.

The Nineteenth Century1 voice

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

Therefore is the name of it called Babel - בבל babel, from בל bal, to mingle, confound, destroy; hence Babel, from the mingling together and confounding of the projects and language of these descendants of Noah; and this confounding did not so much imply the producing new languages, as giving them a different method of pronouncing the same words, and leading them to affix different ideas to them. Besides Mr. Hutchinson’s opinion, (see on Gen 11:4 (note)), there have been various conjectures concerning the purpose for which this tower was built.

The words behind it

19 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • עַל־there-

    ʾal-H5921 →5755 times

  • כֵּ֞ן-fore

    kenH3651 →771 times

  • קָרָ֤אsomeone called

    kara'H7121 →733 times

  • שְׁמָהּ֙name its

    shemahH8034 →864 times

  • בָּבֶ֔לBabel

    bavelH894 →

  • כִּי־for

    ki-H3588 →4482 times

  • שָׁ֛םthere

    shamH8033 →834 times

  • בָּלַ֥לhe confused

    balalH1101 →

  • יְהוָ֖הYahweh

    yahwehH3068 →6520 times

  • שְׂפַ֣ת[the] language of

    sefatH8193 →176 times

  • כָּל־all

    kol-H3605 →5413 times

  • הָאָ֑רֶץthe earth

    haaretzH776 →2504 times

  • וּמִשָּׁם֙and from there

    umishamH8033 →834 times

  • הֱפִיצָ֣םhe scattered them

    hefitzamH6327 →67 times

  • יְהוָ֔הYahweh

    yahwehH3068 →6520 times

  • עַל־over

    ʾal-H5921 →5755 times

  • פְּנֵ֖י[the] surface of

    peneiH6440 →2123 times

  • כָּל־all

    kol-H3605 →5413 times

  • הָאָֽרֶץ׃ פthe earth

    haaretzH776 →2504 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Acts 17:26

    From one man He made every nation of men, that they should inhabit the whole earth; and He determined their appointed times and the boundaries of their lands.

    it leads to

    • Deuteronomy 32:7–8

      Remember the days of old; consider the years long past. Ask your father, and he will tell you, your elders, and they will inform you.

    • Genesis 3:20

      And Adam named his wife Eve, because she would be the mother of all the living.

    • Malachi 2:10

      Do we not all have one Father? Did not one God create us? Why then do we break faith with one another so as to profane the covenant of our fathers?

    • Romans 5:12–19

      Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, so also death was passed on to all men, because all sinned.

    • 1 Corinthians 15:22

      For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive.

  • Through

    Genesis 10:10

    His kingdom began in Babylon, Erech, Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.

    it leads to

    • Genesis 11:2

      And as people journeyed eastward, they found a plain in the land of Shinar and settled there.

  • Through

    1 Corinthians 14:23

    So if the whole church comes together and everyone speaks in tongues, and some who are uninstructed or some unbelievers come in, will they not say that you are out of your minds?

    it leads to

    • Acts 2:13

      But others mocked them and said, “They are drunk on new wine!”

  • Through

    Genesis 10:5

    From these, the maritime peoples separated into their territories, according to their languages, by clans within their nations.

    it leads to

    • Zephaniah 2:11

      The LORD will be terrifying to them when He starves all the gods of the earth. Then the nations of every shore will bow in worship to Him, each in its own place.

Where this verse is studied

About Genesis

This page draws on 14 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Bede, Commentary on Genesis (Hexaemeron); Book of Jubilees, Book of Jubilees Chapter 10, sections 18-27, Charles' 1913 translation; Ephrem the Syrian, COMMENTARY ON GENESIS 8.3.2-8.4.2; Eusebius of Caesarea, Preparation for the Gospel, BOOK IX, CHAPTER XIV; Gregory of Nyssa, Answer to Eunomius' Second Book, Section 276; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, HOMILIES 21; John Chrysostom, HOMILIES ON GENESIS 30.7; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews - Book I, Chapter 4, Sections 1-3; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, Contra Celsum, Book IV, Chapter 21 and Sibylline Oracles, Sibylline Oracles Book III: 117-129.