Acts 27:12
in Acts 27Since the harbor was unsuitable to winter in, the majority decided to sail on, if somehow they could reach Phoenix to winter there. Phoenix was a harbor in Crete facing both southwest and northwest.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And because the haven was not commodious to winter in, the more part advised to put to sea from thence, if by any means they could reach Phoenix, and winter there; which is a haven of Crete, looking north-east and south-east.
KJV
And because the haven was not commodious to winter in, the more part advised to depart thence also, if by any means they might attain to Phenice, and there to winter; which is an haven of Crete, and lieth toward the south west and north west.
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This verse in Acts 27
Commentary
8 notes on this verseMight attain to Phoenice - It appears that the Fair Havens were at the eastern end of the island, and they wished to reach Phoenice, which lay farther towards the west. Toward the south-west and north-west - Κατα λιβα και κατα χωρον. The libs certainly means the south-west, called libs, from Libya, from which it blows to. wards the Aegean Sea. The chorus, or caurus, means a north-west wind. Virgil mentions this, Geor. iii. ver. 3
This site's exposition
sailing was now dangerous
on Acts 27:9-12
Sailing was now dangerous, because the fast was now already past: Luke dates by the Day of Atonement, putting the voyage in October when ancient shipping closed for winter. Paul admonishes them plainly, hurt and much damage, not only of the lading and ship, but also of our lives, the prisoner offering his first counsel; the centurion believed the master and the owner more, and the bench declines to blame him for preferring professionals while noting how the chapter will grade the advice. Fair Havens being incommodious for wintering, the majority counsel is a short run to Phenice, a decision of comfort over caution, and the exposition lets the scene teach what it has always taught, that the majority and the experts can be wrong together.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers1 voice
A commentator
Ammonius of AlexandriaCATENA ON THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES 27.10 · Written before 300.
proposed
Since Paul was a prophet, he announced the danger, which would have threatened them on the ship. But he was not able to convince them to spend the winter in Crete, so that it was not fate that dragged them into danger but their will.
The Medieval Church1 voice
If by any means they might reach Phoenix to spend the winter, a port of Crete looking toward the southwest and northwest. The southwest wind, which in Greek is called λίψ, blows between the south and west, inclining; Corus, however, toward the north and west, …
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
And because the haven was not commodious to winter in,....
It was now a bad time for sailing; they had lost a deal of time while they were struggling with contrary winds. Sailing was now dangerous, because the fast was already past, that is, the famous yearly fast of the Jews, the day of atonement, which was on the tenth day of the seventh month, a day to afflict the soul with fasting; it was about the 20th of our September.
The Nineteenth Century1 voice
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
Phenice--"Phenix," now called Lutro. which lieth toward the southwest and northwest--If this means that it was open to the west, it would certainly not be good anchorage! It is thought therefore to mean that a wind from that quarter would lead into it, or that it lay in an easterly direction from such a wind [SMITH].
1 more voice on this verse
The Nineteenth Century1 voice
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
The haven - The fair havens, Act 27:8. Was not commodious to winter in - Not safe or convenient to remain there. Probably it furnished rather a safe anchorage ground in time of a storm than a convenient place for a permanent harbor. The more part - The greater part of the crew. To Phenice - In the original this is Phoenix - Φοῖνιξ Foinix. So it is written by Strabo. The name was probably derived from the palmtrees which were common in Crete. This was a port or harbor on the south side of Crete, and west of the fair havens. It was a more convenient harbor, and was regarded as more safe. It appears, therefore, that the majority of persons on board concurred with Paul in the belief that it was not advisable to attempt the navigation of the sea until the dangers of the winter had passed by. And lieth toward - Greek: looking toward; that is, it was open in that direction. The southwest - κατὰ λίβα kata liba. Toward Libya, or Africa. That country was situated southwest of the mouth of the harbor. The entrance of the harbor was in a southwest direction. And northwest - κατὰ χῶρον kata chōron. This word denotes “a wind blowing from the northwest.” The harbor was doubtless curved. Its entrance was in a southwest direction. It then turned so as to lie in a direction toward the northwest. It was thus rendered perfectly safe from the winds and heavy seas; and in that harbor they might pass the winter in security. It is sometimes called “Lutro.” Of this harbor Mr. Urquhart, in a letter to James Smith, Esq., whose work on this voyage of Paul has obtained so wide a reputation, says, “Lutro is an admirable harbor. You open it like a box; unexpectedly the rocks stand apart, and the town appears within ... We thought we had cut him off, and that we were driving him right upon the rocks. […]
How the passage was read
On Acts 27:9-12On Acts 27:9-12
“The Fast” on a sailor's calendar
“The Fast” here is the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), the great autumn fast of Leviticus 16, used by Luke exactly as a modern writer might say “after Thanksgiving”: as a date. Yom Kippur falls in late September or October, and in the ancient Mediterranean, open-sea sailing was reckoned dangerous from about that point until spring. Luke's note is a Jewish calendar doing secular work: the fast is past, therefore the sailing season is closing, therefore Paul's warning.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Sources: Leviticus 16:29 (the fast's date, the seventh month's tenth day) · The Day of Atonement (this site's study)
The words behind it
29 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ἀνευθέτου | aneuthetou | Unsuitable | G428 → | |
| δὲ | de | now | G1161 → | 2765 times |
| τοῦ | tou | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| λιμένος | limenos | harbor | G3040 → | 3 times |
| ὑπάρχοντος | huparchontos | being | G5225 → | 60 times |
| πρὸς | pros | to | G4314 → | 700 times |
| παραχειμασίαν | paracheimasian | winter in | G3915 → | |
| οἱ | hoi | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| πλείονες | pleiones | majority | G4119 → | 45 times |
| ἔθεντο | ethento | reached | G5087 → | 100 times |
| βουλὴν | boulen | a decision | G1012 → | 12 times |
| ἀναχθῆναι | anachthenai | to set sail | G321 → | 23 times |
| ἐκεῖθεν, | ekeithen | from there, | G1564 → | 37 times |
| εἴ | ei | if | G1487 → | 508 times |
| πως | pos | somehow | G4458 → | |
| δύναιντο | dunainto | they would be able | G1410 → | 207 times |
| καταντήσαντες | katantesantes | having arrived | G2658 → | 13 times |
| εἰς | eis | at | G1519 → | 1755 times |
| Φοίνικα | phoinika | Phoenix | G5405 → | |
| παραχειμάσαι | paracheimasai | to winter [there] — | G3914 → | |
| λιμένα | limena | a harbor | G3040 → | 3 times |
| τῆς | tes | <the> | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| Κρήτης | kretes | of Crete | G2914 → | 5 times |
| βλέποντα | bleponta | looking | G991 → | 132 times |
| κατὰ | kata | toward | G2596 → | 468 times |
| λίβα | liba | [the] southwest | G3047 → | |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| κατὰ | kata | toward | G2596 → | 468 times |
| χῶρον.¶ | choron | [the] northwest. | G5566 → |
ἈνευθέτουUnsuitable
aneuthetouG428 →
δὲnow
deG1161 →2765 times
τοῦthe
touG3588 →19766 times
λιμένοςharbor
limenosG3040 →3 times
ὑπάρχοντοςbeing
huparchontosG5225 →60 times
πρὸςto
prosG4314 →700 times
παραχειμασίανwinter in
paracheimasianG3915 →
οἱthe
hoiG3588 →19766 times
πλείονεςmajority
pleionesG4119 →45 times
ἔθεντοreached
ethentoG5087 →100 times
βουλὴνa decision
boulenG1012 →12 times
ἀναχθῆναιto set sail
anachthenaiG321 →23 times
ἐκεῖθεν,from there,
ekeithenG1564 →37 times
εἴif
eiG1487 →508 times
πωςsomehow
posG4458 →
δύναιντοthey would be able
dunaintoG1410 →207 times
καταντήσαντεςhaving arrived
katantesantesG2658 →13 times
εἰςat
eisG1519 →1755 times
ΦοίνικαPhoenix
phoinikaG5405 →
παραχειμάσαιto winter [there] —
paracheimasaiG3914 →
λιμέναa harbor
limenaG3040 →3 times
τῆς<the>
tesG3588 →19766 times
Κρήτηςof Crete
kretesG2914 →5 times
βλέπονταlooking
blepontaG991 →132 times
κατὰtoward
kataG2596 →468 times
λίβα[the] southwest
libaG3047 →
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
κατὰtoward
kataG2596 →468 times
χῶρον.¶[the] northwest.
choronG5566 →
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
1 stopEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Psalms 107:30They rejoiced in the silence, and He guided them to the harbor they desired.
it leads to
- John 6:21
Then they were willing to take Him into the boat, and at once the boat reached the shore where they were heading.
- John 6:21
Where this verse is studied
On this page
About Acts

Who and where
1 name in this verse with a page on the site.
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ammonius of Alexandria, CATENA ON THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES 27.10; Bede, Retractions on Acts; J. A. Alexander, The Acts of the Apostles Explained; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.
