1 Samuel 30:16
in 1 Samuel 30So he led David down, and there were the Amalekites spread out over all the land, eating, drinking, and celebrating the great amount of plunder they had taken from the land of the Philistines and the land of Judah.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad over all the ground, eating and drinking, and dancing, because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Judah.
KJV
And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad upon all the earth, eating and drinking, and dancing, because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Judah.
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This verse in 1 Samuel 30
Commentary
9 notes on this verseThe poor and the feeble, the blind and the lame, are called and come because the weak and the despised in this world are often quicker to hear the voice of God, as in this world they have nothing to delight them.The Egyptian servant of the Amalekites is a good example of this. When the Amalekites were plundering and moving about, he was left behind on the road sick and fainting from hunger and thirst.
This site's exposition
the south of the Cherethites
on 1 Samuel 30:14-16
The servant names the whole sweep of the raid, the Cherethite south, Judah's own coast, and Caleb's territory, before he leads David down to a camp spread abroad on all the earth, eating and drinking and dancing over spoil taken from two nations. An oath sworn to a foreign slave to save his own guide's plan, a picture the commentators read as ordinary shrewdness rather than any special virtue, though it serves David well.
This site's exposition
spread out over all the land
The plunder came from the land of the Philistines as well as Judah, so the raiders had struck David's hosts and his own people alike. Matthew Henry notes that their feasting left them open to surprise. The promise of verse 8 is about to be kept.
The record, by era
The Medieval Church1 voice
When he had led him, behold, they reclined, etc. Heretics recline on the face of the earth, eating and drinking; whether they read the obscure or the clear Scriptures (for this is the difference between eating and drinking), they always seek not the heavenly things …
The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices
In this posture David surprised them, which made the conquest of them, and the blow he gave them, the more easy to him and the more dismal to them. Then are sinners nearest to ruin when they cry, Peace and safety, and put the evil day far from them.
Justly did Providence make this poor servant, that was thus basely abused, instrumental towards the destruction of a whole army of Amalekites and his master among the rest; for God hears the cry of oppressed servants.
And when he had brought him down,....
The Nineteenth Century1 voice
Out of the land of the Philistines - That these Amalekites were enemies to the Philistines is evident, but it certainly does not follow from this that those whom David destroyed were enemies also. This, I think, has been too hastily assumed by Dr. Chandler and others, in order the better to vindicate the character of David.
1 more voice on this verse
The Nineteenth Century1 voice
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
The promise made in answer to the devout inquiries of David (1Sa 30:8) was fulfilled. The marauders were surprised and panic-stricken. A great slaughter ensued--the people as well as the booty taken from Ziklag was recovered, besides a great amount of spoil which they had collected in a wide, freebooting excursion.
How the passage was read
What the Jewish commentators add
On the verses either side of this one
Of the next day. The Amaleikites are accustomed to being defeated on the second day [of battle], as it is stated, "tomorrow I will stand…" 3 Shemos:9. Therefore, it states, "on the(ir) next day."
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 7 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.
The words behind it
19 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| וַיֹּ֣רִדֵ֔הוּ | vaiyoridehu | and he took down him | H3381 → | 381 times |
| וְהִנֵּ֥ה | vehineh | and there! | H2009 → | 843 times |
| נְטֻשִׁ֖ים | netushim | [they were] spread out | H5203 → | 40 times |
| עַל־ | ʾal- | over | H5921 → | 5755 times |
| פְּנֵ֣י | penei | [the] face of | H6440 → | 2123 times |
| כָל־ | khol- | all | H3605 → | 5413 times |
| הָאָ֑רֶץ | haaretz | the land | H776 → | 2504 times |
| אֹכְלִ֤ים | ʾokhelim | eating | H398 → | 810 times |
| וְשֹׁתִים֙ | veshotim | and drinking | H8354 → | 217 times |
| וְחֹ֣גְגִ֔ים | vechogegim | and celebrating | H2287 → | |
| בְּכֹל֙ | bekhol | in all | H3605 → | 5413 times |
| הַשָּׁלָ֣ל | hashalal | the plunder | H7998 → | 73 times |
| הַגָּד֔וֹל | hagadol | <the> great | H1419 → | 526 times |
| אֲשֶׁ֥ר | ʾasher | which | H834 → | 5497 times |
| לָקְח֛וּ | lakechu | they had taken | H3947 → | 966 times |
| מֵאֶ֥רֶץ | meeretz | from [the] land of | H776 → | 2504 times |
| פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים | pelishtim | [the] Philistines | H6430 → | 287 times |
| וּמֵאֶ֥רֶץ | umeeretz | and from [the] land of | H776 → | 2504 times |
| יְהוּדָֽה׃ | yehudah | Judah | H3063 → | 819 times |
וַיֹּ֣רִדֵ֔הוּand he took down him
vaiyoridehuH3381 →381 times
וְהִנֵּ֥הand there!
vehinehH2009 →843 times
נְטֻשִׁ֖ים[they were] spread out
netushimH5203 →40 times
עַל־over
ʾal-H5921 →5755 times
פְּנֵ֣י[the] face of
peneiH6440 →2123 times
כָל־all
khol-H3605 →5413 times
הָאָ֑רֶץthe land
haaretzH776 →2504 times
אֹכְלִ֤יםeating
ʾokhelimH398 →810 times
וְשֹׁתִים֙and drinking
veshotimH8354 →217 times
וְחֹ֣גְגִ֔יםand celebrating
vechogegimH2287 →
בְּכֹל֙in all
bekholH3605 →5413 times
הַשָּׁלָ֣לthe plunder
hashalalH7998 →73 times
הַגָּד֔וֹל<the> great
hagadolH1419 →526 times
אֲשֶׁ֥רwhich
ʾasherH834 →5497 times
לָקְח֛וּthey had taken
lakechuH3947 →966 times
מֵאֶ֥רֶץfrom [the] land of
meeretzH776 →2504 times
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים[the] Philistines
pelishtimH6430 →287 times
וּמֵאֶ֥רֶץand from [the] land of
umeeretzH776 →2504 times
יְהוּדָֽה׃Judah
yehudahH3063 →819 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
5 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
1 Samuel 30:14We raided the Negev of the Cherethites, the territory of Judah, and the Negev of Caleb, and we burned down Ziklag.”
it leads to
- 1 Kings 1:38
Then Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah son of Jehoiada, along with the Cherethites and Pelethites, went down and set Solomon on King David’s mule, and they escorted him to Gihon.
- 1 Kings 1:44
And with Solomon, the king has sent Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah son of Jehoiada, along with the Cherethites and Pelethites, and they have set him on the king’s mule.
- 2 Samuel 8:18
Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites; and David’s sons were priestly leaders.
- Ezekiel 25:16
therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: Behold, I will stretch out My hand against the Philistines, and I will cut off the Cherethites and destroy the remnant along the coast.
- Zephaniah 2:5
Woe to the dwellers of the seacoast, O nation of the Cherethites! The word of the LORD is against you, O Canaan, land of the Philistines: “I will destroy you, and no one will…
- 1 Kings 1:38
About 1 Samuel
Who and where
2 names in this verse with a page on the site.
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Old Testament; Bede, Commentary on Samuel; Gregory the Dialogist, Forty Gospel Homilies, Homily 36; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jamieson, Fausset and Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.