Jonahchapter 1
17 verses · BSBJonah book hub →
Original Language
Jonah 1— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, a widely used lookup this site follows (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets mark the Hebrew’s own grammatical elements that English renders as separate words, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
Go to Nineveh — and he paid the fare to Tarshish1
Jonah 1:1· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַֽיְהִי֙vayhiand it cameH1961דְּבַר־devar-[the] word ofH1697יְהוָ֔הyahwehYahwehH3068אֶל־ʾel-toH413יוֹנָ֥הyonahJonahH3124בֶן־ven-[the] son ofH1121אֲמִתַּ֖יʾamitaiAmittaiH573לֵאמֹֽר׃lemor<to> sayingH559
Radak on Jonah 1:1
..One may ask why this prophecy was included in Scripture. All of it concerns Nineveh, a gentile city. It does not mention Israel. There is no book like it among the Prophets. We might explain that it was written as an object lesson for Israel: Here is a gentile people, not Israelites, who readily repent. After the prophet reproves them once, they turn back from their wickedness in perfect repentance.
Read it in full at Sefaria · Sefaria Community Translation
Jonah 1:2· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
ק֠וּםkumariseH6965לֵ֧ךְlekhgoH1980אֶל־ʾel-toH413נִֽינְוֵ֛הninvehNinevehH5210הָעִ֥ירhairthe cityH5892הַגְּדוֹלָ֖הhagedolah<the> greatH1419וּקְרָ֣אukera'and call outH7121עָלֶ֑יהָʾaleihaon itH5921כִּֽי־ki-forH3588עָלְתָ֥הʾaltahit has come upH5927רָעָתָ֖םraatamwickedness theirH7451לְפָנָֽי׃lefanai<to> before meH6440
Jonah 1:3· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיָּ֤קָםvaiyakomand he aroseH6965יוֹנָה֙yonahJonahH3124לִבְרֹ֣חַlivroachto fleeH1272תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁהtarshishahTarshish towardsH8659מִלִּפְנֵ֖יmilifneifrom to beforeH6440יְהוָ֑הyahwehYahwehH3068וַיֵּ֨רֶדvaiyeredand he went downH3381יָפ֜וֹyafoJoppaH3305וַיִּמְצָ֥אvaiyimtza'and he foundH4672אָנִיָּ֣ה׀ʾaniyaha shipH591בָּאָ֣הbaah[which was] about to goH935תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁtarshishTarshishH8659וַיִּתֵּ֨ןvaiyitenand he gaveH5414שְׂכָרָ֜הּsekharahfare itsH7939וַיֵּ֤רֶדvaiyeredand he went downH3381בָּהּ֙bahin <the> itלָב֤וֹאlavo'to goH935עִמָּהֶם֙ʾimahemwith themH5973תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁהtarshishahTarshish towardsH8659מִלִּפְנֵ֖יmilifneifrom to beforeH6440יְהוָֽה׃yahwehYahwehH3068
A storm, a sleeping prophet, and lots that fall on him4
Jonah 1:4· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַֽיהוָ֗הvayahwehand YahwehH3068הֵטִ֤ילhetilhe threwH2904רֽוּחַ־ruach-a windH7307גְּדוֹלָה֙gedolahgreatH1419אֶל־ʾel-toH413הַיָּ֔םhaiyamthe seaH3220וַיְהִ֥יvayhiand it wasH1961סַֽעַר־saar-a stormH5591גָּד֖וֹלgadolgreatH1419בַּיָּ֑םbaiyamon the seaH3220וְהָ֣אֳנִיָּ֔הvehooniyahand the shipH591חִשְּׁבָ֖הchishevahit thoughtH2803לְהִשָּׁבֵֽר׃lehishaverto be brokenH7665
Jonah 1:5· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּֽירְא֣וּvaiyireuand they were afraidH3372הַמַּלָּחִ֗יםhamalachimthe sailorsH4419וַֽיִּזְעֲקוּ֮vaiyizakuand they cried for helpH2199אִ֣ישׁʾisheveryoneH376אֶל־ʾel-toH413אֱלֹהָיו֒ʾelohavgods hisH430וַיָּטִ֨לוּvaiyatiluand they threwH2904אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַכֵּלִ֜יםhakelimthe vesselsH3627אֲשֶׁ֤רʾasherwhichH834בָּֽאֳנִיָּה֙booniyah[were] in the shipH591אֶל־ʾel-intoH413הַיָּ֔םhaiyamthe seaH3220לְהָקֵ֖לlehakelto lightenH7043מֵֽעֲלֵיהֶ֑םmealeihemfrom on <the> themH5921וְיוֹנָ֗הveyonahand JonahH3124יָרַד֙yaradhe had gone downH3381אֶל־ʾel-intoH413יַרְכְּתֵ֣יyarketei[the] innermost parts ofH3411הַסְּפִינָ֔הhasefinahthe shipH5600וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖בvaiyishkavand he had lain downH7901וַיֵּרָדַֽם׃vaiyeradamand he had fallen fast asleepH7290
Jonah 1:6· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּקְרַ֤בvaiyikravand he drew nearH7126אֵלָיו֙ʾelavto himH413רַ֣בrav[the] chief ofH7227הַחֹבֵ֔לhachovelthe sailor[s]H2259וַיֹּ֥אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559ל֖וֹloto <the> himמַה־mah-what?H4100לְּךָ֣lekha[is] to <the> youנִרְדָּ֑םnirdamsleepingH7290ק֚וּםkumariseH6965קְרָ֣אkera'callH7121אֶל־ʾel-toH413אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָʾeloheikhagod yourH430אוּלַ֞יʾulaiperhapsH194יִתְעַשֵּׁ֧תyitashethe will give thoughtH6245הָאֱלֹהִ֛יםhaelohimthe godH430לָ֖נוּlanuto <the> usוְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808נֹאבֵֽד׃novedwe will perishH6
Jonah 1:7· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּאמְר֞וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559אִ֣ישׁʾisheachH376אֶל־ʾel-toH413רֵעֵ֗הוּreehuneighbor hisH7453לְכוּ֙lekhucomeH1980וְנַפִּ֣ילָהvenapilahso let us castH5307גֽוֹרָל֔וֹתgoralotlotsH1486וְנֵ֣דְעָ֔הvenedeahso we may knowH3045בְּשֶׁלְּמִ֛יbeshelemiby which of whom?H4310הָרָעָ֥הharaahthe evilH7451הַזֹּ֖אתhazot<the> thisH2063לָ֑נוּlanu[belongs] to <the> usוַיַּפִּ֙לוּ֙vaiyapiluand they castH5307גּֽוֹרָל֔וֹתgoralotlotsH1486וַיִּפֹּ֥לvaiyipoland it fellH5307הַגּוֹרָ֖לhagoralthe lotH1486עַל־ʾal-onH5921יוֹנָֽה׃yonahJonahH3124
Jonah 1:8· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּאמְר֣וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559אֵלָ֔יוʾelavto himH413הַגִּידָה־hagidah-tell !H5046נָּ֣אna'pleaseH4994לָ֔נוּlanuto <the> usבַּאֲשֶׁ֛רbaasherbecause <which>H834לְמִי־lemi-of whom?H4310הָרָעָ֥הharaahthe evilH7451הַזֹּ֖אתhazot<the> thisH2063לָ֑נוּlanu[belongs] to <the> usמַה־mah-what?H4100מְּלַאכְתְּךָ֙melakhtekha[is] occupation yourH4399וּמֵאַ֣יִןumeayinand from where?H370תָּב֔וֹאtavo'do you comeH935מָ֣הmahwhat?H4100אַרְצֶ֔ךָʾartzekha[is] land yourH776וְאֵֽי־veei-and where?H335מִזֶּ֥הmizehfrom thisH2088עַ֖םʾampeopleH5971אָֽתָּה׃ʾatah[are] youH859
Jonah 1:9· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559אֲלֵיהֶ֖םʾaleihemto themH413עִבְרִ֣יʾivri[am] a HebrewH5680אָנֹ֑כִיʾanokhiIH595וְאֶת־veetand <obj.>H853יְהוָ֞הyahwehYahwehH3068אֱלֹהֵ֤יʾelohei[the] God ofH430הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙hashamayimthe heavensH8064אֲנִ֣יʾaniIH589יָרֵ֔אyare'[am] fearingH3373אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whoH834עָשָׂ֥הʾasahhe madeH6213אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַיָּ֖םhaiyamthe seaH3220וְאֶת־veetand <obj.>H853הַיַּבָּשָֽׁה׃haiyabashahthe dry landH3004
Jonah 1:10· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּֽירְא֤וּvaiyireuand they fearedH3372הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙haanashimthe menH582יִרְאָ֣הyiraha fearH3374גְדוֹלָ֔הgedolahgreatH1419וַיֹּאמְר֥וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559אֵלָ֖יוʾelavto himH413מַה־mah-what?H4100זֹּ֣אתzotthisH2063עָשִׂ֑יתָʾasitahave you doneH6213כִּֽי־ki-forH3588יָדְע֣וּyadeuthey knewH3045הָאֲנָשִׁ֗יםhaanashimthe menH582כִּֽי־ki-thatH3588מִלִּפְנֵ֤יmilifneifrom to beforeH6440יְהוָה֙yahwehYahwehH3068ה֣וּאhu'heH1931בֹרֵ֔חַvoreach[was] fleeingH1272כִּ֥יkiforH3588הִגִּ֖ידhigidhe had toldH5046לָהֶֽם׃lahemto <the> them
Rashi on Jonah 1:10
“What is this that you have done?” —Why have you done this, to flee from before such a Ruler?
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
Thrown into the sea, and the sea grew calm11
Jonah 1:11· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּאמְר֤וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559אֵלָיו֙ʾelavto himH413מַה־mah-what?H4100נַּ֣עֲשֶׂהnaasehwill we doH6213לָּ֔ךְlakhto <the> youוְיִשְׁתֹּ֥קveyishtokso it may be calmH8367הַיָּ֖םhaiyamthe seaH3220מֵֽעָלֵ֑ינוּmealeinufrom on <the> usH5921כִּ֥יkiforH3588הַיָּ֖םhaiyamthe seaH3220הוֹלֵ֥ךְholekh[was] goingH1980וְסֹעֵֽר׃vesoerand stormingH5590
Jonah 1:12· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559אֲלֵיהֶ֗םʾaleihemto themH413שָׂא֙וּנִי֙saunipick up meH5375וַהֲטִילֻ֣נִיvahatiluniand throw meH2904אֶל־ʾel-intoH413הַיָּ֔םhaiyamthe seaH3220וְיִשְׁתֹּ֥קveyishtokso it may be calmH8367הַיָּ֖םhaiyamthe seaH3220מֵֽעֲלֵיכֶ֑םmealeikhemfrom on <the> youH5921כִּ֚יkiforH3588יוֹדֵ֣עַyodea'[am] knowingH3045אָ֔נִיʾaniIH589כִּ֣יkithatH3588בְשֶׁלִּ֔יvesheliby which to <the> meהַסַּ֧עַרhasaarthe stormH5591הַגָּד֛וֹלhagadol<the> greatH1419הַזֶּ֖הhazeh<the> thisH2088עֲלֵיכֶֽם׃ʾaleikhem[is] on youH5921
Jonah 1:13· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיַּחְתְּר֣וּvaiyachteruand they rowedH2864הָאֲנָשִׁ֗יםhaanashimthe menH582לְהָשִׁ֛יבlehashivto returnH7725אֶל־ʾel-toH413הַיַּבָּשָׁ֖הhaiyabashahthe dry landH3004וְלֹ֣אvelo'and notH3808יָכֹ֑לוּyakholuthey were ableH3201כִּ֣יkiforH3588הַיָּ֔םhaiyamthe seaH3220הוֹלֵ֥ךְholekh[was] goingH1980וְסֹעֵ֖רvesoerand stormingH5590עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ʾaleihemon themH5921
Jonah 1:14· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּקְרְא֨וּvaiyikreuand they called outH7121אֶל־ʾel-toH413יְהוָ֜הyahwehYahwehH3068וַיֹּאמְר֗וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559אָנָּ֤הʾanahwe beg youH577יְהוָה֙yahwehO YahwehH3068אַל־ʾal-do notH408נָ֣אna'pleaseH4994נֹאבְדָ֗הnovdahlet us perishH6בְּנֶ֙פֶשׁ֙benefeshby [the] life ofH5315הָאִ֣ישׁhaishthe manH376הַזֶּ֔הhazeh<the> thisH2088וְאַל־veal-and may notH408תִּתֵּ֥ןtitenyou putH5414עָלֵ֖ינוּʾaleinuon usH5921דָּ֣םdambloodH1818נָקִ֑יאnaki'innocentH5355כִּֽי־ki-forH3588אַתָּ֣הʾatahyouH859יְהוָ֔הyahwehO YahwehH3068כַּאֲשֶׁ֥רkaasherjust asH834חָפַ֖צְתָּchafatztayou pleasedH2654עָשִֽׂיתָ׃ʾasitayou have doneH6213
Rashi on Jonah 1:14
for the life of this man —I.e, for the sin of laying a hand upon his life.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
Jonah 1:15· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Jonah 1:16· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּֽירְא֧וּvaiyireuand they fearedH3372הָאֲנָשִׁ֛יםhaanashimthe menH582יִרְאָ֥הyiraha fearH3374גְדוֹלָ֖הgedolahgreatH1419אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853יְהוָ֑הyahwehYahwehH3068וַיִּֽזְבְּחוּ־vaiyizbechu-and they sacrificedH2076זֶ֙בַח֙zevacha sacrificeH2077לַֽיהוָ֔הlayahwehto YahwehH3068וַֽיִּדְּר֖וּvaiyideruand they vowedH5087נְדָרִֽים׃nedarimvowsH5088
A great fish prepared, and three days in its belly17
Jonah 1:17· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיְמַ֤ןvaymanand he appointedH4487יְהוָה֙yahwehYahwehH3068דָּ֣גdaga fishH1709גָּד֔וֹלgadolgreatH1419לִבְלֹ֖עַlivloa'to swallowH1104אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853יוֹנָ֑הyonahJonahH3124וַיְהִ֤יvayhiand he wasH1961יוֹנָה֙yonahJonahH3124בִּמְעֵ֣יbimeiin [the] inward parts ofH4578הַדָּ֔גhadagthe fishH1709שְׁלֹשָׁ֥הsheloshahthreeH7969יָמִ֖יםyamimdaysH3117וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֥הusheloshahand threeH7969לֵילֽוֹת׃leilotnightsH3915