Isaiah 63:1
in Isaiah 63Who is this coming from Edom, from Bozrah with crimson-stained garments? Who is this robed in splendor, marching in the greatness of His strength? “It is I, proclaiming vindication, mighty to save.”
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Who is this that cometh from Edom, with dyed garments from Bozrah? this that is glorious in his apparel, marching in the greatness of his strength? I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save.
KJV
Who is this that cometh from Edom, with dyed garments from Bozrah? this that is glorious in his apparel, travelling in the greatness of his strength? I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save.
⋯
This verse in Isaiah 63
Commentary
22 notes on this verse(Chapter 63, Verse 1) Who is this that comes from Edom, with dyed garments from Bozrah? This one is glorious in his apparel, marching in the greatness of his strength. (Chapter 70) Who is this that comes from Edom, with dyed garments from Bozrah? This one is beautiful in his attire, strong and mighty.
This site's exposition
Who is this coming from Edom
on Isaiah 63:1-2
The chapter opens as a watchman's dialogue, asking who comes “from Bozrah with crimson-stained garments”. Bozrah was the chief city of Edom, the nation descended from Esau and set against Zion in 34:5-6. The answer comes in the first person, “It is I, proclaiming vindication, mighty to save”.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
They call the red land "Edom," and "Bosor" to the flesh; they were amazed at the ineffable beauty of the one wrapped in earthly and fleshly apparel, such as to drive those who looked to love. The blessed David is mindful of this beauty: "Fair …
The only-begotten Word of God ascended in the heavens with his flesh united to him, and this was a new sight in the heavens. The multitude of holy angels was astounded seeing the king of glory and the Lord of hosts in a form similar to ours. And they said, "Who is this that comes from Edom [that is, from earth], in crimsoned garments, from Bosor." But "Bosor" is to be interpreted as "flesh" or "anguish and affliction."
The angels, too, were in doubt when Christ arose; the powers of heaven were in doubt when they saw that flesh was ascending into heaven. Then they said, "Who is this King of glory?" And yet some said, "Lift up your heads, O gates! And be lifted up, O ancient doors! That the King of glory may come in." In Isaiah, too, we find that the powers of heaven doubted.
He likewise, when mentioning the cup and making the New Testament to be sealed "in his blood," affirms the reality of Christ's body. For no blood can belong to a body that is not a body of flesh. If any sort of body were presented to our view, which is not one of flesh, not being fleshly, it would not possess blood. In order, however, that you might discover how anciently wine is used as a figure for blood, turn to Isaiah, who asks, "Who is this that comes from Edom, from Bosor with garments dyed in red, so glorious in his apparel, in the greatness of his might? Why are your garments red, and your clothing as his who comes from the treading of the full winepress?" The prophetic Spirit contemplates the Lord as if he were already on his way to his passion, clad in his fleshly nature; and as he was to suffer therein, he represents the bleeding condition of his flesh under the metaphor of garments dyed in red, as if reddened in the treading and crushing process of the winepress, from which the laborers descend reddened with the wine juice, like men stained in blood.
A commentator
JeromeHOMILIES ON THE PSALMS, ALTERNATE SERIES 69 (PSALM 91) · Written before 420.
proposed
Similarly, in Isaiah, "who is this that comes from Edom, in radiant garments?" Notice what the angels do; they proclaim his beauty but are silent about his essence.
15 more voices on this verse
The Church Fathers1 voice
For he appeared to the powers above not only in the form in which he came for us, that is, as a human, but also showing the signs of his passion. Thus, we say that after his resurrection from the dead the marks of the nails and the other things of his wounds were marked on the holy flesh.… So that the angels asking each other might say, "Who is this?" He considers and replies to them, "I speak justice and the judgment of salvation." He calls "justice" the divine and good news-bearing message or every just word that the Lord speaks. And the judgment of salvation refers to the judgment we receive. He indicated the world also to Satan, who was accusing it, and he saved those burdened by terrible greed. And he expelled the rebel and foreign usurper from among them, saying, "Now is the judgment of this world."
The Medieval Church3 voices
"Who is this that comes from Edom?" It seems that the prophet sees God under the aspect of a warrior who marches at the head of his people, and, after destroying the Edomites, has come back and arrives; and the prophet asks who is this …
1095. Who is this. Here he begins to treat the separation of the wicked from the good in the execution of the promised salvation. And this is divided into three parts: in the first, he introduces the judge, as though to distinguish between them; in …
A commentator
BonaventureCollations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 3 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
Isaiah asks: "Who is this that comes from Edom, in crimson garments, from Bosra? 'It is I who announce vindication, I who am mighty to save.'" For that reason, He is called Strong, and from Him come strong defenses. And so all the wars of …
The Puritans and the Awakening4 voices
Here is also an allusion to the garments of this conqueror, Edom signifying red, and Bozrah a vintage. Glorious - Such as generals march before their armies in. Righteousness - Here Christ gives an answer, wherein he both asserts his fidelity, that he will faithfully perform what he hath promised, and that he will truly execute justice.
(2.) Of the efficacy of his power, which is therein exerted: He is mighty to save, able to bring about the promised redemption, whatever difficulties and oppositions may lie in the way of it. 'Tis I who to my promise faithful stand, I, who the powers of death, hell, and the grave, Have foil'd with this all-conquering hand, I, who most ready am, and mighty too, to save.
Who is this that cometh from Edom, with dyed garments from Bozrah?....
God's people meeting him with their devotions, and addressing themselves to him with suitable affections; and this part of the chapter is carried on to the close of the next.
The Nineteenth Century7 voices
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
Who is this - The language of the people who see Yahweh returning as a triumphant conqueror from Idumea. Struck with his stately bearing as a warrior; with his gorgeous apparel; and with the blood on his raiment, they ask who he could be? This is a striking instance of the bold and abrupt manner of Isaiah.
THIS, of course, refers to our blessed Lord Jesus Christ, who is described as “coming from Edom with dyed garments from Bozrah,” and who, when it is questioned who he is, replies, “I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save.” It will be well, then, at the commencement of our discourse to make one or two remarks concerning the mysteriously complex person of the man and God whom we call our Redeemer, Jesus Christ our Saviour. It is one of the mysteries of the Christian religion, that we are taught to believe that Christ is God, and yet a man.
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
proposed
Who--the question of the prophet in prophetic vision. dyed--scarlet with blood (Isa 63:2, 3; Bozrah--(See on Isa 34:6). travelling--rather, stately; literally, "throwing back the head" [GESENIUS]. speak in righteousness--answer of Messiah. I, who have in faithfulness given a promise of deliverance, am now about to fulfil it.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens
THIS, of course, refers to our blessed Lord Jesus Christ, who is described as “coming from Edom with dyed garments from Bozrah,” and who, when it is questioned who he is, replies, “I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save.” It will be well, then, at the commencement of our discourse to make one or two remarks concerning the mysteriously complex person of the man and God whom we call our Redeemer, Jesus Christ our Saviour. It is one of the mysteries of the Christian religion, that we are taught to believe that Christ is God, and yet a man. According to Scripture, we hold that he is “very God,” equal and co-eternal with the Father, possessing, as his Father doth, all divine attributes in an infinite degree. He participated with his Father in all the acts of his divine might; he was concerned in the decree of election, in the fashioning of the covenant; in the creation of the angels, in the making of the world, when it was wheeled from nothing into space, and in the ordering of this fair frame of nature. Before any of these acts the divine Redeemer was the eternal Son of God. “From everlasting to everlasting he is God.” Nor did he cease to be God when he became man. He was equally “God over all, blessed for evermore,” when he was “the man of sorrows, acquainted with grief,” as before his incarnation. We have abundant proof of that in the constant affirmations of Scripture, and, indeed, also in the miracles which he wrought. The raising of the dead, the treading of the billows of the ocean, the hushing of the winds and the rending of the rocks, with all those marvellous acts of his, which we have not time here to mention, were strong and potent proofs that he was God, most truly God, even when he condescended to be man.
ISRAEL was often in great trouble, frequently oppressed by neighboring nations. It would not have been so if they had been faithful to Jehovah. But as a chastisement for their idolatry, they were given over into the hands of adversaries. One nation, near akin to them, was very jealous of them. The Edomites, the seed of Esau, were always watching against Israel and whenever the nation fell on evil times and powerful kingdoms invaded them, Edom was always in alliance with the enemy, ready to profit by Israel's sorrows.
ISRAEL was often in great trouble, frequently oppressed by neighboring nations. It would not have been so if they had been faithful to Jehovah. But as a chastisement for their idolatry, they were given over into the hands of adversaries. One nation, near akin to them, was very jealous of them. The Edomites, the seed of Esau, were always watching against Israel and whenever the nation fell on evil times and powerful kingdoms invaded them, Edom was always in alliance with the enemy, ready to profit by Israel's sorrows. Hence Edom was the typical adversary of Israel and is, in that manner, mentioned here with Bozrah, its capital city. The Lord God of Israel often interposed to rescue His people. I need not go over the history, but any one of these appearances for the overthrow of Israel's enemies may be represented in the language now before us in the commencement of the 63rd Chapter. God coming forth in the glory of His strength overthrows Israel's enemies and is seen in vision returning from their slaughter. I take the text as a representation of those marvelous victories which the Lord worked for His chosen people when He put forth His power on their behalf. The first verse represents the astonishment of the Prophet and of the people, as they beheld the Lord glorious in power, when He had vindicated the cause of His oppressed people and had crushed the power of their adversaries. As in God's immediate dealings with men we usually see the Son of God most manifest, this passage may fitly represent the glorious appearings of our Lord Jesus Christ whenever He has come forth to vindicate the cause of His people and to overthrow their enemies. This vision will be astoundingly fulfilled in the Second Coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. The 14th and 19th Chapters of the Book of Revelation give us parallel passages to this.
Who is this that cometh from Edom - Probably both Edom and Bozrah are only figurative expressions, to point out the place in which God should discomfit his enemies. Edom signifies red, and Bozrah, a vintage. Kimchi interprets the whole of the destruction of Rome. I that speak in righteousness “I who publish righteousness” - A MS. has המדבר hammedabber, with the demonstrative article added with greater force and emphasis: The announcer of righteousness. A MS. has צדקה tsedakah, without ב be prefixed; and so the Septuagint and Vulgate. And thirty-eight MSS. (seven ancient) of Dr. Kennicott’s, and many of De Rossi’s, and one of my own, add the conjunction ו vau to רב rab, and mighty; which the Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate confirm. - L.
How the passage was read
What the Jewish commentators add
Who hath spoken these things? He who shall bring the blow upon Persia, the mighty vengeance upon Bozrah, to execute vengeance of judgment of His people, as He hath sworn unto them by His Word. He hath said, Behold, I shall reveal myself as I have spoken in righteousness, great is my power to save.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 3 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.
The words behind it
18 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| מִי־ | mi- | who? | H4310 → | 423 times |
| זֶ֣ה׀ | zeh | this | H2088 → | 1180 times |
| בָּ֣א | ba' | [is] coming | H935 → | 2568 times |
| מֵאֱד֗וֹם | meedom | from Edom | H123 → | 99 times |
| חֲמ֤וּץ | chamutz | red of | H2556 → | |
| בְּגָדִים֙ | begadim | garments | H899 → | 217 times |
| מִבָּצְרָ֔ה | mibatzerah | from Bozrah | H1224 → | |
| זֶ֚ה | zeh | this one | H2088 → | 1180 times |
| הָד֣וּר | hadur | [is] adorned | H1921 → | |
| בִּלְבוּשׁ֔וֹ | bilvusho | in clothing his | H3830 → | 33 times |
| צֹעֶ֖ה | tzoeh | [is] stooping | H6808 → | |
| בְּרֹ֣ב | bero | in [the] greatness of | H7230 → | 149 times |
| כֹּח֑וֹ | kocho | strength his | H3581 → | 126 times |
| אֲנִ֛י | ʾani | I | H589 → | 874 times |
| מְדַבֵּ֥ר | medaber | [am] speaking | H1696 → | 1141 times |
| בִּצְדָקָ֖ה | bitzdakah | in righteousness | H6666 → | 157 times |
| רַ֥ב | rav | great | H7227 → | 454 times |
| לְהוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃ | lehoshia' | to save | H3467 → | 206 times |
מִי־who?
mi-H4310 →423 times
זֶ֣ה׀this
zehH2088 →1180 times
בָּ֣א[is] coming
ba'H935 →2568 times
מֵאֱד֗וֹםfrom Edom
meedomH123 →99 times
חֲמ֤וּץred of
chamutzH2556 →
בְּגָדִים֙garments
begadimH899 →217 times
מִבָּצְרָ֔הfrom Bozrah
mibatzerahH1224 →
זֶ֚הthis one
zehH2088 →1180 times
הָד֣וּר[is] adorned
hadurH1921 →
בִּלְבוּשׁ֔וֹin clothing his
bilvushoH3830 →33 times
צֹעֶ֖ה[is] stooping
tzoehH6808 →
בְּרֹ֣בin [the] greatness of
beroH7230 →149 times
כֹּח֑וֹstrength his
kochoH3581 →126 times
אֲנִ֛יI
ʾaniH589 →874 times
מְדַבֵּ֥ר[am] speaking
medaberH1696 →1141 times
בִּצְדָקָ֖הin righteousness
bitzdakahH6666 →157 times
רַ֥בgreat
ravH7227 →454 times
לְהוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃to save
lehoshia'H3467 →206 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Numbers 23:19God is not a man, that He should lie, or a son of man, that He should change His mind. Does He speak and not act? Does He promise and not fulfill?
it leads to
- 1 Samuel 15:29
Moreover, the Glory of Israel does not lie or change His mind, for He is not a man, that He should change His mind.”
- James 1:17
Every good and perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of the heavenly lights, with whom there is no change or shifting shadow.
- Malachi 3:6
“Because I, the LORD, do not change, you descendants of Jacob have not been destroyed.
- Hebrews 6:18
Thus by two unchangeable things in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled to take hold of the hope set before us may be strongly encouraged.
- Titus 1:2
in the hope of eternal life, which God, who cannot lie, promised before time began.
- 1 Samuel 15:29
Through
Revelation 19:13He is dressed in a robe dipped in blood, and His name is The Word of God.
it leads to
- John 1:1
In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
- Isaiah 63:1–6
Who is this coming from Edom, from Bozrah with crimson-stained garments? Who is this robed in splendor, marching in the greatness of His strength? “It is I, proclaiming vindication, mighty to save.”
- John 1:14
The Word became flesh and made His dwelling among us. We have seen His glory, the glory of the one and only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.
- John 1:1
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies3
On this verse
On this chapter
About Isaiah

Who and where
2 names in this verse with a page on the site.
This page draws on 20 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Isaiah; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrose of Milan, On the Mysteries 7:36; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 3; Charles Spurgeon, The New Park Street Pulpit, Sermon No. 111: “A Mighty Saviour” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 1947: “Who Is This?” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Cyril of Alexandria, LETTER 41:17; Cyril of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON ISAIAH 5:5.63:1-7; Franz Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Prophecies of Isaiah; Ishodad of Merv, COMMENTARY ON ISAIAH 63:1; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Isaiah; Jerome, HOMILIES ON THE PSALMS, ALTERNATE SERIES 69 (PSALM 91); John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Tertullian, AGAINST MARCION 4.40; Theodoret of Cyrus, COMMENTARY ON ISAIAH 19:63.1-6 and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Isaiah.
