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1 Samuel 23:19

in 1 Samuel 23

Then the Ziphites came up to Saul at Gibeah and said, “Is not David hiding among us in the strongholds at Horesh, on the hill of Hachilah south of Jeshimon?

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

Then came up the Ziphites to Saul to Gibeah, saying, Doth not David hide himself with us in the strongholds in the wood, in the hill of Hachilah, which is on the south of the desert?

KJV

Then came up the Ziphites to Saul to Gibeah, saying, Doth not David hide himself with us in strong holds in the wood, in the hill of Hachilah, which is on the south of Jeshimon?

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This verse in 1 Samuel 23

Commentary

5 notes on this verse

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

No wonder, then, that the Ziphites saw David and his men passing to and fro in the mountains of the wilderness. Spying him at a distance when he ventured to show himself on the hill of Hachilah, "on the right hand of the wilderness," that is, the south side of Ziph, they sent in haste to Saul, to tell him of the lurking place of his enemy [VAN DE VELDE].

This site's exposition

Doth not David hide himself with us

on 1 Samuel 23:19-21

The Ziphites are David's own tribesmen of Judah, and they volunteer his location to Saul unasked, before any threat or reward is offered; Matthew Henry contrasts them with Judas, who at least named a price. Psalm 54 carries a title naming this very report, though this database stores the Psalms without their Hebrew titles, so the link cannot be shown from the floor by query even though the title is canonical text in the Hebrew Bible. Saul's answer, blessed be ye of the Lord, puts the covenant name of God in the mouth of a king thanking men for betraying his own anointed, two verses after Jonathan strengthened that same anointed's hand in the same God.

The record, by era

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on Samuel · Written before 735.

proposed

But the Ziphites went up to Saul at Gibeah, etc. Often false brothers, abandoning the bud and flower of their virtues, ascend to the arrogant enemies of faith to help them against the Church and, detesting the simplicity of the faithful, in a way say …

The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice

Then came up the Ziphites to Saul to Gibeah,....

The Nineteenth Century1 voice

(Hachilah is thought by Conder to be the long ridge called El Kolah). For Jeshimon, see the margin and Num 21:20.

The words behind it

17 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיַּעֲל֤וּand they went up

    vaiyaaluH5927 →890 times

  • זִפִים֙Ziphites

    zifimH2130 →

  • אֶל־to

    ʾel-H413 →5510 times

  • שָׁא֔וּלSaul

    shaulH7586 →402 times

  • הַגִּבְעָ֖תָה<the> Gibeah towards

    hagivatahH1390 →45 times

  • לֵאמֹ֑ר<to> saying

    lemorH559 →5305 times

  • הֲל֣וֹא¿ not

    halo'H3808 →5168 times

  • דָ֠וִד[is] David

    davidH1732 →999 times

  • מִסְתַּתֵּ֨רhiding himself

    mistaterH5641 →80 times

  • עִמָּ֤נוּwith us

    ʾimanuH5973 →1050 times

  • בַמְּצָדוֹת֙in the strongholds

    vametzadotH4679 →11 times

  • בַּחֹ֔רְשָׁהat <the> Horesh

    bachoreshahH2793 →7 times

  • בְּגִבְעַת֙on [the] hill of

    begivatH1389 →68 times

  • הַֽחֲכִילָ֔ה<the> Hakilah

    hachakhilahH2444 →3 times

  • אֲשֶׁ֖רwhich

    ʾasherH834 →5497 times

  • מִימִ֥ין[is] from [the] south of

    miminH3225 →140 times

  • הַיְשִׁימֽוֹן׃<the> Jeshimon

    hayshimonH3452 →13 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

Related verses

13 in all, six open

The number beside each verse is how many compiled reference works tie it to this one. The strongest six stand open.

1 Samuel 26:1Then the Ziphites came to Saul at Gibeah and said, “Is not David hiding on the hill of Hachilah, opposite Jeshimon?”7 works1 Samuel 26:3Saul camped beside the road at the hill of Hachilah opposite Jeshimon, but David was living in the wilderness. When he realized that Saul had followed him there,4 worksPsalms 54:1–7Save me, O God, by Your name, and vindicate me by Your might!3 works1 Samuel 24:1After Saul had returned from pursuing the Philistines, he was told, “David is in the wilderness of En-gedi.”3 worksJoshua 15:24Ziph, Telem, Bealoth,3 works1 Samuel 22:7–8Then Saul said to his servants, “Listen, men of Benjamin! Is the son of Jesse giving all of you fields and vineyards and making you commanders of thousands or hundreds?2 works
The other 7 cross-references, with their words ▾
Proverbs 29:12If a ruler listens to lies, all his officials will be wicked.2 works1 Chronicles 2:42The sons of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel: Mesha his firstborn, who was the father of Ziph, and Mareshah his second son, who was the father of Hebron.2 works1 Samuel 30:29to those in Racal and in the cities of the Jerahmeelites and Kenites;2 works2 Chronicles 11:8Gath, Mareshah, Ziph,2 worksHebrews 11:38The world was not worthy of them. They wandered in deserts and mountains, and hid in caves and holes in the ground.2 works1 Samuel 13:6Seeing that they were in danger because their troops were hard-pressed, the men of Israel hid in caves and thickets, among the rocks, and in cellars and cisterns.2 works1 Samuel 19:19When Saul was told that David was at Naioth in Ramah,2 works

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Proverbs 29:12

    If a ruler listens to lies, all his officials will be wicked.

    it leads to

    • Proverbs 20:8

      A king who sits on a throne to judge sifts out all evil with his eyes.

    • Psalms 101:5–7

      Whoever slanders his neighbor in secret, I will put to silence; the one with haughty eyes and a proud heart, I will not endure.

    • 1 Samuel 22:8–23

      Is that why all of you have conspired against me? Not one of you told me that my own son had made a covenant with the son of Jesse. Not one of you has…

    • Psalms 52:2–4

      Your tongue devises destruction like a sharpened razor, O worker of deceit.

    • 2 Kings 10:6–7

      Then Jehu wrote them a second letter and said: “If you are on my side, and if you will obey me, then bring the heads of your master’s sons to me at Jezreel by…

  • Through

    1 Samuel 26:1

    Then the Ziphites came to Saul at Gibeah and said, “Is not David hiding on the hill of Hachilah, opposite Jeshimon?”

    it leads to

Where this verse is studied

About 1 Samuel

David Slays Goliath, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
David Slays Goliath, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
1 Samuel: the study guide →Read 1 Samuel 23 →

This page draws on Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Bede, Commentary on Samuel; Jamieson Fausset and Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament and John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763).

Read on in 1 Samuel 23 →