Zechariahchapter 14
21 verses · Zechariah · 520 to 518 BC · The Twelve
Key verse
And it shall come to pass, that every one that is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall even go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts, and to keep the feast of tabernacles.
It stands in All nations keep the feast, and even the pots are holy, verses 16 to 21.
The chapter
Chapter summary
The last chapter of the prophets' end-time map. Nations gather against Jerusalem, the city is taken and half go into captivity: 'then shall Jehovah go forth, and fight against those nations.' 'And his feet shall stand in that day upon the mount of Olives,' which splits east and west into a very great valley for the people to flee through, 'and Jehovah my God shall come, and all the holy ones with thee.' Neither day nor night, but at evening time there shall be light; living waters flowing east and west; 'and Jehovah shall be King over all the earth: in that day shall Jehovah be one, and his name one' (14:9). Even the bells of the horses will read HOLY UNTO JEHOVAH.
Context
Prophecy · Zechariah · Zechariah overview
The world behind this chapter
Zechariah 14The history
The chapter starts with the worst outcome stated plainly: the city taken, the houses looted, the women violated, half the city going into captivity. Zechariah does not skip to the good part.
Then the LORD goes out and fights, and His feet stand on the Mount of Olives, the ridge directly east of Jerusalem, across the Kidron valley, the hill you climb to look down on the temple. It splits east and west, making a valley to escape through.
The rest of the history, and what it meant to them
An earthquake is remembered here "like as ye fled from before the earthquake in the days of Uzziah king of Judah." That quake was famous enough to date events by; Amos opens his book by it, and archaeologists have found eighth-century destruction layers at several sites often connected with it. Zechariah's audience knew the reference.
Living waters go out from Jerusalem, half to the eastern sea (the Dead Sea) and half to the western (the Mediterranean), in summer and winter alike. Judah's streams were seasonal, many ran only in the rainy months, so a river that flows in summer was itself a small miracle.
The nations that survive come up year after year to keep the Feast of Tabernacles, the harvest festival of booths, and those who do not come get no rain.
The book's last image is domestic. "HOLINESS UNTO THE LORD", the exact words engraved on the gold plate on the high priest's turban, will be written on the bells of the horses, and every cooking pot in Jerusalem and Judah will be as holy as the bowls at the altar.
What it meant to them
For the first hearers, the ending said God's rescue arrives after the worst has already happened, not instead of it. That was the honest version, and the version their own history had trained them to expect.
The last picture was the sweetest one. The holiness that had been locked in one room, on one man's forehead, once a year, ends up on horse harness and kitchen pots. Nothing left common. That was the future promised to people who had just spent sixteen years unable to finish one building.
Sources cited
- Alfred Edersheim, The Temple: Its Ministry and Services (public domain)
- John Calvin, Commentaries on the Twelve Minor Prophets
Where the chapter sits
Zechariah 14 falls in Two burdens (chapters 9–14). ‘Thy King cometh … riding upon an ass’ (9:9); the thirty pieces of silver (11); ‘they shall look upon me whom they have pierced’ (12:10); ‘one LORD, and his name one’ (14:9).
The day of the LORD. The Mount of Olives split; ‘the LORD shall be king over all the earth.’
Before it: Fasts and future, chapters 7–8.
The whole shape of Zechariah→The structure of this chapter
The heads below are this chapter's scenes. The numbered points under each are its verses.
A. His feet on the Mount of Olives, and the mountain splits
1. (vv. 1-2)
Zechariah 14:1
“Behold the Day of the Lord cometh - Literally, “a day cometh, the Lord’s,” in which He Himself shall be Judge, and no longer leave man to fulfill his own will, and despise God’s; in which His glory and holiness and the righteousness of all His ways shall be revealed. And thy spoil shall be in the midst of thee - Jerome: “How great will the strait be, that the spoils should be divided in the midst of her.”
Zechariah 14:2
“I will gather all nations - The Romans, whose armies were composed of all the nations of the world. In this verse there is a pitiful account given of the horrible outrages which should be committed during the siege of Jerusalem, and at its capture. The residue of the people shad not be cut off - Many were preserved for slaves, and for exhibition in the provincial theatres.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
2 more voices on this verse
Zechariah 14:2
“He presently changes his way, and appears for Jerusalem; for, though judgment begin at the house of God, yet, as it shall not end there, so it shall not make a full end there, Jer. iv.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Zechariah 14:2
“But difficulties do not set aside revelations: the event will clear up seeming difficulties. Compare the complicated movements, Da 11:1-45. half . . . the residue--In Zec 13:8, 9, it is "two-thirds" that perish, and "the third" escapes. There, however, it is "in all the land"; here it is "half of the city." Two-thirds of the "whole people" perish, one-third survives.”
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown· Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)reformed
the day of the Lord cometh: The chapter opens on the day of the Lord itself, and it opens badly for Jerusalem: her own spoil divided in the midst of her, the nations gathered to battle, the city taken, houses rifled, women ravished, half the city marched into captivity. The last clause holds the turn inside the disaster, for the residue of the people shall not be cut off from the city, a remnant kept alive inside the very catastrophe that seems to swallow the whole. The readings on the timing and referent of this day are named with their holders and carried no further, per the parking order that governs the whole close of the book.
2. (vv. 3-5)
Zechariah 14:3
“And every former day of battle, which God has made to his people a day of triumph, as it is an engagement to God to appear for his people, because he is the same, so it is an encouragement to them to trust in him.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Zechariah 14:4
“But it might happen that he should sit upon a foal; give us rather a sign where the king who enters will stand. Give us a sign not far from the city, that it may not be unknown to us; give us a sign nearby and clearly visible, that being in the city we may behold the place. Again the prophet answers, saying, "That day his feet shall rest upon the Mount of Olives, which is opposite Jerusalem to the east." Is it possible for anyone standing within the city not to behold the place?”
Cyril of Jerusalem· written before 386· Catechetical Lecture 12:11patristic
2 more voices on this verse
Zechariah 14:4
“And his feet shall stand - He shall appear in full possession of the place, as a mighty conqueror. And the mount of Olives shall cleave - God shall display his miraculous power as fully in the final restoration of the Jews, as he did when he divided the Red Sea that their forefathers might pass through dry-shod. Some refer this to the destruction of the city by the Romans. It was on the mount of Olives that Titus posted his army to batter Jerusalem. Here the tenth legion that came to him from Jericho was placed. Joseph.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
Zechariah 14:4
“He shall probably "come from the east" (Mt 24:27). He so made His triumphal entry into the city from the Mount of Olives from the east (Mt 21:1-10). This was the scene of His agony: so it shall be the scene of His glory.”
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown· Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)reformed
Zechariah 14:5
“And ye shall flee to the valley of the mountains - Rather, along the valley of My mountains namely, of those mountains, which God had just formed by dividing the mount of Olives. “For the valley of the mountains shall reach unto Azal, that is, Azel,” the same word which enters into Beth-Azel of Micah, where the allusion probably is to its firm-rootedness. It is more probable that the name of a place should have been chosen with an allusive meaning, as in Micah, than that an unusual appellative should have been chosen to express a very common meaning.”
2 more voices on this verse
Zechariah 14:5
“The valley of the mountains - A place provided of God for their safety. O Lord my God - As if it were said, though it will, O Lord, put us into fear; yet without such wonderful works we shall not see thy salvation; therefore, O Lord my God come, and bring thy holy ones with thee.”
John Wesley· Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)evangelical
Zechariah 14:5
Yet learn that the Son knows the day of judgment. We read in Zechariah: "And the Lord my God shall come, and all the saints with him. In that day there shall not be light but cold and frost, and it shall be one day, and that day is known to the Lord." This day, then, was known unto the Lord, who shall come with his saints to enlighten us by his second advent. But let us continue the point that we have commenced concerning the Spirit: "He shall glorify me."
Ambrose of Milan· written before 397· On the Holy Spirit 2.11.119-20patristic
in the day of battle: Then the Lord himself goes forth to fight, as when he fought in the day of battle, and his feet stand that day upon the mount of Olives, which cleaves in two, a great valley opening where the people flee as their fathers fled the earthquake in the days of Uzziah (the same earthquake Amos dates his own book by, Amos 1:1). The chapter reads the Lord my God shall come, and all the saints with thee, a wording the bench discusses against the ancient versions' with him, without resolving it past naming the variant. The site reads the day literally, a still-future day answered at Christ's bodily return, the reading that runs broadly across the premillennial and dispensational writers and that the early church itself received; the amillennial handling, which dissolves the mountain-splitting into a figure, has to set aside the passage's own geography to do it, and the note says so plainly.
B. Living waters, and one LORD over all the earth
1. (vv. 6-7)
Zechariah 14:6
“The light shall not be clear, nor dark - Metaphorically, there will be a mixture of justice and mercy in all this; or a bright light and darkness. Mercy shall triumph over judgment. There shall be darkness - distress, etc.; but there shall be more light - joy and prosperity - than darkness.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
Zechariah 14:7
“And in another place: "And I was reckoned with the transgressors." Then there was darkness for three hours, from the sixth to the ninth, and again light in the evening; as it is written: "It shall not be day or night, and at the evening there shall be light." All [these] things, when those malefactors saw that they were crucified with him, the one of them reproached him as though he was weak and unable to deliver himself.”
Apostolic Constitutions· written before 380· CONSTITUTIONS OF THE HOLY APOSTLES 5:3.14patristic
1 more voice on this verse
Zechariah 14:7
“One day - One continued day, no setting of the sun to make it quite night: God will always act in order to the full salvation of his spiritual Jerusalem.”
John Wesley· Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)evangelical
that the light shall not be clear, nor dark: The day defies ordinary description, not clear nor dark, not day nor night, known only to the Lord, until at evening time it shall be light, the natural order of failing daylight reversed. The commentators read the language as continuous divine light overtaking the created rhythm of day and night rather than a riddle to be solved by astronomy. The bench sets it beside the city that needs no sun in the last chapters of Revelation as the same picture carried further, an echo named rather than a citation claimed.
2. (v. 8)
Zechariah 14:8
“Living waters shall go out - There shall be a wide diffusion of Divine knowledge, and of the plan of human salvation, which shall go out by apostles and preachers, first from Jerusalem, then to Syria, Asia Minor, Greece, Italy, the isles of the sea, Britain, etc. The former sea, and - the hinder sea - The Dead Sea and the Mediterranean; see on Joe 2:20 (note). These are metaphors. In summer - In time of drought; or in the countries where there was no knowledge of God, there shall these waters flow.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
1 more voice on this verse
Zechariah 14:8
“In that day - When the days of ignorance, and idolatry shall end. Living waters - The quickening, saving truths of the gospel, with all its ordinances in purity. From Jerusalem - The church of Christ, the true Jerusalem.”
John Wesley· Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)evangelical
living waters shall go out from Jerusalem: Living waters go out from Jerusalem in both directions at once, half toward the former sea and half toward the hinder sea, flowing without failure in summer and in winter alike. The bench sets the verse beside Ezekiel's river out of the temple threshold (Ezek 47:1-12) as the same image of life flowing from the Lord's own dwelling, one prophet's picture extending another's. The river of water of life in the last chapter of Revelation is named as the picture's furthest point, an echo the notes mark without claiming the later text quotes this one.
3. (v. 9)
Zechariah 14:9
“He is, and ever was, so of right, and in the sovereign disposals of his providence his kingdom does rule over all and none are exempt from his jurisdiction; but it is here promised that he shall be so by actual possession of the hearts of his subjects; he shall be acknowledged King by all in all places; his authority shall be owned and submitted to, and allegiance sworn to him.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
the Lord shall be king over all the earth: The verse the whole night-vision book has been building toward: the Lord shall be king over all the earth, in that day shall there be one Lord, and his name one. The bench hears the Shema's confession, the Lord is one, brought to its final and universal scope rather than Israel's alone. The timing of that reign, present in substance now or awaiting a future and visible enthronement, takes the readings named under the parking order and no verdict is stamped on the reader.
4. (vv. 10-11)
Zechariah 14:10
“All the land shall be turned as a plain - Or rather, “He shall encompass the whole land as a plain.” He shall cast his defence all around it; from Geba, in Benjamin, north of Jerusalem, (Jos 21:17), to Rimmon in Judah, to the south of Jerusalem, Jos 15:32. It shall be lifted up - The city shall be exalted. And inhabited in her place - Jerusalem, shall be rebuilt In the very place in which it originally stood.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
2 more voices on this verse
Zechariah 14:10
“Some think this denotes particular favour to the people of the Jews, and points at their conversion and restoration in the latter days; but it is rather to be understood figuratively of the gospel-church, typified by Judah and Jerusalem, and it signifies the abundant graces with which the church shall be crowned, and the fruitfulness of its members, and the vast numbers of them.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Zechariah 14:10
“The same as Ephraim's gate, the north boundary of the city (2Ki 14:13). the first gate--west of the city [GROTIUS]. "The place of," &c. implies that the gate itself was then not in existence.”
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown· Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)reformed
Zechariah 14:11
“And they shall dwell in it - In peace, going forth from it, neither into “captivity,” nor in flight Zec 14:2, Zec 14:5; for God should exempt from curse the city which He had chosen, against which the gates of hell shall not prevail, and He says of the heavenly Jerusalem, “there shall be no more curse” Rev 22:3.”
turned as a plain: The land around Jerusalem is turned as a plain, leveled from Geba in the north to Rimmon in the south, while the city itself is lifted up and inhabited in her place, the whole surrounding country rearranged to set Jerusalem highest. The named landmarks, the tower of Hananeel and the corner gate among them, are the same pair Jeremiah's own restoration promise names for the city's rebuilding (Jer 31:38), a textual link the bench draws between the two prophets' pictures of the same site restored. The chapter's promise closes the geography on a plain sentence: Jerusalem shall be safely inhabited, and there shall be no more utter destruction.
C. A plague on everyone who fought against Jerusalemvv. 12-15
consume away while they stand upon their feet: The plague on the nations that fought Jerusalem is described at the body's own ruin, flesh, eyes, and tongue consuming away while the man still stands on his feet, a judgment the earlier verses do not explain further. The great tumult that follows, every man's hand rising against his neighbour, is read by the bench beside Gideon's rout of Midian, where the Lord set every man's sword against his fellow throughout the host (Judg 7:22), the same confusion turned against an enemy camp rather than Israel's own. Judah still fights at Jerusalem even inside a battle the Lord himself wins, wealth and beasts of the nations gathered in one sweeping plague that spares nothing that came up against the city.
Zechariah 14:12
“The organs of speech, the outlets of sin, their tongue, shall consume away in their mouth, whereby God will reckon with them for all their blasphemies against himself and invectives against his people. Thus their own tongues shall fall upon them, and their punishment shall be legible in their sin, as his was whose tongue was tormented in hell-flames.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
1 more voice on this verse
Zechariah 14:12
“And this shall be the plague - All her enemies shall be destroyed. Their flesh shall consume away - These are the effects of famine which are described in this verse.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
Zechariah 14:13
“A great tumult - And panic fear, such as God said He would send upon the Canaanites before Israel Deu 7:23, or on Israel itself, if disobedient Deu 28:20; or which fell on the Philistines after Jonathan’s capture of the garrison at Michmash, when every man’s “sword was against his fellow” .”
1 more voice on this verse
Zechariah 14:13
“As they are the sin of those that raise them they are not from the Lord, but from the wicked one, and from men's own lusts; but, as they are the punishment of those that suffer by them, they are from the Lord, who serves his own purposes, and carries on his intentions, by the sins, and follies, and restless spirits, of men.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Zechariah 14:15
“And so shall be the plague of the horse, of the mule, of the camel, and of the ass,.... The flesh of the horse is said to be eaten, Rev 19:18, and of all the beasts that shall be in these tents, as this plague, their beasts shall perish in like manner as themselves.”
1 more voice on this verse
Zechariah 14:15
“And so shall be the plague of the Lord ... - Dionysius: “So, when God sendeth the plague, all the irrational animals of antichrist and his satellites shall perish as the aforesaid men, who used them, perished. For, for the sins of men, God, to their greater confusion, sometimes slays their beasts, sometimes also for their loving correction.” “The imagery is from the Mosaic law of the ban.”
D. All nations keep the feast, and even the pots are holy
1. (vv. 16-19)
Zechariah 14:16
“That is left - That escapes the stroke. To worship - By a ceremonial usage which shadowed out a better worship, the prophet foretells the constant zeal of the converted Gentiles to worship the Lord. The feast of tabernacles - One solemn festival is by a figure, put for all the days consecrated to God for holy worship.”
John Wesley· Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)evangelical
2 more voices on this verse
Zechariah 14:16
“Shall even go up from year to year - The Jews had three grand original festivals, which characterized different epochs in their history, viz.: - 1. The feast of the passover, in commemoration of their departure from Egypt. 2. The feast of pentecost, in commemoration of the giving of the law upon Mount Sinai. 3. The feast of tabernacles, in commemoration of their wandering forty years in the wilderness.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
Zechariah 14:16
“They shall go up to worship at Jerusalem, because that was the place which God had chosen, and there the temple was, which was a type of Christ and his mediation. Converting grace sets us right, 1.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Zechariah 14:17
“Whoso will not go up - Cyril: “To those who ‘go not up,’” he threatens the same punishment as persecutors would endure. For enemies, and they who will not love, shall have the same lot. This is, I think, what Christ Himself said, ‘Whoso is not with Me is against Me, and whoso gathereth not with Me scattereth’ Luk 11:23.” Upon them there shall be no rain - Rain was the most essential of God’s temporal gifts for the temporal well-being of His people.”
1 more voice on this verse
Zechariah 14:17
“God will command the clouds that they rain no rain upon them. Note, It is a righteous thing with God to withhold the blessings of grace from those that do not attend the means of grace, to deny the green pastures to those that attend not the shepherd's tents.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Zechariah 14:18
“This shall be the punishment --margin, This shall be the sin of Egypt, and the sin of all nations, that come not up to keep the feast of tabernacles. The same word signifies both sin and the punishment of sin, so close and inseparable is the connexion between them (as Gen. iv. 7 ), and sin is often its own punishment.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
2 more voices on this verse
Zechariah 14:18
“If the family of Egypt - This may allude to those Jews who, flying from the persecution of Antiochus Epiphanes, settled in Egypt, and built a temple at Heliopolis, under the direction of Onias, son of the high priest. Josephus Antiq. lib. xiii., c. 6, and War, lib. vii., c. 36. If these do not rejoin their brethren, they shall have no rain, no interest in the favor of God.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
Zechariah 14:18
“Egypt go not up--specified as Israel's ancient foe. If Egypt go not up, and so there be no rain on them (a judgment which Egypt would condemn, as depending on the Nile's overflow, not on rain), there shall be the plague . . . . Because the guilty are not affected by one judgment, let them not think to escape, for God has other judgments which shall plague them.”
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown· Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)reformed
Zechariah 14:19
“This shall be the punishment of Egypt,.... Or "sin" (d), as in the original text: rightly is the word rendered "punishment", as it is by the Targum: and the punishment of all nations that come not up to keep the feast of tabernacles; which will be one and the same; they shall have no rain, or what answers to it; they shall all have a famine; or it will be different, Egypt shall be punished with a consumption of their flesh, and the other nations with want of rain: the former sense seems best. (d) חטאת "peccatum", V. L.”
1 more voice on this verse
Zechariah 14:19
“This shall be the sin of Egypt and the sin of all nations that come not up to keep the feast of tabernacles - For before the coming of the Saviour, good perhaps had been in part the excuse of the pagan, that they had been called by none. For no one had preached unto them.”
shall even go up from year to year: The survivors of the nations that came against Jerusalem are not destroyed outright but drawn in, going up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts, and to keep the feast of tabernacles, the harvest feast of ingathering turned into the picture of the nations gathered to God. The penalty for staying away is agricultural, no rain, and Egypt is named by exception since her fields answer to the Nile rather than to rain, yet she too is struck with the same plague if she withholds herself. The bench names the readings, a future and literal worship at a rebuilt temple on the one hand and a figurative picture of universal worship on the other, and the parking order keeps the note from mapping either onto any present nation.
2. (vv. 20-21)
Zechariah 14:20
“Shall there be - Written as it were on every common thing. Holiness unto the Lord - Their persons shall bear the dedicating inscription of holiness to the Lord, and by their study of holiness they shall make good their motto. The pots - Which were used in the kitchens of the temple, and were not accounted so sacred as the utensils near the sacrifices, and altar.”
John Wesley· Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)evangelical
2 more voices on this verse
Zechariah 14:20
“Upon the bells of the horses - They appear, formerly, to have had bells on horses, camels, etc., as we have now, to amuse the animals, and encourage them in their work. In some very fine Asiatic paintings now before me, I see bells both on horses, mules, and camels; little bells tied to their legs, and larger ones about their necks, particularly in the representation of a caravan passing through the valley of serpents, in the island of Serendib, now Ceylon. The margin reads bridles.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
Zechariah 14:20
“Real holiness shall be more diffused than it had been, because there shall be more powerful means of sanctification, more excellent rules, more cogent arguments, and brighter patterns of holiness, and because there shall be a more plentiful effusion of the Spirit of holiness and sanctification, after Christ's ascension than ever before.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Zechariah 14:21
“And every pot in Jerusalem and in Judah shall be holiness to the Lord - Everything is to be advanced in holiness. All the common utensils everywhere in the people of God shall not only be holy, but “holiness,” and capable of the same use as the vessels of the temple. And there shall be no more the Canaanite in the house of the Lord of hosts - The actual Canaanite had long since ceased to be; the Gibeonites, the last remnant of them, had been absorbed among the people of God.”
2 more voices on this verse
Zechariah 14:21
“That sacrifice - So the prophet expresses all religious affections, practice, and worship, which shall be as pleasing to God, as were the sacrifices of his people offered up with divine warrant and approbation. Seethe therein - That part of the sacrifice which pertaineth to the priests, and to the offerer to feast on.”
John Wesley· Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)evangelical
Zechariah 14:21
“MAURER not so well translates "merchant" here, as in Pr 31:24. If a man would have the beginnings of heaven, it must be by absolute consecration of everything to God on earth. Let his life be a liturgy, a holy service of acted worship [MOORE].”
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown· Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)reformed
HOLINESS UNTO THE LORD: The last word of the book moves holiness from the high priest's forehead to a horse's bridle: HOLINESS UNTO THE LORD, the very phrase engraved on Aaron's gold plate at Exodus 28:36, now stamped on the bells of ordinary horses, and every pot in Jerusalem counted as holy as the bowls before the altar. The bench reads the picture as consecration spread outward from the sanctuary until the whole city carries what only the priesthood once carried. The book's last clause, no more the Canaanite in the house of the Lord, is read two ways by the commentators, the ancient enemy nation excluded at last, or the trader and merchant sense the same word carries elsewhere (Prov 31:24, Job 41:6), and both readings are named without a verdict.
This page carries no textual note on Zechariah 14. Where this site has examined a place the manuscripts differ, the examination is in the manuscripts room. Every place this site examines →
Keep studying
On this page
Studies8
Words12
Subjects1
Sources for this chapter
The summary
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory; John Calvin, Commentaries; John Wesley, Notes on the Old Testament and Matthew Henry, Complete Commentary.
The exposition
Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Old Testament; Carl Friedrich Keil, The Twelve Minor Prophets; Edward Bouverie Pusey, The Minor Prophets: A Commentary; Jamieson, Fausset and Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.