Estherchapter 3
15 verses · BSBEsther book hub →
Original Language
Esther 3— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, a widely used lookup this site follows (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets mark the Hebrew’s own grammatical elements that English renders as separate words, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
Mordecai will not bow, and Haman is full of wrath1
Esther 3:1· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
אַחַ֣ר׀ʾacharafterH310הַדְּבָרִ֣יםhadevarimthe thingsH1697הָאֵ֗לֶּהhaeleh<the> theseH428גִּדַּל֩gidalhe made greatH1431הַמֶּ֨לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428אֲחַשְׁוֵר֜וֹשׁʾachashverooshAhasuerusH325אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הָמָ֧ןhamanHamanH2001בֶּֽן־ben-[the] son ofH1121הַמְּדָ֛תָאhamedata'HammedathaH4099הָאֲגָגִ֖יhaagagithe AgagiteH91וַֽיְנַשְּׂאֵ֑הוּvaynaseehuand he exalted himH5375וַיָּ֙שֶׂם֙vaiyasemand he placedH7760אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853כִּסְא֔וֹkisoseat hisH3678מֵעַ֕לmeal<from> aboveH5921כָּל־kol-allH3605הַשָּׂרִ֖יםhasarimthe officialsH8269אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasherwhoH834אִתּֽוֹ׃ʾito[were] with himH854
Rashi on Esther 3:1
After these events. That this remedy was created as a salvation for Yisroel.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Esther 3:2· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְכָל־vekholand allH3605עַבְדֵ֨יʾavdei[the] servants ofH5650הַמֶּ֜לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whoH834בְּשַׁ֣עַרbeshaar[were] at [the] gate ofH8179הַמֶּ֗לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428כֹּרְעִ֤יםkoreim[were] kneelingH3766וּמִֽשְׁתַּחֲוִים֙umishtachavimand bowing downH7812לְהָמָ֔ןlehamanto HamanH2001כִּי־ki-forH3588כֵ֖ןkhenthusH3651צִוָּה־tzivah-he had commandedH6680ל֣וֹloto <the> himהַמֶּ֑לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428וּמָ֨רְדֳּכַ֔יumaredokhaiand MordecaiH4782לֹ֥אlo'notH3808יִכְרַ֖עyikhra'he kneltH3766וְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808יִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶֽה׃yishtachavehhe bowed downH7812
Esther 3:3· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559עַבְדֵ֥יʾavdei[the] servants ofH5650הַמֶּ֛לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whoH834בְּשַׁ֥עַרbeshaar[were] at [the] gate ofH8179הַמֶּ֖לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428לְמָרְדֳּכָ֑יlemaredokhaito MordecaiH4782מַדּ֙וּעַ֙madua'why?H4069אַתָּ֣הʾatah[are] youH859עוֹבֵ֔רovertransgressingH5674אֵ֖תʾet<obj.>H853מִצְוַ֥תmitzvat[the] commandment ofH4687הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃hamelekhthe kingH4428
Esther 3:4· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיְהִ֗יvayhiand it wasH1961כְּאָמְרָ֤םkeameramjust as spoke theyH559אֵלָיו֙ʾelavto himH413י֣וֹםyoma dayH3117וָי֔וֹםvayomand a dayH3117וְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808שָׁמַ֖עshama'he listenedH8085אֲלֵיהֶ֑םʾaleihemto themH413וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּvaiyagiduand they toldH5046לְהָמָ֗ןlehamanto HamanH2001לִרְאוֹת֙lirotto seeH7200הֲיַֽעַמְדוּ֙hayaamdu¿ will they standH5975דִּבְרֵ֣יdivrei[the] words ofH1697מָרְדֳּכַ֔יmaredokhaiMordecaiH4782כִּֽי־ki-thatH3588הִגִּ֥ידhigidhe had toldH5046לָהֶ֖םlahemto <the> themאֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-thatH834ה֥וּאhu'heH1931יְהוּדִֽי׃yehudi[was] a JewH3064
Esther 3:5· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיַּ֣רְאvaiyar'and he sawH7200הָמָ֔ןhamanHamanH2001כִּי־ki-thatH3588אֵ֣יןʾeinnotH369מָרְדֳּכַ֔יmaredokhaiMordecaiH4782כֹּרֵ֥עַkorea'[was] kneelingH3766וּמִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֖הumishtachavehand bowing downH7812ל֑וֹloto <the> himוַיִּמָּלֵ֥אvaiyimale'and he was filledH4390הָמָ֖ןhamanHamanH2001חֵמָֽה׃chemahrageH2534
Esther 3:6· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּ֣בֶזvaiyivezand he despisedH959בְּעֵינָ֗יוbeeinavin view hisH5869לִשְׁלֹ֤חlishlochto stretch outH7971יָד֙yada handH3027בְּמָרְדֳּכַ֣יbemaredokhaion MordecaiH4782לְבַדּ֔וֹlevadoto only himH905כִּֽי־ki-ifH3588הִגִּ֥ידוּhigidupeople had toldH5046ל֖וֹloto <the> himאֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853עַ֣םʾam[the] people ofH5971מָרְדֳּכָ֑יmaredokhaiMordecaiH4782וַיְבַקֵּ֣שׁvayvakeshand he soughtH1245הָמָ֗ןhamanHamanH2001לְהַשְׁמִ֧ידlehashmidto annihilateH8045אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853כָּל־kol-allH3605הַיְּהוּדִ֛יםhaiyehudimthe JewsH3064אֲשֶׁ֛רʾasherwhoH834בְּכָל־bekhol[were] in allH3605מַלְכ֥וּתmalkhut[the] kingdom ofH4438אֲחַשְׁוֵר֖וֹשׁʾachashverooshAhasuerusH325עַ֥םʾam[the] people ofH5971מָרְדֳּכָֽי׃maredokhaiMordecaiH4782
The lot is cast, and a people's life is priced at ten thousand talents7
Esther 3:7· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
בַּחֹ֤דֶשׁbachodeshin the monthH2320הָרִאשׁוֹן֙harishon<the> firstH7223הוּא־hu'-thatH1931חֹ֣דֶשׁchodesh[is] [the] month ofH2320נִיסָ֔ןnisanNisanH5212בִּשְׁנַת֙bishnatin yearH8141שְׁתֵּ֣יםsheteimtwo [plus]H8147עֶשְׂרֵ֔הʾesrehtenH6240לַמֶּ֖לֶךְlamelekhof the kingH4428אֲחַשְׁוֵר֑וֹשׁʾachashverooshAhasuerusH325הִפִּ֣ילhipilsomeone castH5307פּוּר֩purPurH6332ה֨וּאhu'itH1931הַגּוֹרָ֜לhagoral[is] the lotH1486לִפְנֵ֣יlifnei<to> beforeH6440הָמָ֗ןhamanHamanH2001מִיּ֧וֹם׀miyomfrom dayH3117לְי֛וֹםleyomto dayH3117וּמֵחֹ֛דֶשׁumechodeshand from monthH2320לְחֹ֥דֶשׁlechodeshto monthH2320שְׁנֵים־sheneim-two [plus]H8147עָשָׂ֖רʾasartenH6240הוּא־hu'-thatH1931חֹ֥דֶשׁchodesh[is] [the] month ofH2320אֲדָֽר׃ סʾadarAdarH143וַיִּפֹּלvaiyipoland it fellH5307הַגּוֹרָלhagoralthe lotH1486עַל־ʾal-onH5921שְׁלוֹשָׁהsheloshahthree [plus]H7969עָשָׂרʾasartenH6240יוֹםyomdayH3117לְחֹדֶשׁlechodeshof monthH2320
Esther 3:8· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559הָמָן֙hamanHamanH2001לַמֶּ֣לֶךְlamelekhto the kingH4428אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁʾachashverooshAhasuerusH325יֶשְׁנ֣וֹyeshnothere itH3426עַם־ʾam-[is] a peopleH5971אֶחָ֗דʾechadoneH259מְפֻזָּ֤רmefuzarscatteredH6340וּמְפֹרָד֙umeforadand separatedH6504בֵּ֣יןbeinamongH996הָֽעַמִּ֔יםhaamimthe peoplesH5971בְּכֹ֖לbekholin allH3605מְדִינ֣וֹתmedinot[the] provinces ofH4082מַלְכוּתֶ֑ךָmalkhutekhakingdom yourH4438וְדָתֵיהֶ֞םvedateihemand laws theirH1881שֹׁנ֣וֹתshonot[are] differingH8138מִכָּל־mikolfrom everyH3605עָ֗םʾampeopleH5971וְאֶת־veetand <obj.>H853דָּתֵ֤יdatei[the] laws ofH1881הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙hamelekhthe kingH4428אֵינָ֣םʾeinamnot theyH369עֹשִׂ֔יםʾosim[are] doingH6213וְלַמֶּ֥לֶךְvelamelekhand for the kingH4428אֵין־ʾein-notH369שֹׁוֶ֖הshoveh[is] appropriateH7737לְהַנִּיחָֽם׃lehanichamto let remain themH5117
Esther 3:9· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
אִם־ʾim-ifH518עַל־ʾal-[is] onH5921הַמֶּ֣לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428ט֔וֹבtovgoodH2896יִכָּתֵ֖בyikatevlet it be writtenH3789לְאַבְּדָ֑םleabedamto destroy themH6וַעֲשֶׂ֨רֶתvaaseretand tenH6235אֲלָפִ֜יםʾalafimthousand<s>H505כִּכַּר־kikar-talent[s] ofH3603כֶּ֗סֶףkesefsilverH3701אֶשְׁקוֹל֙ʾeshkolI will weigh outH8254עַל־ʾal-onH5921יְדֵי֙yedei[the] hands ofH3027עֹשֵׂ֣יʾosei[the] doers ofH6213הַמְּלָאכָ֔הhamelakhahthe workH4399לְהָבִ֖יאlehavi'to bring [it]H935אֶל־ʾel-intoH413גִּנְזֵ֥יginzei[the] treasuries ofH1595הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃hamelekhthe kingH4428
Esther 3:10· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיָּ֧סַרvaiyasarand he removedH5493הַמֶּ֛לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853טַבַּעְתּ֖וֹtaba'tosignet-ring hisH2885מֵעַ֣לmealfrom onH5921יָד֑וֹyadohand hisH3027וַֽיִּתְּנָ֗הּvaiyitenahand he gave itH5414לְהָמָ֧ןlehamanto HamanH2001בֶּֽן־ben-[the] son ofH1121הַמְּדָ֛תָאhamedata'HammedathaH4099הָאֲגָגִ֖יhaagagithe AgagiteH91צֹרֵ֥רtzorer[the] opposer ofH6887הַיְּהוּדִֽים׃haiyehudimthe JewsH3064
Rashi on Esther 3:10
The king removed his ring. This represents the granting of any great matter that is required of the king; 6 Otherwise why would the king present the ring to Haman who did not ask for it but rather requested to annihilate the Jews.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Esther 3:11· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙hamelekhthe kingH4428לְהָמָ֔ןlehamanto HamanH2001הַכֶּ֖סֶףhakesefthe silverH3701נָת֣וּןnatun[is] givenH5414לָ֑ךְlakhto <the> youוְהָעָ֕םvehaamand the peopleH5971לַעֲשׂ֥וֹתlaasotto doH6213בּ֖וֹbowith <the> itכַּטּ֥וֹבkatovaccording to the goodH2896בְּעֵינֶֽיךָ׃beeineikhain view yourH5869
The posts ride out while the king and Haman sit down to drink12
Esther 3:12· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּקָּרְאוּ֩vaiyikareuand they were summonedH7121סֹפְרֵ֨יsoferei[the] scribes ofH5613הַמֶּ֜לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁbachodeshin the monthH2320הָרִאשׁ֗וֹןharishon<the> firstH7223בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֨הbishloshahon thir-H7969עָשָׂ֣רʾasarteenthH6240יוֹם֮yomdayH3117בּוֹ֒boin <the> itוַיִּכָּתֵ֣בvaiyikatevand it was writtenH3789כְּֽכָל־kekhol-according to allH3605אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-thatH834צִוָּ֣הtzivahhe commandedH6680הָמָ֡ןhamanHamanH2001אֶ֣לʾeltoH413אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנֵֽי־ʾachashdarpenei-[the] satraps ofH323הַ֠מֶּלֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428וְֽאֶל־veel-and toH413הַפַּח֞וֹתhapachotthe governorsH6346אֲשֶׁ֣ר׀ʾasherwhoH834עַל־ʾal-[were] overH5921מְדִינָ֣הmedinahprovinceH4082וּמְדִינָ֗הumedinahand provinceH4082וְאֶל־veel-and toH413שָׂ֤רֵיsarei[the] officials ofH8269עַם֙ʾampeopleH5971וָעָ֔םvaamand peopleH5971מְדִינָ֤הmedinahprovinceH4082וּמְדִינָה֙umedinahand provinceH4082כִּכְתָבָ֔הּkikhtavahaccording to writing itsH3791וְעַ֥םveamand peopleH5971וָעָ֖םvaamand peopleH5971כִּלְשׁוֹנ֑וֹkilshonoaccording to language itsH3956בְּשֵׁ֨םbeshemin [the] name ofH8034הַמֶּ֤לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ֙ʾachashveroshAhasuerusH325נִכְתָּ֔בnikhtav[it was] writtenH3789וְנֶחְתָּ֖םvenechtamand [it was] sealedH2856בְּטַבַּ֥עַתbetabaatwith [the] signet-ring ofH2885הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃hamelekhthe kingH4428
Esther 3:13· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְנִשְׁל֨וֹחַvenishloachand they were sentH7971סְפָרִ֜יםsefarimdocumentsH5612בְּיַ֣דbeyadby [the] hand ofH3027הָרָצִים֮haratzimthe runnersH7323אֶל־ʾel-toH413כָּל־kol-allH3605מְדִינ֣וֹתmedinot[the] provinces ofH4082הַמֶּלֶךְ֒hamelekhthe kingH4428לְהַשְׁמִ֡ידlehashmidto annihilateH8045לַהֲרֹ֣גlaharogto killH2026וּלְאַבֵּ֣דuleabedand to destroyH6אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853כָּל־kol-allH3605הַ֠יְּהוּדִיםhaiyehudimthe JewsH3064מִנַּ֨עַרminaarfrom young manH5288וְעַד־vead-and untoH5704זָקֵ֜ןzakenold [man]H2205טַ֤ףtaflittle one[s]H2945וְנָשִׁים֙venashimand womenH802בְּי֣וֹםbeyomon a dayH3117אֶחָ֔דʾechadoneH259בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥הbishloshahon [day] thir-H7969עָשָׂ֛רʾasarteenH6240לְחֹ֥דֶשׁlechodeshof monthH2320שְׁנֵים־sheneim-two [plus]H8147עָשָׂ֖רʾasartenH6240הוּא־hu'-thatH1931חֹ֣דֶשׁchodesh[is] [the] month ofH2320אֲדָ֑רʾadarAdarH143וּשְׁלָלָ֖םushelalamand spoil theirH7998לָבֽוֹז׃lavozto take as plunderH962
Esther 3:14· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
פַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶןpatshegen<the> copy ofH6572הַכְּתָ֗בhaketavthe writingH3791לְהִנָּ֤תֵֽןlehinaten[was] to be givenH5414דָּת֙datlawH1881בְּכָל־bekholin everyH3605מְדִינָ֣הmedinahprovinceH4082וּמְדִינָ֔הumedinahand provinceH4082גָּל֖וּיgalui[was] disclosedH1540לְכָל־lekholto allH3605הָֽעַמִּ֑יםhaamimthe peoplesH5971לִהְי֥וֹתlihyotto beH1961עֲתִדִ֖יםʾatidimreadyH6264לַיּ֥וֹםlaiyomfor the dayH3117הַזֶּֽה׃hazeh<the> thisH2088
Rashi on Esther 3:14
The terms. An Aramaic term [meaning] the account of the writ, disreinement in O.F. [text, content, account].
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Esther 3:15· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
הָֽרָצִ֞יםharatzimthe runnersH7323יָצְא֤וּyatzeuthey went outH3318דְחוּפִים֙dechufimbeing hastyH1765בִּדְבַ֣רbidvarat [the] word ofH1697הַמֶּ֔לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428וְהַדָּ֥תvehadatand the lawH1881נִתְּנָ֖הnitenahit was givenH5414בְּשׁוּשַׁ֣ןbeshushanin SusaH7800הַבִּירָ֑הhabirahthe citadelH1002וְהַמֶּ֤לֶךְvehamelekhand the kingH4428וְהָמָן֙vehamanand HamanH2001יָשְׁב֣וּyashevuthey sat downH3427לִשְׁתּ֔וֹתlishtotto drinkH8354וְהָעִ֥ירvehairand the city ofH5892שׁוּשָׁ֖ןshushanSusaH7800נָבֽוֹכָה׃ פnavokhahit was in confusionH943