Danielchapter 10
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Original Language
Daniel 10— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
In Jewish life
Jewish practice and Jewish teaching both have something to say about Daniel 10. Three things follow: where it is read, what is done because of it, and how the rabbis have taught it. The purpose is to inform a Christian reader what Jews believe and how Judaism was and is practised.
Where the rabbis cite this chapter
4 rows sit beside their verses in the text, on 4 verses of this chapter. No row that speaks to the chapter as a whole is recorded. Every quote links to its full source.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria (sefaria.org); excerpts follow each version’s license, and every passage opens at its source.
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, a widely used lookup this site follows (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets mark the Hebrew’s own grammatical elements that English renders as separate words, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
Three weeks of mourning, then a man clothed in linen1
Daniel 10:1· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
בִּשְׁנַ֣תbishnatin yearH8141שָׁל֗וֹשׁshalooshthreeH7969לְכ֙וֹרֶשׁ֙lekhoreshof CyrusH3566מֶ֣לֶךְmelekh[the] king ofH4428פָּרַ֔סparasPersiaH6539דָּבָר֙davara wordH1697נִגְלָ֣הniglahit was revealedH1540לְדָֽנִיֵּ֔אלledaniyelto DanielH1840אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whomH834נִקְרָ֥אnikra'it had been calledH7121שְׁמ֖וֹshemoname hisH8034בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּ֑רbeleteshatzarBelteshazzarH1095וֶאֱמֶ֤תveemetand [was] truthH571הַדָּבָר֙hadavarthe wordH1697וְצָבָ֣אvetzava'and a warH6635גָד֔וֹלgadolgreatH1419וּבִין֙uvinand he understoodH995אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַדָּבָ֔רhadavarthe wordH1697וּבִ֥ינָהuvinahand understandingH998ל֖וֹlo[belonged] to himבַּמַּרְאֶֽה׃bamarehby the visionH4758
Daniel 10:2· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Daniel 10:3· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
לֶ֣חֶםlechemfood ofH3899חֲמֻד֞וֹתchamudotdesirableness<es>H2532לֹ֣אlo'notH3808אָכַ֗לְתִּיʾakhaltiI ateH398וּבָשָׂ֥רuvasarand meatH1320וָיַ֛יִןvayayinand wineH3196לֹא־lo'-notH3808בָ֥אva'it cameH935אֶל־ʾel-intoH413פִּ֖יpimouth myH6310וְס֣וֹךְvesokhand indeed <anoint>H5480לֹא־lo'-notH3808סָ֑כְתִּיsakhetiI anointed myselfH5480עַד־ʾad-untilH5704מְלֹ֕אתmelotwere completedH4390שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁתsheloshetthreeH7969שָׁבֻעִ֖יםshavuimsevensH7620יָמִֽים׃ פyamimdaysH3117
Daniel 10:4· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וּבְי֛וֹםuveyomand on dayH3117עֶשְׂרִ֥יםʾesrimtwentyH6242וְאַרְבָּעָ֖הvearbaahand fourH702לַחֹ֣דֶשׁlachodeshof the monthH2320הָרִאשׁ֑וֹןharishon<the> firstH7223וַאֲנִ֗יvaaniand IH589הָיִ֛יתִיhayitiI wasH1961עַ֣לʾalonH5921יַ֧דyad[the] side ofH3027הַנָּהָ֛רhanaharthe riverH5104הַגָּד֖וֹלhagadol<the> greatH1419ה֥וּאhu'thatH1931חִדָּֽקֶל׃chidakel[is] [the] TigrisH2313
Daniel 10:5· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וָאֶשָּׂ֤אvaesa'and I lifted upH5375אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853עֵינַי֙ʾeinaieyes myH5869וָאֵ֔רֶאvaere'and I sawH7200וְהִנֵּ֥הvehinehand there!H2009אִישׁ־ʾish-a manH376אֶחָ֖דʾechadoneH259לָב֣וּשׁlavushclothedH3847בַּדִּ֑יםbadimlinen<s>H906וּמָתְנָ֥יוumatenavand loins hisH4975חֲגֻרִ֖יםchagurim[were] girdedH2296בְּכֶ֥תֶםbekhetemwith [the] gold ofH3800אוּפָֽז׃ʾufazUphazH210
Daniel 10:6· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וּגְוִיָּת֣וֹugeviyatoand body hisH1472כְתַרְשִׁ֗ישׁkhetarshish[was] like topazH8658וּפָנָ֞יוufanavand face hisH6440כְּמַרְאֵ֤הkemareh[was] like [the] appearance ofH4758בָרָק֙varaklightningH1300וְעֵינָיו֙veeinavand eyes hisH5869כְּלַפִּ֣ידֵיkelapidei[were] like torches ofH3940אֵ֔שׁʾeshfireH784וּזְרֹֽעֹתָיו֙uzerootavand arms hisH2220וּמַרְגְּלֹתָ֔יוumargelotavand feet hisH4772כְּעֵ֖יןkeein[were] like [the] appearance ofH5869נְחֹ֣שֶׁתnechoshetbronzeH5178קָלָ֑לkalalburnishedH7044וְק֥וֹלvekoland [the] sound ofH6963דְּבָרָ֖יוdevaravwords hisH1697כְּק֥וֹלkekol[was] like [the] sound ofH6963הָמֽוֹן׃hamona multitudeH1995
Daniel 10:7· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְרָאִיתִי֩veraitiand I sawH7200אֲנִ֨יʾaniIH589דָנִיֵּ֤אלdaniyelDanielH1840לְבַדִּי֙levadito alone meH905אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַמַּרְאָ֔הhamarahthe visionH4759וְהָאֲנָשִׁים֙vehaanashimand the menH582אֲשֶׁ֣רʾasherwhoH834הָי֣וּhayuthey wereH1961עִמִּ֔יʾimiwith meH5973לֹ֥אlo'notH3808רָא֖וּrauthey sawH7200אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַמַּרְאָ֑הhamarahthe visionH4759אֲבָ֗לʾavalbutH61חֲרָדָ֤הcharadahterrorH2731גְדֹלָה֙gedolahgreatH1419נָפְלָ֣הnafelahit fellH5307עֲלֵיהֶ֔םʾaleihemon themH5921וַֽיִּבְרְח֖וּvaiyivrechuand they fledH1272בְּהֵחָבֵֽא׃behechave'in hiding themselvesH2244
Daniel 10:8· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַאֲנִי֙vaaniand IH589נִשְׁאַ֣רְתִּיnishartiI was left behindH7604לְבַדִּ֔יlevadito alone meH905וָֽאֶרְאֶ֗הvaerehand I sawH7200אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַמַּרְאָ֤הhamarahthe visionH4759הַגְּדֹלָה֙hagedolah<the> greatH1419הַזֹּ֔אתhazot<the> thisH2063וְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808נִשְׁאַר־nishar-it remainedH7604בִּ֖יbiin meכֹּ֑חkochstrengthH3581וְהוֹדִ֗יvehodiand vigor myH1935נֶהְפַּ֤ךְnehpakhit was changedH2015עָלַי֙ʾalaion meH5921לְמַשְׁחִ֔יתlemashchitinto destructionH4889וְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808עָצַ֖רְתִּיʾatzartiI retainedH6113כֹּֽחַ׃koachstrengthH3581
Daniel 10:9· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וָאֶשְׁמַ֖עvaeshma'and I heardH8085אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853ק֣וֹלkol[the] sound ofH6963דְּבָרָ֑יוdevaravwords hisH1697וּכְשָׁמְעִי֙ukheshameiand just as heard IH8085אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853ק֣וֹלkol[the] sound ofH6963דְּבָרָ֔יוdevaravwords hisH1697וַאֲנִ֗יvaaniand IH589הָיִ֛יתִיhayitiI wasH1961נִרְדָּ֥םnirdamdazedH7290עַל־ʾal-onH5921פָּנַ֖יpanaiface myH6440וּפָנַ֥יufanaiand face myH6440אָֽרְצָה׃ʾaretzah[was] ground towardsH776
The prince of Persia withstood me twenty-one days10
Daniel 10:10· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְהִנֵּה־vehineh-and there!H2009יָ֖דyada handH3027נָ֣גְעָהnageahit touchedH5060בִּ֑יbi<in> meוַתְּנִיעֵ֥נִיvatenieniand it shook meH5128עַל־ʾal-onH5921בִּרְכַּ֖יbirkaiknees myH1290וְכַפּ֥וֹתvekhapotand [the] palms ofH3709יָדָֽי׃yadaihands myH3027
Rashi on Daniel 10:10
and moved me as one who moves a sleeping person to awaken him.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
Daniel 10:11· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559אֵלַ֡יʾelaito meH413דָּנִיֵּ֣אלdaniyelO DanielH1840אִישׁ־ʾish-man ofH376חֲ֠מֻדוֹתchamudotpreciousness<es>H2532הָבֵ֨ןhavenunderstandH995בַּדְּבָרִ֜יםbadevarim<in> the wordsH1697אֲשֶׁר֩ʾasherwhichH834אָנֹכִ֨יʾanokhiIH595דֹבֵ֤רdover[am] about to speakH1696אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ʾeleikhato youH413וַעֲמֹ֣דvaamodand standH5975עַל־ʾal-onH5921עָמְדֶ֔ךָʾamedekhastanding place yourH5977כִּ֥יkiforH3588עַתָּ֖הʾatahnowH6258שֻׁלַּ֣חְתִּיshulachtiI have been sentH7971אֵלֶ֑יךָʾeleikhato youH413וּבְדַבְּר֥וֹuvedaberoand when spoke heH1696עִמִּ֛יʾimiwith meH5973אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַדָּבָ֥רhadavarthe wordH1697הַזֶּ֖הhazeh<the> thisH2088עָמַ֥דְתִּיʾamadtiI stood upH5975מַרְעִֽיד׃maridtremblingH7460
Daniel 10:12· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559אֵלַי֮ʾelaito meH413אַל־ʾal-may notH408תִּירָ֣אtira'you fearH3372דָנִיֵּאל֒daniyelO DanielH1840כִּ֣י׀kiforH3588מִן־min-fromH4480הַיּ֣וֹםhaiyomthe dayH3117הָרִאשׁ֗וֹןharishon<the> firstH7223אֲשֶׁ֨רʾasherwhichH834נָתַ֧תָּnatatayou gaveH5414אֶֽת־ʾet-<obj.>H853לִבְּךָ֛libekhaheart yourH3820לְהָבִ֧יןlehavinto understandH995וּלְהִתְעַנּ֛וֹתulehitanotand to humble yourselfH6031לִפְנֵ֥יlifnei<to> beforeH6440אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָʾeloheikhaGod yourH430נִשְׁמְע֣וּnishmeuthey were heardH8085דְבָרֶ֑יךָdevareikhawords yourH1697וַאֲנִי־vaani-and IH589בָ֖אתִיvatiI have comeH935בִּדְבָרֶֽיךָ׃bidvareikhaon words yourH1697
Rashi on Daniel 10:12
and I have come because of your words I have come on this mission because of your words. Our Rabbis, however, explained in Tractate Yoma (77a): “and I came within the curtain because of you, for I was banned from its midst.”
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
Daniel 10:13· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְשַׂ֣ר׀vesarand [the] prince ofH8269מַלְכ֣וּתmalkhut[the] kingdom ofH4438פָּרַ֗סparasPersiaH6539עֹמֵ֤דʾomed[was] standingH5975לְנֶגְדִּי֙lenegdito before meH5048עֶשְׂרִ֣יםʾesrimtwentyH6242וְאֶחָ֣דveechadand oneH259י֔וֹםyomday[s]H3117וְהִנֵּ֣הvehinehand there!H2009מִֽיכָאֵ֗לmikhaelMichaelH4317אַחַ֛דʾachadone ofH259הַשָּׂרִ֥יםhasarimthe princesH8269הָרִאשֹׁנִ֖יםharishonim<the> chiefH7223בָּ֣אba'he cameH935לְעָזְרֵ֑נִיleazerenito help meH5826וַאֲנִי֙vaaniand IH589נוֹתַ֣רְתִּיnotartiI remained behindH3498שָׁ֔םshamthereH8033אֵ֖צֶלʾetzelbesideH681מַלְכֵ֥יmalkhei[the] kings ofH4428פָרָֽס׃farasPersiaH6539
Rashi on Daniel 10:13
has been standing against me to battle with me in heaven by requesting an extension for the kingdom for Persia to enable them to subjugate you (Israel). Behold twenty-one days that he has been standing against me.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
Daniel 10:14· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וּבָ֙אתִי֙uvatiand I have comeH935לַהֲבִ֣ינְךָ֔lahavinekhato make understand youH995אֵ֛תʾet<obj.>H853אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-[that] whichH834יִקְרָ֥הyikrahit will happenH7136לְעַמְּךָ֖leamekhato people yourH5971בְּאַחֲרִ֣יתbeacharitat [the] end ofH319הַיָּמִ֑יםhaiyamimthe daysH3117כִּי־ki-forH3588ע֥וֹדodstillH5750חָז֖וֹןchazon[the] visionH2377לַיָּמִֽים׃laiyamim[is] for the daysH3117
Rashi on Daniel 10:14
for there is yet a vision to tell you what has not yet been told, and it will come in many days at an appointed time.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
Strengthened to hear the scripture of truth15
Daniel 10:15· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Daniel 10:16· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְהִנֵּ֗הvehinehand there!H2009כִּדְמוּת֙kidmutlike [the] likeness ofH1823בְּנֵ֣יbenei[the] sons ofH1121אָדָ֔םʾadamhumankindH120נֹגֵ֖עַnogea'[was] touchingH5060עַל־ʾal-<on>H5921שְׂפָתָ֑יsefatailips myH8193וָאֶפְתַּח־vaeftach-and I openedH6605פִּ֗יpimouth myH6310וָאֲדַבְּרָה֙vaadaberahand I spoke !H1696וָאֹֽמְרָה֙vaomerahand I said !H559אֶל־ʾel-toH413הָעֹמֵ֣דhaomedthe [one] standingH5975לְנֶגְדִּ֔יlenegdito before meH5048אֲדֹנִ֗יʾadoniO lord myH113בַּמַּרְאָה֙bamarahon the visionH4759נֶהֶפְכ֤וּnehefkhuthey have turnedH2015צִירַי֙tziraipangs myH6735עָלַ֔יʾalaion meH5921וְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808עָצַ֖רְתִּיʾatzartiI have retainedH6113כֹּֽחַ׃koachstrengthH3581
Daniel 10:17· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְהֵ֣יךְveheikhand how?H1963יוּכַ֗לyukhalis he ableH3201עֶ֤בֶדʾeved[the] servant ofH5650אֲדֹנִי֙ʾadonilord myH113זֶ֔הzehthisH2088לְדַבֵּ֖רledaberto speakH1696עִם־ʾim-withH5973אֲדֹ֣נִיʾadonilord myH113זֶ֑הzehthisH2088וַאֲנִ֤יvaaniand IH589מֵעַ֙תָּה֙meatahfrom nowH6258לֹֽא־lo'-notH3808יַעֲמָד־yaamod-it remainsH5975בִּ֣יbiin meכֹ֔חַkhoachstrengthH3581וּנְשָׁמָ֖הuneshamahand breathH5397לֹ֥אlo'notH3808נִשְׁאֲרָה־nisharah-it is leftH7604בִֽי׃viin me
Daniel 10:18· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Daniel 10:19· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֜אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559אַל־ʾal-may notH408תִּירָ֧אtira'you fearH3372אִישׁ־ʾish-O man ofH376חֲמֻד֛וֹתchamudotpreciousness<es>H2532שָׁל֥וֹםshalompeaceH7965לָ֖ךְlakh[be] to youחֲזַ֣קchazakbe strongH2388וַחֲזָ֑קvachazakand be strongH2388וּֽבְדַבְּר֤וֹubedaberoand when spoke heH1696עִמִּי֙ʾimiwith meH5973הִתְחַזַּ֔קְתִּיhitchazaktiI strengthened myselfH2388וָאֹֽמְרָ֛הvaomerahand I saidH559יְדַבֵּ֥רyedaberlet him speakH1696אֲדֹנִ֖יʾadonilord myH113כִּ֥יkiforH3588חִזַּקְתָּֽנִי׃chizaktaniyou have strengthened meH2388
Daniel 10:20· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֗אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559הֲיָדַ֙עְתָּ֙hayada'ta¿ do you knowH3045לָמָּה־lamah-<to> why?H4100בָּ֣אתִיbatihave I comeH935אֵלֶ֔יךָʾeleikhato youH413וְעַתָּ֣הveatahand nowH6258אָשׁ֔וּבʾashuvI will returnH7725לְהִלָּחֵ֖םlehilachemto engage in battleH3898עִם־ʾim-withH5973שַׂ֣רsar[the] prince ofH8269פָּרָ֑סparasPersiaH6539וַאֲנִ֣יvaaniand IH589יוֹצֵ֔אyotze'[am] about to go forthH3318וְהִנֵּ֥הvehinehand there!H2009שַׂר־sar-[the] prince ofH8269יָוָ֖ןyavanGreeceH3120בָּֽא׃ba'he will comeH935
Daniel 10:21· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
אֲבָל֙ʾavalbutH61אַגִּ֣ידʾagidI will tellH5046לְךָ֔lekhato youאֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הָרָשׁ֥וּםharashumthe [thing] inscribedH7559בִּכְתָ֖בbikhtavin writing ofH3791אֱמֶ֑תʾemettruthH571וְאֵ֨יןveeinand there notH369אֶחָ֜דʾechad[is] oneH259מִתְחַזֵּ֤קmitchazek[who] shows himself strongH2388עִמִּי֙ʾimiwith meH5973עַל־ʾal-onH5921אֵ֔לֶּהʾelehtheseH428כִּ֥יkithatH3588אִם־ʾim-exceptH518מִיכָאֵ֖לmikhaelMichaelH4317שַׂרְכֶֽם׃ פsarkhemprince yourH8269