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Numbers 21:3

in Numbers 21

And the LORD heard Israel’s plea and delivered up the Canaanites. Israel devoted them and their cities to destruction; so they named the place Hormah.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

And Jehovah hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and the name of the place was called Hormah.

KJV

And the Lord hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and he called the name of the place Hormah.

This verse in Numbers 21

Commentary

8 notes on this verse
He called the name of the place - Render it as: “the name of the place was called.” The transitive verb here is, by a common Hebrew idiom, equivalent to an impersonal one. Hormah - i. e. “Ban.” See Num 14:45 and note.

This site's exposition

king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the south

on Numbers 21:1-3

Israel vows before the battle and the terms are destruction of the cities rather than plunder. The place is called Hormah, a name Numbers 14:45 had already used for the ground where the fathers were driven back after going up without leave, and Judges 1:17 records the name being given again by Judah and Simeon. Keil and Delitzsch read 14:45 as using the later name in advance, and the three passages stand in the text as they are written.

The record, by era

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

proposed

Because God would not permit it, there being several works yet to be done, other people must be conquered, the Israelites must be farther humbled and tried and purged, Moses must die, and then they shall enter, and that in a more glorious manner, even over Jordan, which shall be miraculously dried up, to give them passage. Hormah - That is, utter destruction.
And the Lord hearkened to the voice of Israel,....

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

What is said of the tribe of God is true of all God's Israel, a troop may overcome them, but they shall overcome at the last. The place was called Hormah, as a memorial of the destruction, for the terror of the Canaanites, and probably for warning to posterity not to attempt the rebuilding of these cities, which were destroyed as devoted to God and sacrifices to divine justice.

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

OUR text is a long one, but we must have it all in order to get the sense of the passage, so as to contrast the two wilderness incidents which are here mentioned and to learn how we may use them to our own spiritual profit. I. So, in the first place, LET US CONTRAST THESE TWO WILDERNESS INCIDENTS. First of all, let us examine the details of the first incident. We learn, from this part of the narrative, that the children of Israel were in real danger. They were attacked by a ferocious foe who, being probably aware that he was doomed to destruction, determined to anticipate the contest by fighting against the Israelites while they were unprepared, and so injuring them as much as he could. Arad appears to have been a king of some considerable power and his skill in warfare is proved by the fact that he was at least partially successful against the Israelites, for he, "took some of them prisoners." So that the people were in real danger. And have you not noticed, dear Friends, that God's people often behave best when they are in their worst case? Usually, when they are in imminent peril, they cry to their God to deliver them, and so they soon obtain relief—but when they make trouble for themselves by a willful fretfulness of spirit—then it is that they lose their confidence in God and, instead of playing the man, they play the fool! You must have noticed how often accidents happen to people when they are engaged in play rather than when they are at work. I always warn our friends to be especially careful when they are leaving for a holiday, for I have observed how frequently they come back with signs of having suffered injuries of one kind or another, though they have been perfectly well while occupied with their usual avocations. It is very much the same in spiritual things.
OUR text is a long one, but we must have it all in order to get the sense of the passage, so as to contrast the two wilderness incidents which are here mentioned and to learn how we may use them to our own spiritual profit. I. So, in the first place, LET US CONTRAST THESE TWO WILDERNESS INCIDENTS. First of all, let us examine the details of the first incident. We learn, from this part of the narrative, that the children of Israel were in real danger.
1 more voice on this verse

The Nineteenth Century1 voice

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

The Lord hearkened to the voice of Israel - The whole of this verse appears to me to have been added after the days of Joshua. It is certain the Canaanites were not utterly destroyed at the time here spoken of, for this did not take place till after the death of Moses. If, instead of utterly destroyed them, ויחרם vaiyacharem, we translate they devoted them to utter destruction, it will make a good sense, and not repugnant to the Hebrew; though some think it more probable that the verse was added afterwards by Joshua or Ezra, in testimony of the fulfillment of God’s promise; for Arad, who is mentioned as being destroyed here, is mentioned among those destroyed by Joshua long after, (see Jos 12:14): but this is quite consistent with their being devoted to destruction, as this might be fulfilled any time after. See the note on Leviticus 27 (note).

The words behind it

15 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיִּשְׁמַ֨עand he listened

    vaiyishma'H80851159 times

  • יְהוָ֜הYahweh

    yahwehH30686520 times

  • בְּק֣וֹלto [the] voice of

    bekolH6963506 times

  • יִשְׂרָאֵ֗לIsrael

    yisraelH34782507 times

  • וַיִּתֵּן֙and he delivered up

    vaiyitenH54142011 times

  • אֶת־<obj.>

    ʾet-H85310935 times

  • הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔יthe Canaanite[s]

    hakenaaniH366973 times

  • וַיַּחֲרֵ֥םand it totally destroyed

    vaiyacharemH2763

  • אֶתְהֶ֖ם<obj.> them

    ʾethemH85310935 times

  • וְאֶת־and <obj.>

    veetH85310935 times

  • עָרֵיהֶ֑םcities their

    ʾareihemH58921090 times

  • וַיִּקְרָ֥אand someone called

    vaiyikra'H7121733 times

  • שֵׁם־[the] name of

    shem-H8034864 times

  • הַמָּק֖וֹםthe place

    hamakomH4725401 times

  • חָרְמָֽה׃ פHormah

    charemahH2767

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Psalms 91:15

    When he calls out to Me, I will answer him; I will be with him in trouble. I will deliver him and honor him.

    it leads to

    • Jeremiah 33:3

      Call to Me, and I will answer and show you great and unsearchable things you do not know.

    • Isaiah 65:24

      Even before they call, I will answer, and while they are still speaking, I will hear.

    • Psalms 50:15

      Call upon Me in the day of trouble; I will deliver you, and you will honor Me.”

    • Psalms 138:7

      If I walk in the midst of trouble, You preserve me from the anger of my foes; You extend Your hand, and Your right hand saves me.

    • John 12:26

      If anyone serves Me, he must follow Me; and where I am, My servant will be as well. If anyone serves Me, the Father will honor him.

  • Through

    Psalms 102:17

    He will turn toward the prayer of the destitute; He will not despise their prayer.

    it leads to

    • Nehemiah 1:6

      let Your eyes be open and Your ears attentive to hear the prayer that I, Your servant, now pray before You day and night for Your servants, the Israelites. I confess the sins that…

    • Psalms 22:24

      For He has not despised or detested the torment of the afflicted. He has not hidden His face from him, but has attended to his cry for help.

  • Through

    Numbers 14:45

    Then the Amalekites and Canaanites who lived in that part of the hill country came down, attacked them, and routed them all the way to Hormah.

    it leads to

    • Judges 1:17

      Then the men of Judah went with their brothers the Simeonites, attacked the Canaanites living in Zephath, and devoted the city to destruction. So it was called Hormah.

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

Where this verse is studied

About Numbers

The Bronze Serpent — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
The Bronze Serpent — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Albert Barnes, Notes on the Old Testament; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3214: “Two Wilderness Incidents” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Keil and Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament: The Pentateuch and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.