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2 Samuel 3:4

in 2 Samuel 3

his fourth was Adonijah, the son of Haggith; his fifth was Shephatiah, the son of Abital;

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;

KJV

And the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;

⋯

This verse in 2 Samuel 3

Commentary

3 notes on this verse
Adonijah - The same who, when David was dying, aspired to the crown, and was put to death by Solomon. Shephatiah - “God is judge.” This is the same name as Jehoshaphat, only with the two elements composing it placed in inverted order. Nothing more is known of him or of his brother Ithream.

This site's exposition

unto David were sons born in Hebron

on 2 Samuel 3:2-5

Six sons by six wives in the seven and a half years at Hebron: Amnon, Chileab, Absalom, Adonijah, Shephatiah and Ithream, and three of the six names will carry the book's later grief. JFB reads the Geshur marriage that gives Absalom his mother as a political match, an alliance against Ish-bosheth's party in the north bought at the price Henry calls David's grief and shame. Adonijah, the fourth son, will claim the throne on David's deathbed and die by Solomon's order at 1 Kings 2:24-25, so the list already holds the seed of the chapters still to come.

The record, by era

The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice

And the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith,.... The same that usurped the throne before his father's death, to anticipate Solomon, and died by his order, 1Ki 1:5, and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; of whom we read nowhere else.

The words behind it

8 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וְהָרְבִיעִ֖יand [was] the fourth

    vehareviiH7243 →

  • אֲדֹנִיָּ֣הAdonijah

    ʾadoniyahH138 →

  • בֶן־[the] son of

    ven-H1121 →4930 times

  • חַגִּ֑יתHaggith

    chagitH2294 →

  • וְהַחֲמִישִׁ֖יand [was] the fifth

    vehachamishiH2549 →

  • שְׁפַטְיָ֥הShephatiah

    shefatyahH8203 →

  • בֶן־[the] son of

    ven-H1121 →4930 times

  • אֲבִיטָֽל׃Abital

    ʾavitalH37 →

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

Related verses

4 in all, six open

Where this verse is studied

On this page

Studies1

About 2 Samuel

David Mourns the Death of Absalom, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
David Mourns the Death of Absalom, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
2 Samuel: the study guide →Read 2 Samuel 3 →

This page draws on Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Jamieson, Fausset and Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.

Read on in 2 Samuel 3 →