2 Corinthians 11:23
in 2 Corinthians 11Are they servants of Christ? I am speaking like I am out of my mind, but I am so much more: in harder labor, in more imprisonments, in worse beatings, in frequent danger of death.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Are they ministers of Christ? (I speak as one beside himself) I more; in labors more abundantly, in prisons more abundantly, in stripes above measure, in deaths oft.
KJV
Are they ministers of Christ? (I speak as a fool) I am more; in labours more abundant, in stripes above measure, in prisons more frequent, in deaths oft.
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This verse in 2 Corinthians 11
Commentary
17 notes on this verseA commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
I speak as a fool--rather, as Greek, "I speak as if beside myself"; stronger than "as a fool." I am more--namely, in respect to the credentials and manifestations of my ministry, more faithful and self-denying; and richer in tokens of God's recognition of my ministry.
This site's exposition
Are they Hebrews? So am I.
on 2 Corinthians 11:22-23
Paul matches the false apostles' claims point for point: Hebrews, Israelites, descendants of Abraham. At the one place credentials matter, the service itself, he claims excess over equality: I am so much more.
This site's exposition
in more imprisonments
Paul turns from descent to service, and here he claims more than his rivals. Matthew Henry rests the claim on proofs the Corinthians had seen for themselves, since God had counted Paul faithful and put him into the ministry. The list that follows is his evidence.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
And one aim and one end, as far as regards perfection, being demonstrated to belong to the man and the woman, Peter in his Epistle says, "Though now for a season, if need be, ye are in heaviness through manifold temptations; that the trial of your faith, being much more precious than that of gold which perisheth, though it be tried with fire, might be found unto praise, and honour, and glory at the revelation of Jesus Christ; whom, having not seen, ye love; in whom, though now ye see Him not, yet believing, ye rejoice with joy unspeakable, and full of glory, receiving the end of your faith, the salvation of your souls." Wherefore also Paul rejoices for Christ's sake that he was "in labours, more abundantly, in stripes above measure, in deaths oft."
The other apostles labored, but not as much as Paul. He used to earn his living with his own hands, from early morning until about eleven o'clock, and from then until four in the afternoon he would engage in public disputation with such energy that …
Of the Jews five times received I forty stripes, save one; thrice was I beaten with rods; once was I stoned," and the rest.
No one else has been granted such a love of the Lord as this blessed spirit. I mean, as though freed from the body and raised on high, so to say, and not considering himself to tread the earth, he delivers himself of all these remarks. You see, desire for God and burning love elevated his thinking from material things to spiritual, from present to future, from visible to unseen. This is what faith is like, after all, and love of God. For proof of his sound attitude, see this man, with his great love for the Lord and his burning desire for him hunted, persecuted, chastised, suffering countless abuses and exclaiming, "In toils more frequently, in scourgings beyond counting, at death's door often; at the Jews' hands I five times received forty lashes bar one; I was thrice beaten with rods; once I was stoned; a day and night I spent adrift at sea, always traveling, at peril from rivers, at peril from false brothers, in toil and hardship"—and while suffering such things he rejoiced and was glad. You see, he was quite convinced that the labors of the present life proved an occasion of great reward for him, and dangers were the source of a crown. After all, if out of love for Rachel Jacob regarded as a few days the period of seven years, much more did this blessed man count it all of no consequence, on fire as he was with love of God and prepared to endure everything for the Christ he loved. Let us too, therefore, I beseech you, be concerned to love Christ. Christ looks for nothing else from you, in fact, Scripture says, than loving him with all your heart and carrying out his commands.
"Are they the seed of Abraham? so am I. Are they ministers of Christ. (I speak as one beside himself,) I more." He is not content with his former deprecation, but uses it again here also. "I speak as one beside himself, I more." I am their superior and their better. And indeed he possessed clear proofs of his superiority, but nevertheless even so he terms the thing a folly. And yet if they were false Apostles, he heeded not to have introduced his own superiority by way of comparison, but to have destroyed their claim to "be ministers" at all. Well, he did destroy it, saying, "False Apostles, deceitful workers, fashioning themselves into Apostles of Christ," but now he doth not proceed in that way, for his discourse was about to proceed to strict examination; and no one when an examination is in hand simply asserts; but having first stated the case in the way of comparison, he shows it to be negatived by the facts, a very strong negative. But besides, it is their opinion he gives, not his own assertion, when he says, "Are they ministers of Christ?" And having said, "I more," he proceeds in his comparison, and shows that not by bare assertions, but by furnishing the proof that facts supply, he maintains the impress of the Apostleship. And leaving all his miracles, he begins with his trials; thus saying, "In labors more abundantly, in stripes above measure." This latter is greater than the former; to be both beaten and scourged. "In prisons more abundantly." Here too again is there an increase. "In deaths oft." For, "I die," saith he, "daily." But here, even in reality; 'for I have oft been delivered into mortal dangers.'
9 more voices on this verse
The Medieval Church4 voices
Thus, it is clear that I am not inferior to them as to the glory, which is according to the flesh; nor even as to the glory which is according to Christ, because they are servants of Christ, i.e., they say so to deceive you; …
Some say that he should not have expressed these words in the form of a comparison, but should have said directly that they are not ministers of Christ. We answer that he showed this with a single word, calling them false apostles. Now, having begun …
He enumerates the distinguishing marks of the apostles, and, setting aside signs, he begins with trials. I undertake, he says, many labors, going from one place to another, teaching day and night, working with my own hands meanwhile, and, what is more important, enduring beatings …
Not only by seemingly dying, but also by being exposed to dangers that truly threatened death.
The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices
Paul was the apostle of the Gentiles, and for that reason was hated of the Jews. They did all they could against him; and among the Gentiles also he met with hard usage. Bonds and imprisonments were familiar to him; never was the most notorious malefactor more frequently in the hands of public justice than Paul was for righteousness' sake.
Are they ministers of Christ?....
God had counted him faithful, and had put him into the ministry. He had been a useful minister of Christ unto them; they had found full proofs of his ministry: Are they ministers of Christ?
The Nineteenth Century2 voices
Are they ministers of Christ - So we find that these were professors of Christianity; and that they were genuine Jews, and such as endeavored to incorporate both systems, and, no doubt, to oblige those who had believed to be circumcised; and this appears to have been the bondage into which they had brought many of the believing Corinthians. I am more - More of a minister of Christ than they are, and have given fuller proofs of it. I have suffered persecution for the cross of Christ, and of the Jews too; and had I preached up the necessity of circumcision, I should have been as free from opposition as these are. In labors more abundant - Far from sitting down to take my ease in a Church already gathered into Christ; I travel incessantly, preach every where, and at all risks, in order to get the heathen brought from the empire of darkness into the kingdom of God’s beloved Son. In stripes above measure - Being beaten by the heathen, who had no particular rule according to which they scourged criminals; and we find, from Act 16:22, Act 16:23, that they beat Paul unmercifully with many stripes. See the note on Act 16:22. In prisons more frequent - See Act 21:11, and the whole of the apostle’s history; and his long imprisonment of at least two years at Rome, Act 28:16, Act 28:30. It does not appear that there is any one instance of a false apostle having been imprisoned for the testimony of Christ; this was a badge of the true apostles. In deaths oft - That is, in the most imminent dangers. See 1Co 15:31; 2Co 4:11. And see the apostle’s history in the Acts.
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
Are they ministers of Christ? - Though Jews by birth yet they claimed to be the ministers of the Messiah. I speak as a fool - As if he had said, “Bear in mind, in what I am now about to say, that he who speaks is accused of being a fool in boasting.
The words behind it
19 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| διάκονοι | diakonoi | Servants | G1249 → | 29 times |
| Χριστοῦ | christou | of Christ | G5547 → | 523 times |
| εἰσιν; | eisin | are they? | G1510 → | 2333 times |
| παραφρονῶν | paraphronon | As being beside myself | G3912 → | |
| λαλῶ· | lalo | I speak; | G2980 → | 294 times |
| ὑπὲρ | huper | above [measure] | G5228 → | 155 times |
| ἐγώ. | ego | I myself[am]. | G1473 → | 839 times |
| ἐν | en | in | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| κόποις | kopois | labors | G2873 → | 18 times |
| περισσοτέρως, | perissoteros | more abundantly | G4056 → | 12 times |
| ἐν | en | in | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| φυλακαῖς | phulakais | imprisonments | G5438 → | |
| περισσοτέρως, | perissoteros | more abundantly, | G4056 → | 12 times |
| ἐν | en | in | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| πληγαῖς | plegais | beatings | G4127 → | |
| ὑπερβαλλόντως, | huperballontos | above measure, | G5234 → | |
| ἐν | en | in | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| θανάτοις | thanatois | deaths | G2288 → | 120 times |
| πολλάκις. | pollakis | often. | G4178 → | 18 times |
διάκονοιServants
diakonoiG1249 →29 times
Χριστοῦof Christ
christouG5547 →523 times
εἰσιν;are they?
eisinG1510 →2333 times
παραφρονῶνAs being beside myself
paraphrononG3912 →
λαλῶ·I speak;
laloG2980 →294 times
ὑπὲρabove [measure]
huperG5228 →155 times
ἐγώ.I myself[am].
egoG1473 →839 times
ἐνin
enG1722 →2738 times
κόποιςlabors
kopoisG2873 →18 times
περισσοτέρως,more abundantly
perissoterosG4056 →12 times
ἐνin
enG1722 →2738 times
φυλακαῖςimprisonments
phulakaisG5438 →
περισσοτέρως,more abundantly,
perissoterosG4056 →12 times
ἐνin
enG1722 →2738 times
πληγαῖςbeatings
plegaisG4127 →
ὑπερβαλλόντως,above measure,
huperballontosG5234 →
ἐνin
enG1722 →2738 times
θανάτοιςdeaths
thanatoisG2288 →120 times
πολλάκις.often.
pollakisG4178 →18 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
1 Corinthians 15:10But by the grace of God I am what I am, and His grace to me was not in vain. No, I worked harder than all of them—yet not I, but the grace of…
it leads to
- Philippians 4:13
I can do all things through Christ who gives me strength.
- 2 Corinthians 3:5
Not that we are competent in ourselves to claim that anything comes from us, but our competence comes from God.
- Philippians 2:13
For it is God who works in you to will and to act on behalf of His good purpose.
- Ephesians 3:7–8
I became a servant of this gospel by the gift of God’s grace, given me through the working of His power.
- Ephesians 2:7–8
in order that in the coming ages He might display the surpassing riches of His grace, demonstrated by His kindness to us in Christ Jesus.
- Philippians 4:13
Through
Colossians 1:24Now I rejoice in my sufferings for you, and I fill up in my flesh what is lacking in regard to Christ’s afflictions for the sake of His body, which is the church.
it leads to
- Romans 5:3
Not only that, but we also rejoice in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance;
- 2 Timothy 1:8
So do not be ashamed of the testimony of our Lord, or of me, His prisoner. Instead, join me in suffering for the gospel by the power of God.
- 2 Corinthians 1:5–8
For just as the sufferings of Christ overflow to us, so also through Christ our comfort overflows.
- Romans 5:3
Where this verse is studied
About 2 Corinthians

This page draws on 13 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrosiaster, COMMENTARY ON PAUL'S EPISTLES; Charles Hodge, An Exposition of the Second Epistle to the Corinthians; Clement of Alexandria, The Stromata Book 4; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Chrysostom, HOMILIES ON GENESIS 55; John Chrysostom, Homily 25 on 2 Corinthians; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Tertullian, Scorpiace; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on 2 Corinthians and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on 2 Corinthians.
