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1 Samuel 20:32

in 1 Samuel 20

“Why must he be put to death?” Jonathan replied. “What has he done?”

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

And Jonathan answered Saul his father, and said unto him, Wherefore should he be put to death? what hath he done?

KJV

And Jonathan answered Saul his father, and said unto him, Wherefore shall he be slain? what hath he done?

This verse in 1 Samuel 20

Commentary

7 notes on this verse

This site's exposition

What has he done

on 1 Samuel 20:32-34

Jonathan asks what David has done and gets no answer in words. Saul hurls his spear at his own son, the weapon thrown at David at 18:11 and 19:10. Jonathan leaves the table "in fierce anger," and the text says he was "grieved by his father’s shameful treatment of David."

The record, by era

The Church Fathers3 voices

A commentator

Ambrose of Milan

On the Duties of the Clergy 2.7.36 · Written before 397.

proposed

Who would not have loved him [David], when they saw how dear he was to his friends? For as he truly loved his friends, so he thought that he was loved as much in return by his own friends. No, parents put him even before their own children, and children loved him more than their parents. Therefore Saul was very angry and strove to strike Jonathan his son with a spear because he thought that David's friendship held a higher place in his esteem than either filial piety or a father's authority.

A commentator

John Chrysostom

HOMILIES ON 1 CORINTHIANS 33.2 · Written before 407.

proposed

For love "doth nothing unseemly," but as it were with certain golden wings covereth up all the offences of the beloved. Jonathan loved David; and hearing his father say, "Thou son of damsels that have run away from their homes, thou womanly bred," he was not ashamed, though the words be full of great reproach. For what he means is this: "Thou son of mean harlots who are mad after men, who run after the passers-by, thou unnerved and effeminate wretch, who hast nothing of a man, but livest to the shame of thyself and the mother who bare thee." What then? Did he grieve at these things, and hide his face, and turn away from his beloved? Nay, quite the contrary; he displayed his fondness as an ornament. And yet the one was at that time a king, and a king's son, even Jonathan; the other a fugitive and a wanderer, I mean, David. But not even thus was he ashamed of his friendship. "For love doth not behave itself unseemly." Yea, this is its wonderful quality that not only it suffers not the injured to grieve and feel galled, but even disposes him to rejoice. Accordingly, he too, of whom we are speaking, after all these things, just as though he had a crown put on him, went away and fell on David's neck. For love knows not what sort of thing shame may be. Therefore it glories in those things for which another hides his face. Since the shame is, not to know how to love; not, when thou lovest, to incur danger and endure all for the beloved.

A commentator

Ambrose of Milan

On the Duties of the Clergy 3.21.124 · Written before 397.

proposed

For that commendable friendship which maintains virtue is to be preferred most certainly to wealth or honors or power. It is not apt to be preferred to virtue indeed, but to follow after it. So it was with Jonathan, who for his affection's sake avoided neither his father's displeasure nor the danger to his own safety.

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on Samuel · Written before 735.

proposed

But Jonathan answering his father Saul, said, etc. The assembly of the faithful in Christ, answering the unbelievers, said: Why does the Christian religion perish? Why is Christ Himself torn apart by you with a rapid bite, whom the governor himself, who gave Him over …

The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

), Wherefore shall he be slain? Generous spirits can much more easily bear to be abused themselves than to hear their friends abused. Saul was now so outrageous that he threw his javelin at Jonathan,

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-punctuation+unbalanced-parens

1 more voice on this verse

The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice

And Jonathan answered Saul his, father, and said unto him,....

The words behind it

11 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיַּ֙עַן֙and he answered

    vaiyaanH6030 →331 times

  • יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ןJonathan

    yehonatanH3083 →81 times

  • אֶת־<obj.>

    ʾet-H853 →10935 times

  • שָׁא֖וּלSaul

    shaulH7586 →402 times

  • אָבִ֑יוfather his

    ʾavivH1 →1212 times

  • וַיֹּ֧אמֶרand he said

    vaiyomerH559 →5305 times

  • אֵלָ֛יוto him

    ʾelavH413 →5510 times

  • לָ֥מָּה<to> why?

    lamahH4100 →752 times

  • יוּמַ֖תwill he be put to death

    yumatH4191 →839 times

  • מֶ֥הwhat?

    mehH4100 →752 times

  • עָשָֽׂה׃has he done

    ʾasahH6213 →2628 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Proverbs 22:24

    Do not make friends with an angry man, and do not associate with a hot-tempered man,

    it leads to

    • Proverbs 29:22

      An angry man stirs up dissension, and a hot-tempered man abounds in transgression.

    • 2 Corinthians 6:14–17

      Do not be unequally yoked with unbelievers. For what partnership can righteousness have with wickedness? Or what fellowship does light have with darkness?

    • Proverbs 21:24

      Mocker is the name of the proud and arrogant man—of him who acts with excessive pride.

  • Through

    1 Samuel 19:5

    He took his life in his hands when he struck down the Philistine, and the LORD worked a great salvation for all Israel. You saw it and rejoiced, so why would you sin against…

    it leads to

    • 1 Samuel 11:13

      But Saul ordered, “No one shall be put to death this day, for today the LORD has worked salvation in Israel.”

    • 1 Chronicles 11:14

      But Eleazar and David stationed themselves in the middle of the field and defended it. They struck down the Philistines, and the LORD brought about a great victory.

    • Judges 9:17

      for my father fought for you and risked his life to deliver you from the hand of Midian,

    • Matthew 27:4

      “I have sinned by betraying innocent blood,” he said. “What is that to us?” they replied. “You bear the responsibility.”

    • Acts 20:24

      But I consider my life of no value to me, if only I may finish my course and complete the ministry I have received from the Lord Jesus—the ministry of testifying to the good…

Where this verse is studied

About 1 Samuel

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Ambrose of Milan, On the Duties of the Clergy 2.7.36; Ambrose of Milan, On the Duties of the Clergy 3.21.124; Bede, Commentary on Samuel; John Chrysostom, HOMILIES ON 1 CORINTHIANS 33.2; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.