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Matthew

Summary

Chapter summary

Giving, prayer, and fasting. All done for God's eye, not man's. The Lord's Prayer. Treasures in heaven, single eye, two masters. Do not be anxious; consider the lilies of the field; seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things shall be added unto you.

Context

Gospel · MatthewMatthew overview

  • A. 1–4 Giving Where Only the Father Sees
  • B. 5–15 How to Pray, and the Prayer He Gave
  • C. 16–18 Fasting Without a Sad Face
  • D. 19–24 Treasure in Heaven and a Single Master
  • E. 25–34 Do Not Be Anxious: Look at the Birds

The outline

  1. A.Giving Where Only the Father Seesvv. 1 to 4

    Read vv. 1 to 4
  2. B.How to Pray, and the Prayer He Gavevv. 5 to 15

    Read vv. 5 to 15
  3. C.Fasting Without a Sad Facevv. 16 to 18

    Read vv. 16 to 18
  4. D.Treasure in Heaven and a Single Mastervv. 19 to 24

    Read vv. 19 to 24
  5. E.Do Not Be Anxious: Look at the Birdsvv. 25 to 34

    Read vv. 25 to 34

The world behind this chapter

Matthew 6
When
The Galilean ministry · c. AD 28
Where
The same hillside, with the temple, the synagogue, and the village market in view of every hearer
Who first heard it
Jewish hearers for whom giving, prayer, and fasting were the three pillars of piety

The history

Giving to the poor was organised, not casual. The temple treasury held trumpet-shaped collection chests, and synagogues ran a weekly fund and a daily food distribution. A man who wanted his gift noticed had plenty of public places to make it.

Prayer had fixed hours, and pious Jews prayed standing, often in the synagogue or wherever the hour found them — including a street corner. Fasting on the appointed days was marked by unwashed faces and ashes, so a man who wanted credit for it simply had to skip the wash.

The sayings about treasure describe how wealth was actually held. Much of a family's savings sat in fine clothing, which moths ate; the rest in metal, which corroded. Village houses had walls of mud brick, so a thief did not pick a lock — he dug through the wall, which is exactly what the word means.

The last picture is a Galilean field in spring: wild flowers everywhere for a few weeks, then dried and pulled up as fuel for the clay bread oven. That is the point of the comparison — God dresses in glory something that will be burned by Friday.

What it meant to them

The chapter reframes religion as an audience problem. Every act named here was praised in that society; Jesus says the applause is the payment, collected in full, and nothing further is owing.

For readers who had lost standing in their community for following Jesus, the promise of a Father who sees in secret was not a nice sentiment. It was the only reward left to them, and Jesus says it is the real one.

Sources cited

Every work MannaFest builds on →

The text of this chapter

This site records the readings below for this chapter. Spelling and word-order differences that change no meaning are passed over.

  • Matthew 6:13

    "For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory"

    The ending everyone says out loud is missing from the earliest manuscripts of Matthew, but it is not a modern flourish either: the church was already praying a doxology at the end of the Lord's Prayer by around AD 100.

    What the manuscripts read here →

Connections from this chapter

v. 14 · Written to them

If ye forgive not: Father will not forgive

topics/forgiveness

MannaFest topical index

v. 25 · Written to them

Take no thought for the morrow

topics/anxiety

MannaFest topical index

This page draws on Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory; John Calvin, Commentaries; John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the New Testament and Matthew Henry, Complete Commentary.