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1 Chronicles

Summary

Chapter summary

David gives first, out of his own treasure of gold of Ophir and refined silver, then asks, 'Who then offereth willingly to consecrate himself this day unto Jehovah?' The princes and rulers give by the talent and the daric, and the people rejoice because they offered willingly. The closing prayer is the summit of the book: 'Thine, O Jehovah, is the greatness, and the power, and the glory, and the victory, and the majesty… But who am I, and what is my people… for all things come of thee, and of thine own have we given thee.' We are strangers and sojourners, our days as a shadow. Solomon is made king, and David dies full of days, riches, and honor.

Context

History · Ezra1 Chronicles overview

  • A. 1–9 The people offer willingly, and rejoice to see it
  • B. 10–19 All things come of Thee: David blesses the LORD aloud
  • C. 20–25 Solomon anointed and magnified before all Israel
  • D. 26–30 David dies full of days, riches, and honor

The outline

  1. A.The people offer willingly, and rejoice to see itvv. 1 to 9

    Read vv. 1 to 9
  2. B.All things come of Thee: David blesses the LORD aloudvv. 10 to 19

    Read vv. 10 to 19
  3. C.Solomon anointed and magnified before all Israelvv. 20 to 25

    Read vv. 20 to 25
  4. D.David dies full of days, riches, and honorvv. 26 to 30

    Read vv. 26 to 30

The world behind this chapter

1 Chronicles 29
When
The great offering, David's prayer, and Solomon enthroned · c. 970 BC
Where
The assembly in Jerusalem, with the treasure for the temple heaped before the people
Who first heard it
A congregation bringing offerings to a far poorer house

The history

David gives from his own treasure first and then asks the question that makes the whole scene work: 'Who then is willing to consecrate his service this day to the LORD?' The leaders answer, and the writer lists what came in — gold, silver, bronze, iron, and precious stones handed to the keeper of the treasury.

One unit in that list is a small window into the writer's own day. Alongside the ancient talents he names darics, a Persian gold coin first struck in the reign of Darius, centuries after David. That is not an error; it is a translation. The old weights meant nothing to a farmer in Persian Yehud, so the amounts were converted into the money in his pocket, the way an old sum is quoted in today's currency.

Gold 'of Ophir' names a real source. Ophir was a trading destination reached by sea from the Gulf of Aqaba, most likely on the Arabian or East African coast, and a shipping label found at an Israelite site records a consignment of 'gold of Ophir' — the phrase was a grade, like a hallmark.

Solomon is then anointed 'a second time,' and Zadok anointed as priest alongside him. The first anointing, and the palace crisis that forced it, belongs to the account in Kings; here the writer shows only the public, orderly ceremony in which all Israel obeyed and the officials and even David's other sons submitted.

What it meant to them

David's prayer is the theology of every offering the first hearers ever brought: 'All things come of thee, and of thine own have we given thee.' Their gifts were small and the sentence still fit exactly.

So did the next line — 'we are strangers before thee, and sojourners, as were all our fathers; our days on the earth are as a shadow.' A people who had been literal strangers in Babylon heard the greatest king in their history describe himself the same way.

Sources cited

  • Roland de Vaux, Ancient Israel: Its Life and Institutions
  • K. A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament

Every work MannaFest builds on →

The text of this chapter

This page carries no textual note on 1 Chronicles 29. Where this site has examined a place the manuscripts differ, the examination is in the manuscripts room. Every place this site examines →

This page draws on Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory; John Wesley, Notes on the Old Testament and Matthew Henry, Complete Commentary.