Jeremiah 15:9
in Jeremiah 15The mother of seven will grow faint; she will breathe her last breath. Her sun will set while it is still day; she will be disgraced and humiliated. And the rest I will put to the sword in the presence of their enemies,” declares the LORD.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
She that hath borne seven languisheth; she hath given up the ghost; her sun is gone down while it was yet day; she hath been put to shame and confounded: and the residue of them will I deliver to the sword before their enemies, saith Jehovah.
KJV
She that hath borne seven languisheth: she hath given up the ghost; her sun is gone down while it was yet day: she hath been ashamed and confounded: and the residue of them will I deliver to the sword before their enemies, saith the Lord.
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This verse in Jeremiah 15
Commentary
11 notes on this verseA commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
She hath been ashamed - Or, “is ashamed.” To a Hebrew mother to be childless was a disgrace. Many consider that Jer 15:7-9 refer to the battle of Megiddo, and depict the consternation of Jerusalem at that sad event. If so, in the sun going down while it was day, there will be a reference to the eclipse on September 30, 610 b.c.
This site's exposition
Who will have pity on you, O Jerusalem
on Jeremiah 15:5-9
The questions of verse 5 picture a city so friendless that no one will “turn aside to ask about your welfare”. The words “I am weary of showing compassion” follow the charge “You have turned your back”. Widows and “a destroyer at noon” describe a ruin that comes in daylight.
This site's exposition
The mother of seven will grow faint
Adam Clarke takes seven as a full number, and Wesley reads it as many children. Barnes explains that a childless mother bore disgrace in Israel. Her sun sets while it is still day, and Jamieson, Fausset and Brown read it as fortune leaving her at the height of her prosperity.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers3 voices
(Verse 9) She has been weakened (or cast aside, or made empty) who gave birth to seven (or many); her soul has failed: the sun has set upon her while it was still day (or midday). She is confused and ashamed: and I will give her remaining ones into the sword in the sight of their enemies, says the Lord. We have often said that the Hebrew word Saba () can mean either seven, or oath, or many. Therefore, there is also a different interpretation: Aquila, the Seventy, and Theodotion translate as seven; Symmachus, as many. Therefore, she who was once wealthy and had children became suddenly bereft and perished in clear light, and she was confused in the solitude of herself. But the remainder, he said, I will deliver to the sword, so that no one may escape the death and wrath of God. Others attribute it to the Synagogue, which was weakened, so that the multitude of the Church might grow; according to what is written: The barren woman has borne seven, or more: and she who had many children was weakened (1 Samuel 2:5). And the sun of justice sets upon him, in whose wings is health (Malachi 4); and therefore it is covered with eternal confusion, destroying its people with a spiritual sword.
A commentator
Lucius Caecilius Firmianus LactantiusDIVINE INSTITUTES 4:19 · Written before 325.
proposed
What more can now be said respecting the crime of the Jews, than that they were then blinded and seized with incurable madness, who read these things daily and yet neither understood them nor were able to be on their guard so as not to do them? Therefore, being lifted up and nailed to the cross, Jesus cried to the Lord with a loud voice and of his own accord gave up his spirit. At the same hour there was an earthquake. The veil of the temple, which separated the two tabernacles, was torn into two parts. The sun suddenly withdrew its light, and there was darkness from the sixth even to the ninth hour. Of this event the prophet Amos testifies, "And it shall come to pass in that day, says the Lord that the sun shall go down at noon, and the daylight shall be darkened. I will turn your feasts into mourning and your songs into lamentation." Also Jeremiah: "She who brings forth is afraid and vexed in spirit. Her sun is gone down while it was yet noon. She has been ashamed and confounded. The residue of them will I give to the sword in the sight of their enemies."
A commentator
CyprianTreatise XII. Three Books of Testimonies Against the Jews 2:23 · Written before 258.
proposed
The Scriptures prophesied that at noon in Christ's passion there should be darkness. In Amos it says, "And it shall come to pass in that day, says the Lord, the sun shall set at noon, and the day of light shall be darkened. I will turn your feast days into grief and all your songs into lamentation." Also in Jeremiah: "She is frightened that has borne children, and her soul has grown weary. Her sun has gone down while as yet it was noon. She has been confounded and accursed. I will give the rest of them to the sword in the sight of their enemies." Also in the Gospel: "Now from the sixth hour there was darkness over all the earth even to the ninth hour."
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
A dreadful slaughter is here described. First, The wives are deprived of their husbands: Their widows are increased above the sand of the seas, so numerous have they now grown. It was promised that the men of Israel (for those only were numbered) should be as the sand of the sea for multitude; but now they shall be all cut off, and their widows shall be so.
Seven - Seven signifies many: the prophet complains, that the country of Judah, that had been very numerous in people, now grew feeble. While - In the midst of her prosperity. Confounded - A part of them were confounded by the judgments of God which came upon them before their captivity.
3 more voices on this verse
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
She that hath borne seven languisheth,.... Either the mother that has borne many children, seven being put for a large number, now being able to bear no more, and being bereaved of what she had, and who were her staff and support, and from whom she had her expectation, faints away, and dies through grief and trouble; or Jerusalem, which formerly abounded with young men, is now in a forlorn and destitute state; her children, the inhabitants of it, being slain with the sword, or dying of famine and the pestilence. In the Talmud (i), this is interpreted of seven wicked kings of Israel, as Jeroboam, Baasha, Ahab, Jehu, Pekah, Menahem, and Hoshea; and elsewhere of seven kings of Judah, thus reckoned, Jehoram, Joash, Ahaz, Manasseh, Amon, Jehoiakim, and Zedekiah (k): she hath given up the ghost; or, "blew out her soul (l)"; her breath departs; no life can be kept in her; she faints away at the calamities coming on her: her sun is gone down while it was yet day; the darkness of affliction, and the evening of distress and calamity came upon her sooner than was expected, while in the midst of peace and prosperity that was promised, and hoped to be enjoyed for a long time to come; see Amo 8:9, she hath been ashamed and confounded; of her vain hope, trust, and confidence: and the residue of them will I deliver to the sword before their enemies, saith the Lord; that is; such who died not of the famine and pestilence, but at the breaking up of the city endeavoured to make their escape, these fell into the hands of the enemy, and perished by the sword, as the Lord here predicts; for whatsoever he says certainly comes to pass. (i) T. Bab. Gittin, fol. 88. 1. (k) Vid. Jarchi & Abendana in loc. (l) נפחה נפשה "efflabit animam suam", Junius & Tremellius, Piscator; "exspiravit animam suam", Cocceius.
The Nineteenth Century2 voices
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
Seven being the perfect number indicates full fruitfulness. languisheth--because not even one is left of all her sons (Jer 15:8). sun is gone down while . . . yet day--Fortune deserts her at the very height of her prosperity (Am 8:9). she . . . ashamed--The mothers (she being collective) are put to the shame of disappointed hopes through the loss of all their children.
She that hath borne seven - She that hath had a numerous offspring; Jerusalem, the parent of so many cities, villages, and families in the land. Seven signifies a complete or full number.
How the passage was read
What the Jewish commentators add
On the verses either side of this one
Woe is to me, my mother Jeremiah was complaining about himself, that his townsmen hated him because of his castigations.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 4 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.
The words behind it
18 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| אֻמְלְלָ֞ה | ʾumlelah | she has grown feeble | H535 → | |
| יֹלֶ֣דֶת | yoledet | [one who] bore | H3205 → | 496 times |
| הַשִּׁבְעָ֗ה | hashivah | <the> seven [children] | H7651 → | 394 times |
| נָפְחָ֥ה | nafechah | it has panted | H5301 → | |
| נַפְשָׁ֛הּ | nafshah | breath her | H5315 → | 754 times |
| בָּ֥א | baah' | it went | H935 → | 2568 times |
| שִׁמְשָׁ֛הּ | shimshah | sun her | H8121 → | 134 times |
| בְּעֹ֥ד | beod | while still | H5750 → | 490 times |
| יוֹמָ֖ם | yomam | by day | H3119 → | 50 times |
| בּ֣וֹשָׁה | booshah | she is ashamed | H954 → | 127 times |
| וְחָפֵ֑רָה | vechaferah | and she is abashed | H2659 → | |
| וּשְׁאֵֽרִיתָ֗ם | usheeritam | and remnant their | H7611 → | 66 times |
| לַחֶ֧רֶב | lacherev | to the sword | H2719 → | 413 times |
| אֶתֵּ֛ן | ʾeten | I will give | H5414 → | 2011 times |
| לִפְנֵ֥י | lifnei | <to> before | H6440 → | 2123 times |
| אֹיְבֵיהֶ֖ם | ʾoyeveihem | enemies their | H341 → | 282 times |
| נְאֻם־ | neum- | [the] utterance of | H5002 → | 376 times |
| יְהוָֽה׃ ס | yahweh | Yahweh | H3068 → | 6520 times |
אֻמְלְלָ֞הshe has grown feeble
ʾumlelahH535 →
יֹלֶ֣דֶת[one who] bore
yoledetH3205 →496 times
הַשִּׁבְעָ֗ה<the> seven [children]
hashivahH7651 →394 times
נָפְחָ֥הit has panted
nafechahH5301 →
נַפְשָׁ֛הּbreath her
nafshahH5315 →754 times
בָּ֥אit went
baah'H935 →2568 times
שִׁמְשָׁ֛הּsun her
shimshahH8121 →134 times
בְּעֹ֥דwhile still
beodH5750 →490 times
יוֹמָ֖םby day
yomamH3119 →50 times
בּ֣וֹשָׁהshe is ashamed
booshahH954 →127 times
וְחָפֵ֑רָהand she is abashed
vechaferahH2659 →
וּשְׁאֵֽרִיתָ֗םand remnant their
usheeritamH7611 →66 times
לַחֶ֧רֶבto the sword
lacherevH2719 →413 times
אֶתֵּ֛ןI will give
ʾetenH5414 →2011 times
לִפְנֵ֥י<to> before
lifneiH6440 →2123 times
אֹיְבֵיהֶ֖םenemies their
ʾoyeveihemH341 →282 times
נְאֻם־[the] utterance of
neum-H5002 →376 times
יְהוָֽה׃ סYahweh
yahwehH3068 →6520 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
1 Samuel 2:5The well-fed hire themselves out for food, but the starving hunger no more. The barren woman gives birth to seven, but she who has many sons pines away.
it leads to
- Psalms 113:9
He settles the barren woman in her home as a joyful mother to her children. Hallelujah!
- Luke 1:53
He has filled the hungry with good things, but has sent the rich away empty.
- Psalms 34:10
Young lions go lacking and hungry, but those who seek the LORD lack no good thing.
- Luke 16:25
But Abraham answered, ‘Child, remember that during your lifetime you received your good things, while Lazarus received bad things. But now he is comforted here, while you are in agony.
- Isaiah 54:1
“Shout for joy, O barren woman, who bears no children; break forth in song and cry aloud, you who have never travailed; because more are the children of the desolate woman than of her…
- Psalms 113:9
Through
Lamentations 1:1How lonely lies the city, once so full of people! She who was great among the nations has become a widow. The princess of the provinces has become a slave.
it leads to
- Isaiah 3:26
And the gates of Zion will lament and mourn; destitute, she will sit on the ground.
- 1 Kings 4:21
And Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt. These kingdoms offered tribute and served Solomon all the days of…
- Isaiah 3:26
Through
Isaiah 47:9These two things will overtake you in a moment, in a single day: loss of children, and widowhood. They will come upon you in full measure, in spite of your many sorceries and the…
it leads to
- Psalms 73:19
How suddenly they are laid waste, completely swept away by terrors!
- Psalms 73:19
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies1
About Jeremiah

This page draws on 11 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Carl Friedrich Keil, The Prophecies of Jeremiah; Cyprian, Treatise XII. Three Books of Testimonies Against the Jews 2:23; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Jeremiah; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Lucius Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius, DIVINE INSTITUTES 4:19 and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.
