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Judges 4:21

in Judges 4

But as he lay sleeping from exhaustion, Heber’s wife Jael took a tent peg, grabbed a hammer, and went silently to Sisera. She drove the peg through his temple and into the ground, and he died.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

Then Jael Heber’s wife took a tent-pin, and took a hammer in her hand, and went softly unto him, and smote the pin into his temples, and it pierced through into the ground; for he was in a deep sleep; so he swooned and died.

KJV

Then Jael Heber’s wife took a nail of the tent, and took an hammer in her hand, and went softly unto him, and smote the nail into his temples, and fastened it into the ground: for he was fast asleep and weary. So he died.

This verse in Judges 4

Commentary

10 notes on this verse
If we can overlook the treachery and violence which belonged to the morals of the age and country, and bear in mind Jael’s ardent sympathies with the oppressed people of God, her faith in the right of Israel to possess the land in which they were now slaves, her zeal for the glory of Yahweh as against the gods of Canaan, and the heroic courage and firmness with which she executed her deadly purpose, we shall be ready to yield to her the praise which is her due. See Jdg 3:30 note.

This site's exposition

a little water to drink

on Judges 4:19-21

He asks for water and is given milk, which 5:25 tells again as butter in a lordly dish, and Adam Clarke observes that giving more than was asked increased his confidence. The nail and the hammer are the gear of the tent, and pitching and striking a tent was women's work in a nomad camp, so the weapon is what was already in her hand. Serious readers stand apart on the act itself: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown call the taking of his life murder, Matthew Henry holds that she acted under a divine impulse as Ehud did in the chapter before, and Albert Barnes weighs the treachery of that age against her faith in Israel's right and gives her the praise he thinks due. Judges 5:24 blesses her above women in the tent, and this chapter reports the deed and passes no sentence on it.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers3 voices

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

HOMILIES ON JUDGES 5.5 · Written before 253.

proposed

What, therefore, does the web of all this mystical history show us? The woman Jael, that foreigner about whom Deborah's prophecy said that victory would be had "through the hand of a woman," symbolizes the church, which was assembled from foreign nations. But Jael's name means "ascent," for truly there is no route whereby one may ascend into heaven except "through the church of the manifold wisdom of God." She, therefore, while ascending from the corporeal to the spiritual and from the earthly to the heavenly, killed Sisera, who, as we have already said above, symbolizes the man of carnal or animal vices, for Sisera's name means "vision of a horse," concerning which Scripture teaches: "Do not become like horses and mules, in which there is no understanding." She killed him with a stake, then, which is to say that she overthrew him by the power and cunning of the wood of the cross. Nor is it without reason that the stake is described as having pierced his jaws, for that mouth which spoke of carnal things and that doctrine which preferred the glory of the flesh, deceiving and persuading the human race, by secular wisdom and by the idolatry of comfort, to live for selfish delights and pleasure, that very mouth, I say, is pierced and penetrated by the wood of the cross, in as much as the "broad and easy way" of pleasure which is preached by philosophy has been exposed by Christ, who showed that the "way of our salvation is narrow and difficult." [Thus], Jael the church sent Sisera the king of vices to his everlasting sleep covered with skins, that is, lulled to sleep by the mortification of his members.

A commentator

Salvian the Presbyter

THE GOVERNANCE OF GOD 7.8 · Written before 500.

proposed

We read that when God wished it clearly understood that great deeds were done by him, they were done through a few or through the lowliest, lest the work of his heavenly hand be attributed to human strength. In this way the leader Sisera, before …

A commentator

Ambrose of Milan

Concerning Widows 8.47-50 · Written before 397.

proposed

So, then, Deborah foretold the event of the battle. Barak, as he was bidden, led forth the army; Jael carried off the triumph, for the prophecy of Deborah fought for her, who in a mystery revealed to us the rising of the church from among the Gentiles, for whom should be found a triumph over Sisera, that is, over the powers opposed to her. For us, then, the oracles of the prophets fought, for us those judgments and arms of the prophets won the victory.

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

A nail of the tent - Wherewith they used to fasten the tent, which consequently was long and sharp. This might seem a very bold attempt, but it must be considered, that she was encouraged to it, by observing that the heavens and all the elements conspired against him, as one devoted to destruction.
Then Jael, Heber's wife, took a nail of the tent,....
3 more voices on this verse

The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

And, as to this act of Jael (like that of Ehud in the chapter before), we have reason to think she was conscious of such a divine impulse upon her spirit to do it as did abundantly satisfy herself (and it ought therefore to satisfy us) that it was well done. God's judgments are a great deep.

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

Then Jael took a nail of the tent--most probably one of the pins with which the tent ropes are fastened to the ground. Escape was almost impossible for Sisera. But the taking of his life by the hand of Jael was murder.

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

A nail of the tent - One of the spikes by which they fasten to the ground the cords which are attached to the cloth or covering. He was fast asleep and weary - As he lay on one side, and was overwhelmed with sleep through the heat and fatigues of the day, the piercing of his temples must have in a moment put him past resistance.

The words behind it

24 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַתִּקַּ֣חand she took

    vatikachH3947966 times

  • יָעֵ֣לJael

    yaelH32786 times

  • אֵֽשֶׁת־[the] wife of

    ʾeshet-H802781 times

  • חֶ֠בֶרHeber

    cheverH226811 times

  • אֶת־<obj.>

    ʾet-H85310935 times

  • יְתַ֨ד[the] peg of

    yetadH348925 times

  • הָאֹ֜הֶלthe tent

    haohelH168345 times

  • וַתָּ֧שֶׂםand she put

    vatasemH7760584 times

  • אֶת־<obj.>

    ʾet-H85310935 times

  • הַמַּקֶּ֣בֶתthe hammer

    hamakevetH4718

  • בְּיָדָ֗הּin hand her

    beyadahH30271618 times

  • וַתָּב֤וֹאand she went

    vatavo'H9352568 times

  • אֵלָיו֙to him

    ʾelavH4135510 times

  • בַּלָּ֔אטin <the> secrecy

    balatH3814

  • וַתִּתְקַ֤עand she drove

    vatitka'H862869 times

  • אֶת־<obj.>

    ʾet-H85310935 times

  • הַיָּתֵד֙the peg

    haiyatedH348925 times

  • בְּרַקָּת֔וֹin temple his

    berakatoH75415 times

  • וַתִּצְנַ֖חand it went down

    vatitznachH6795

  • בָּאָ֑רֶץin the ground

    baaretzH7762504 times

  • וְהֽוּא־and he

    vehu'-H19311879 times

  • נִרְדָּ֥ם[was] sleeping

    nirdamH7290

  • וַיָּ֖עַףand he was weary

    vaiyaafH5888

  • וַיָּמֹֽת׃and he died

    vaiyamotH4191839 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    1 Corinthians 1:27

    But God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong.

    it leads to

    • James 2:5

      Listen, my beloved brothers: Has not God chosen the poor of this world to be rich in faith and to inherit the kingdom He promised those who love Him?

    • Matthew 11:25

      At that time Jesus declared, “I praise You, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because You have hidden these things from the wise and learned, and revealed them to little children.

    • 1 Corinthians 1:20

      Where is the wise man? Where is the scribe? Where is the philosopher of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world?

    • Psalms 8:2

      From the mouths of children and infants You have ordained praise on account of Your adversaries, to silence the enemy and avenger.

    • Luke 21:15

      For I will give you speech and wisdom that none of your adversaries will be able to resist or contradict.

  • Through

    Psalms 3:7

    Arise, O LORD! Save me, O my God! Strike all my enemies on the jaw; break the teeth of the wicked.

    it leads to

    • Psalms 58:6

      O God, shatter their teeth in their mouths; O LORD, tear out the fangs of the lions.

    • Job 29:17

      I shattered the fangs of the unjust and snatched the prey from his teeth.

    • Job 16:10

      They open their mouths against me and strike my cheeks with contempt; they join together against me.

Where this verse is studied

About Judges

Jael Kills Sisera — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
Jael Kills Sisera — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
This page draws on 10 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Albert Barnes, Notes on the Old Testament; Ambrose of Milan, Concerning Widows 8.47-50; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, HOMILIES ON JUDGES 5.5 and Salvian the Presbyter, THE GOVERNANCE OF GOD 7.8.