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Isaiah 5:11

in Isaiah 5

Woe to those who rise early in the morning in pursuit of strong drink, who linger into the evening, to be inflamed by wine.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, that they may follow strong drink; that tarry late into the night, till wine inflame them!

KJV

Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, that they may follow strong drink; that continue until night, till wine inflame them!

This verse in Isaiah 5

Commentary

10 notes on this verse

A commentator

Jerome

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 420.

(Verse 11, 12.) Woe to those who rise early in the morning to pursue drunkenness, and continue drinking until evening, so that they are inflamed with wine. They have the lyre, the harp, the tambourine, and the flute at their feasts, but they do not regard the work of the Lord or consider the operation of His hands. Regarding drunkenness, which Aquila and Symmachus have interpreted as the Hebrew word Siceram, the LXX have rendered it as any drink that can intoxicate and overthrow one's mental state.

This site's exposition

Woe to those who rise early

on Isaiah 5:11-14

The second woe turns to drinking, men who rise early for strong drink and linger until wine inflames them. The charge falls on the blindness drink produces, a people entertained past noticing their own coming exile. Sheol "opens wide its enormous jaws," and down go the nobles and revelers.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers2 voices

Hear also the words of the prophecy, and the "Woe" which was proclaimed for gluttons, "Woe unto those who rise up early in the morning and pursue strong drink, and who tarry long over it in the evening while wine inflameth them. With harps, and …
Now this is the first lust which conquered the world, and because of it the first transgression of the law took place. Through it also the Prophet reproached the people, when he proclaimed, "Woe unto those who rise up early in the morning, and follow …

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 1274.

proposed

176. Woe to you that rise up early in the morning to follow drunkenness. Here he denounces their fault as to the abuse of food. And first, he denounces the fault, second, he threatens punishment, where it says, therefore is my people led away captive …

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

As Christ pronounces a woe against those that are rich, so also against those that laugh now and are full ( Luke vi. 24, 25 ), and fare sumptuously, Luke xvi. Who the sinners are against whom this woe is denounced.
Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning,....
3 more voices on this verse

The Nineteenth Century3 voices

Wo unto them - The prophet, having denounced “avarice,” proceeds now to another vice - that of “intemperance, or dissipation.” That rise up early ... - That rise “for this purpose,” when nothing else would rouse them. It may illustrate this somewhat, to remark, that it was not common among the ancients to become intoxicated at an early hour of the day; see the note at Act 2:15; compare 1Th 5:

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

Second Woe--against intemperance. early--when it was regarded especially shameful to drink (Ac 2:15; Banquets for revelry began earlier than usual (Ec 10:16, 17). strong drink--Hebrew, sichar, implying intoxication. continue--drinking all day till evening.

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

Wo unto them that rise up early - There is a likeness between this and the following passage of the prophet Amos, Amo 6:3-6, who probably wrote before Isaiah. If the latter be the copier, he seems hardly to have equalled the elegance of the original: - “Ye that put far away the evil day And affect the seat of violence; Who lie upon beds of ivory, And stretch yourselves upon your couches; And eat the lambs from the flock, And calves from the midst of the stall; Who chant to the sound of the viol, And like David invent for yourselves instruments of music; Who quaff wine in large bowls, And are anointed with the choicest ointments: But are not grieved for the affliction of Joseph.” Kimchi says, “they consider not the heavens nor their hosts: they pray not the morning nor the evening prayer unto the Lord.” Follow strong drink - Theodoret and Chrysostom on this place, both Syrians, and unexceptionable witnesses in what belongs to their own country, inform us that שכר shechar (σικερα in the Greek of both Testaments, rendered by us by the general term strong drink) meant properly palm wine, or date wine, which was and is still much in use in the Eastern countries. Judea was famous for the abundance and excellence of its palm trees; and consequently had plenty of this wine. “Fiunt (vina) et e pomis; primumque e palmis, quo Parthi et Indi utun tur, et oriens totus: maturarum modio in aquae congiis tribus macerato expressoque.” Plin. lib. 14:19. “Ab his cariotae [palmae] maxime celebrantur; et cibo quidem, sed et succo, uberrimae. Ex quibus praecipua vina orienti; iniqua capiti, unde porno nomen.” Id. 13:9. Καρος signifies stupefaction: and in Hebrew likewise the wine has its name from its remarkably inebriating quality.

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

On the verses either side of this one

For ten acres of vineyard And, because of the famine, the inhabitants of the house will be exiled, leaving no one dwelling in them.
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Isaiah 5:10:1, via Sefaria, The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
1 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
Because of the sin of not giving tithes, the place of ten acres of vineyard shall produce one bath; and the place where a cor of seed was sown shall produce three measures.
Targum · Targum Jonathan on Isaiah 5:10, via Sefaria, London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 2 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

9 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • ה֛וֹיwoe to!

    hoH1945 →51 times

  • מַשְׁכִּימֵ֥י[those who] rise early

    mashkimeiH7925 →

  • בַבֹּ֖קֶרin the morning

    vabokerH1242 →214 times

  • שֵׁכָ֣רstrong drink

    shekharH7941 →23 times

  • יִרְדֹּ֑פוּthey pursue

    yirdofuH7291 →143 times

  • מְאַחֲרֵ֣י[those who] delay

    meachareiH309 →

  • בַנֶּ֔שֶׁףin the twilight

    vaneshefH5399 →12 times

  • יַ֖יִןwine

    yayinH3196 →141 times

  • יַדְלִיקֵֽם׃it inflames them

    yadlikemH1814 →

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Proverbs 20:1

    Wine is a mocker, strong drink is a brawler, and whoever is led astray by them is not wise.

    it leads to

    • Ephesians 5:18

      Do not get drunk on wine, which leads to reckless indiscretion. Instead, be filled with the Spirit.

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • Isaiah 28:7

      These also stagger from wine and stumble from strong drink: Priests and prophets reel from strong drink and are befuddled by wine. They stumble because of strong drink, muddled in their visions and stumbling…

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • Hosea 4:11

      Promiscuity, wine, and new wine take away understanding.

    • 1 Corinthians 6:10

      nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor verbal abusers, nor swindlers, will inherit the kingdom of God.

    • Proverbs 31:4

      It is not for kings, O Lemuel, it is not for kings to drink wine, or for rulers to crave strong drink,

  • Through

    Romans 13:13

    Let us behave decently, as in the daytime, not in carousing and drunkenness, not in sexual immorality and debauchery, not in dissension and jealousy.

    it leads to

    • Galatians 5:21

      and envy; drunkenness, orgies, and the like. I warn you, as I did before, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.

    • 1 Thessalonians 4:3–5

      For it is God’s will that you should be holy: You must abstain from sexual immorality;

    • 1 Peter 4:3–5

      For you have spent enough time in the past carrying out the same desires as the Gentiles: living in debauchery, lust, drunkenness, orgies, carousing, and detestable idolatry.

Where this verse is studied

About Isaiah

The Prophet Isaiah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
The Prophet Isaiah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
This page draws on 10 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Isaiah; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Philoxenus of Mabbug, 13 Ascetic Discourses, Discourse 10 -- On Gluttony; Philoxenus of Mabbug, 13 Ascetic Discourses, Discourse 11 -- On Abstinence and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Isaiah.