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Isaiah 1:25

in Isaiah 1

I will turn My hand against you; I will thoroughly purge your dross; I will remove all your impurities.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

and I will turn my hand upon thee, and thoroughly purge away thy dross, and will take away all thy tin;

KJV

And I will turn my hand upon thee, and purely purge away thy dross, and take away all thy tin:

This verse in Isaiah 1

Commentary

11 notes on this verse

A commentator

Jerome

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 420.

(Verse 25) And I will turn my hand against you; and I will thoroughly purge away your dross and take away all your alloy. Regarding the dross, which Symmachus interpreted as 'στέμφυλα' (clusters of grapes), Aquila as 'γιγαρτῶδες' (bunch of grapes), and Theodotion as 'acinum uvae' (grape kernel), the Septuagint alone, translating more the sense than the words, understood it as 'unbelievers' or 'disobedient ones'.

This site's exposition

Therefore saith the Lord, the Lord of hosts, the mighty One of Israel

on Isaiah 1:24-26

Therefore saith the Lord, the Lord of hosts, the mighty One of Israel stacks divine titles the way verse four stacked indictments, and what follows is announced as relief from adversaries rather than mere anger. The purging is smelting language, the Lord promising to purely purge away thy dross and take away all thy tin, the refiner's fire the prophets return to again when a nation's corruption runs to its very metal. Verse twenty six answers verse twenty one directly, the judges restored as at the first bring back the title lost, thou shalt be called the city of righteousness, the faithful city.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers3 voices

A commentator

Jerome

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 420.

proposed

(Verse 25) And I will turn my hand against you; and I will thoroughly purge away your dross and take away all your alloy. Regarding the dross, which Symmachus interpreted as 'στέμφυλα' (clusters of grapes), Aquila as 'γιγαρτῶδες' (bunch of grapes), and Theodotion as 'acinum uvae' (grape kernel), the Septuagint alone, translating more the sense than the words, understood it as 'unbelievers' or 'disobedient ones'. For after he had said, 'Your silver has become dross,' he now uses a metaphor, that he may stretch out his hand over it, that is, extend his hand for punishment and cleansing, and purge away all the filth and vices of sins, so that, the alloy being separated, pure silver may remain, which cannot be made without fire, through which he signifies that they will suffer torments. We also read in Malachi about the Lord: He will come forth like a flame of a smelting furnace, and like the herb of the fullers, and He will sit refining and purifying like silver and gold; and He will purify the sons of Levi (Malachi 3:2-3), so that after they have been cleansed, it may be said of them: And they shall be the Lord's offering in righteousness. Ezekiel also says that the whole house of Israel is mixed with brass, iron, lead, and tin, and needs to be purified; so that after it has been purified, it may recognize that He is the Lord (Ezekiel 22:18). But also in the Gospel under another metaphor the same meaning is shown: Whose fan is in his hand, and he will thoroughly cleanse his floor and gather his wheat into the barn; but the chaff he will burn with unquenchable fire. (Matthew 3:12).

A commentator

John Cassian

CONFERENCE 6:11.2 · Written before 435.

proposed

This occurs for the sake of cleansing, however, when he humbles his righteous ones for their small and as it were insignificant sins or because of their proud purity, giving them over to various trials in order to purge away now all the unclean thoughts … which he sees have collected in their inmost being, and in order to submit them like pure gold to the judgment to come, permitting nothing to remain in them that the searching fire of judgment might afterwards find to purge with penal torment.

A commentator

John Chrysostom

HOMILIES ON 2 CORINTHIANS 5:3 · Written in the 5th century.

proposed

"For we are not as the rest, which corrupt the word of God." `For even if we use great sounding words, yet we declared nothing to be our own that we achieved, but all Christ's. For we will not imitate the false apostles; the men who say that most is of themselves.' For this is "to corrupt," when one adulterates the wine; when one sells for money what he ought to give freely. For he seems to me to be here both taunting them in respect to money, and again hinting at the very thing I have said, as that they mingle their own things with God's; which is the charge Isaiah brings when he said, "Thy vintners mingle wine with water:" for even if this was said of wine, yet one would not err in expounding it of doctrine too. `But we,' saith he, `do not so: but such as we have been entrusted with, such do we offer you, pouring out the word undiluted.'

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 1274.

proposed

61. And I will turn my hand to you. Here he threatens the punishment of the subjects. And first is set out the preparation of the one who punishes, where it says, and I will turn my hand to you, to punish, which, in sparing …

The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

): " I will purely purge away thy dross. I will amend what is amiss. Vice and profaneness shall be suppressed and put out of countenance, oppressors displaced, and deprived of their power to do mischief." When things are ever so bad God can set them to rights, and bring about a complete reformation; when he begins he will make an end, will take away all the tin.

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-punctuation+unbalanced-parens

4 more voices on this verse

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

proposed

And purge - I will purge out of thee, those wicked men that are incorrigible, and for those of you that are curable, I will by my word, and by the furnace of affliction, purge out all that corruption that yet remains in you.
And I will turn my hand upon thee,....

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

And I will turn my hand upon thee - This expression is capable of two significations. The hand may be stretched out for two purposes, either to inflict punishment, or to afford help and protection. The phrase here refers evidently to the latter, to the act of redeeming and restoring his people, Isa 1:26-27. The idea may be thus expressed: ‘I will stretch out my hand to punish my enemies Isa 1:24, and will turn my hand upon thee for protection, and recovery.’ Purge away - This refers to the process of smelting, or purifying metals in the fire.

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

I will turn my hand upon thee - So the common version; and this seems to be a metaphor taken from the custom of those who, when the metal is melted, strike off the scoriae with their hand previously to its being poured out into the mould. I have seen this done with the naked hand, and no injury whatever sustained. Purge away thy dross “In the furnace” - The text has כבר cabbor, which some render “as with soap;” as if it were the same with כברית keborith; so Kimchi; but soap can have nothing to do with the purifying of metals. Others, “according to purity,” or “purely,” as our version. Le Clerc conjectured that the true reading is ככור kechur, “as in the furnace;” see Eze 22:18, Eze 22:20. Dr. Durell proposes only a transposition of letters בכר to the same sense; and so likewise Archbishop Secker. That this is the true reading is highly probable.

The words behind it

9 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וְאָשִׁ֤יבָהand I will turn

    veashivahH77251056 times

  • יָדִי֙hand my

    yadiH30271618 times

  • עָלַ֔יִךְon you

    ʾalayikhH59215755 times

  • וְאֶצְרֹ֥ףso I may refine

    veetzrofH688433 times

  • כַּבֹּ֖רlike <the> potash

    kaborH1253

  • סִיגָ֑יִךְdross<es> your

    sigayikhH5509

  • וְאָסִ֖ירָהand I will remove

    veasirahH5493299 times

  • כָּל־all

    kol-H36055413 times

  • בְּדִילָֽיִךְ׃slag<s> your

    bedilayikhH913

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Malachi 3:3

    And He will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver; He will purify the sons of Levi and refine them like gold and silver. Then they will present offerings to the LORD in…

    it leads to

    • Zechariah 13:9

      This third I will bring through the fire; I will refine them like silver and test them like gold. They will call on My name, and I will answer them. I will say, ‘They…

      Reached by 3 separate paths from here.

    • Proverbs 17:3

      A crucible for silver and a furnace for gold, but the LORD is the tester of hearts.

    • Hebrews 12:10

      Our fathers disciplined us for a short time as they thought best, but God disciplines us for our good, so that we may share in His holiness.

    • Daniel 12:10

      Many will be purified, made spotless, and refined, but the wicked will continue to act wickedly. None of the wicked will understand, but the wise will understand.

    • Ephesians 5:26–27

      to sanctify her, cleansing her by the washing with water through the word,

  • Through

    Isaiah 4:4

    when the Lord has washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion and cleansed the bloodstains from the heart of Jerusalem by a spirit of judgment and a spirit of fire.

    it leads to

    • Ezekiel 22:18–22

      “Son of man, the house of Israel has become dross to Me. All of them are copper, tin, iron, and lead inside the furnace; they are but the dross of silver.

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • Malachi 3:2–3

      But who can endure the day of His coming? And who can stand when He appears? For He will be like a refiner’s fire, like a launderer’s soap.

    • Ezekiel 36:25

      I will also sprinkle clean water on you, and you will be clean. I will cleanse you from all your impurities and all your idols.

Where this verse is studied

About Isaiah

The Prophet Isaiah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
The Prophet Isaiah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
This page draws on 11 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Isaiah; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Jamieson, Fausset and Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Isaiah; John Cassian, CONFERENCE 6:11.2; John Chrysostom, HOMILIES ON 2 CORINTHIANS 5:3; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Isaiah.