Hebrews 8:5
in Hebrews 8The place where they serve is a copy and shadow of what is in heaven. This is why Moses was warned when he was about to build the tabernacle: “See to it that you make everything according to the pattern shown you on the mountain.”
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
who serve that which is a copy and shadow of the heavenly things, even as Moses is warned of God when he is about to make the tabernacle: for, See, saith he, that thou make all things according to the pattern that was showed thee in the mount.
KJV
Who serve unto the example and shadow of heavenly things, as Moses was admonished of God when he was about to make the tabernacle: for, See, saith he, that thou make all things according to the pattern shewed to thee in the mount.
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This verse in Hebrews 8
Commentary
22 notes on this verseThe apostle says with reference to the law that they who have circumcision in the flesh "serve as the copy and shadow of heavenly things." And in another place, "is not our life on earth a shadow?"
This site's exposition
offer both gifts and sacrifices
on Hebrews 8:3-5
Every high priest offers gifts and sacrifices, so Christ too must have something to offer, His own blood. On earth He would not be a priest, since the law's priests already served. Their sanctuary is a copy and shadow of heaven, made to the pattern of Exodus 25:40.
This site's exposition
a copy and shadow of what is in heaven
John Wesley pictures the pattern as outlines pencilled on fine linen, leaves and flowers drawn before any colour is laid on. A shadow gives only the dim shape of a body. Jamieson, Fausset and Brown add that the mountain answers to heaven, as at Hebrews 12:22.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
Now if we correctly understand it, this is the statement Moses writes in the beginning of his book, when he says, "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." For this is the beginning of all creation: to this beginning the end and consummation of all things must return. That is, that heaven and earth may be the dwelling place and rest of the pious, so that all the saints and the meek may first obtain an inheritance in that earth, for this is the teaching of the law and the prophets and the gospel. In that earth I believe there exist, the true and living forms of worship which Moses handed down under the shadow of the law. For it is said that "they serve as a copy and shadow of the heavenly sanctuary"—that is, those who were in subjection in the law. To Moses himself it was also said, "See that you make everything according to the pattern which was shown you on the mountain." It seems to me, therefore, that on this earth the law was a kind of schoolmaster to those who by it were to be led to Christ and to be instructed and trained in order that, after the training of the law, they might more easily receive the more perfect precepts of Christ. So also that other earth, which receives into it all the saints, may first imbue and mould them by the precepts of the true and everlasting law, that they may more easily gain possession of those perfect precepts of heaven, to which nothing can be added. And in heaven there will truly be what is called the "eternal gospel" and that testament that is always new, which shall never grow old.
A commentator
Origen of AlexandriaCOMMENTARY ON THE GOSPEL OF JOHN 13.146 · Written before 253.
proposed
But who could more properly speak to us about who God is than the Son? "For no one knows the Father except the Son." We too aspire to know how God is Spirit as the Son reveals it and to worship God in the Spirit that gives life and not in the letter that kills. We want to honor God in truth and no longer in types, shadows and examples, even as the angels do not serve God in examples and the shadow of heavenly realities but in realities that belong to the spiritual and heavenly order, having a high priest of the order of Melchizedek as leader of the saving worship for those who need both the mystical and secret contemplation.
A commentator
Origen of AlexandriaCOMMENTARY ON THE GOSPEL OF JOHN 10.298-300 · Written before 253.
proposed
Since, however, "when he was raised from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this, and they believed the Scripture and the word which Jesus had spoken," we must admit, as far as the literal meaning is concerned, that, after the Lord was raised from the dead, the disciples understood that the things said about the temple refer to his passion and resurrection, and they recalled that the saying, "in three days I will raise it up" indicated the resurrection. It was then that "they believed both the Scripture and the word which Jesus had spoken," since there is no earlier testimony that they had believed the Scripture or this word which Jesus spoke. For faith is, strictly speaking, the acceptance with one's whole soul of the object of faith at baptism. But as for the anagogical meaning, since we previously mentioned the resurrection from the dead of the whole body of the Lord, we must know that the disciples—once they were reminded through the fulfillments of the Scripture which they had not thoroughly understood when they were in this life and once it was brought before their eyes and made manifest that it contained an example and shadow of certain heavenly things—believed what they formerly did not believe, and believed the word of Jesus as he who spoke it intended, which they had not understood before the resurrection.For how can one be said to believe the Scripture in the proper sense, when one does not perceive the meaning of the Holy Spirit in it which God wants to be believed, rather than the intent of the letter? According to this, we must say that none of those who walk according to the flesh believe in the spiritual meanings of the law, whose first principle they do not even imagine.
It is now time to show that the very name of Jesus, and especially that of Christ, had already been honored by the ancient God-loving prophets. Moses himself, having been the first to make known the name of Christ as being especially revered and glorious, having handed down the types and symbols of heavenly things and the mysterious images according to the oracle which said to him, "See that you make everything according to the pattern which was shown you on the mountain," and having consecrated a man high priest of God insofar as it was at all possible, calls this man Christ. That is, to this dignity of the high priesthood, which surpassed all preeminence among humans, he attaches for additional honor and glory the name of Christ. Thus, then, he indeed knew Christ as a being divine. And the same Moses by divine inspiration foresaw the name Jesus very clearly and again also endowed this with special privilege. The name of Jesus, which had never been uttered among people before it was made known to Moses, Moses applied first to this one alone, whom he knew, again as a type and a symbol, would receive the rule over all after his death. His successor … had never before used the title Jesus but had been called by another name, Hoshea, which his parents had bestowed upon him. He himself [the successor] proclaims Jesus, as a privilege of honor far greater than a royal crown, giving him the name because Jesus, the son of Nun, himself bore a remembrance to our Savior, who alone, after Moses and the completion of the symbolic worship transmitted by him, received the rule of the true and pure religion. And in this way Moses bestowed the name of our Savior Jesus Christ as a mark of the greatest honor upon the two men who in his time surpassed all the rest of the people in virtue and glory—the high priest and him who would rule after him.
A commentator
Ephrem the SyrianCOMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE HEBREWS · Written before 373.
proposed
Since they were in the darkness without a model, they managed their office according to a general affinity in divine matters. That is, all those ancient religious institutions were shadows and symbols of this institution of the church, which is established in its spirituality and …
14 more voices on this verse
The Church Fathers5 voices
The divine apostle, by "shadow of the heavenly things" referred to the worship according to the law and confirms his statement with a scriptural testimony.
We have neither devised fictions of our own nor invented new fables; but from revelation and from what God who created the world has ordained, have beheld the pattern of the whole world—namely the Tabernacle prepared by Moses, which the New Testament consistently with this …
But the other seven stars, which they call planets, Moses obscurely represented by placing seven lamps in the candlestick, which he placed in the south, so that it cast its light upon the table towards the north, while by the lamps he signified a week …
Here we must apply our minds attentively, and consider the Apostolic wisdom; for again he shows the difference of the Priesthood. "Who" (he says) "serve unto the example and shadow of heavenly things." What are the heavenly things he speaks of here? The spiritual things. For although they are done on earth, yet nevertheless they are worthy of the Heavens. For when our Lord Jesus Christ lies slain as a sacrifice, when the Spirit is with us, when He who sitteth on the right hand of the Father is here, when sons are made by the Washing, when they are fellow-citizens of those in Heaven, when we have a country, and a city, and citizenship there, when we are strangers to things here, how can all these be other than "heavenly things"? But what! Are not our Hymns heavenly? Do not we also who are below utter in concert with them the same things which the divine choirs of bodiless powers sing above? Is not the altar also heavenly? How? It hath nothing carnal, all spiritual things become the offerings. The sacrifice does not disperse into ashes, or into smoke, or into steamy savor, it makes the things placed there bright and splendid. How again can the rites which we celebrate be other than heavenly? For when He says, "Whose soever sins ye retain they are retained, whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted" (John xx. 23) when they have the keys of heaven, how can all be other than heavenly? "Who" (he says) "serve unto the example and shadow of heavenly things, as Moses was admonished of God, when he was about to make the tabernacle, for see, saith He, that thou make all things according to the pattern showed to thee in the mount." Inasmuch as our hearing is less ready of apprehension than our sight (for the things which we hear we do not in such wise lay up in our soul, as those which we see with our very eyes), He showed him all. […]
"who serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things." Those who are priests of the Jews, he says. And how do they serve as a copy and shadow of the heavenly things? For he says, "See that you make everything according to the pattern …
The Medieval Church2 voices
388. – But according to the first explanation the reading is continued in the following way: There would be many who according to the law would offer such gifts, namely, those who serve a copy [exemplar] and shadow of heavenly things. The sacraments of the …
Here he shows the superiority of Christ's priesthood, calling the Old Testament priesthood "a copy and shadow," while ours is heavenly. For when nothing is earthly, but rather everything in the sacraments is spiritual, where there are angelic hymns, where there are the keys of …
The Puritans and the Awakening4 voices
So that, if he had still continued on earth, he could not have been a perfect priest; and an imperfect one he could not be. The Old and New Covenant. 6 But now hath he obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon better promises.
quarantine:scripture (2026-07-29) — verbatim-run:27w-of-57
And now he hath obtained a more excellent ministry - His priesthood as much excels theirs, as the promises of the gospel (whereof he is a surety) excels those of the law. These better promises are specified, ver. 10, xi, those in the law were mostly temporal promises.
quarantine:anchor (2026-07-29) — cites-ver-10-anchored-5-5
Who serve unto the example and shadow of heavenly things,....
Largely illustrates the excellency of the priesthood of Christ, by considering the excellency of that new dispensation or covenant for which Christ is the Mediator,
The Nineteenth Century3 voices
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
But as in Heb 13:10, "serve the tabernacle," that is, do it service: so "serve (the tabernacle which is but) the outline and shadow." The Greek for "example" is here taken for the sketch, copy, or suggestive representation of the heavenly sanctuary, which is the antitypical reality and primary archetype.
Who serve - Οἱτινες λατρευουσι· Who perform Divine worship. Unto the example and shadow - Υποδειγματι και σκιᾳ, With the representation and shadow; this is Dr. Macknight’s translation, and probably the true one. The whole Levitical service was a representation and shadow of heavenly things; it appears, therefore, absurd to say that the priests served Unto an example or representation of heavenly things; they served rather unto the substance of those things, With appropriate representations and shadows. As Moses was admonished - Καθως κεχρηματισται Μωσης· As Moses was Divinely warned or admonished of God. According to the pattern - Κατα τον τυπον· According to the type, plan, or form. It is very likely that God gave a regular plan and specification of the tabernacle and all its parts to Moses; and that from this Divine plan the whole was constructed. See on Exo 25:40 (note).
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
Who serve unto the example - Who perform their service by the mere example and shadow of the heavenly things; or in a tabernacle, and in a mode, that is the mere emblem of the reality which exists in heaven. The reference is to the tabernacle, which was a mere “example” or “copy” of heaven.
The words behind it
28 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| οἵτινες | oitines | who | G3748 → | 144 times |
| ὑποδείγματι | hupodeigmati | to a copy | G5262 → | 6 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| σκιᾷ | skia | shadow | G4639 → | |
| λατρεύουσιν | latreuousin | minster | G3000 → | 21 times |
| τῶν | ton | of the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ἐπουρανίων, | epouranion | heavenly, | G2032 → | 19 times |
| καθὼς | kathos | even as | G2531 → | 182 times |
| κεχρημάτισται | kechrematistai | has been divinely instructed | G5537 → | 9 times |
| Μωϋσῆς | mouses | Moses | G3475 → | 78 times |
| μέλλων | mellon | being about | G3195 → | 109 times |
| ἐπιτελεῖν | epitelein | to complete | G2005 → | |
| τὴν | ten | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| σκηνήν· | skenen | tabernacle; | G4633 → | 20 times |
| ὅρα | hora | do see that | G3708 → | 60 times |
| γάρ | gar | for | G1063 → | 1039 times |
| φησιν | phesin | He says | G5346 → | |
| ποιήσεις | poieseis | you will make | G4160 → | 569 times |
| πάντα | panta | all things | G3956 → | 1235 times |
| κατὰ | kata | according to | G2596 → | 468 times |
| τὸν | ton | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| τύπον | tupon | pattern | G5179 → | |
| τὸν | ton | which | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| δειχθέντα | deichthenta | having been shown | G1166 → | |
| σοι | soi | you | G4771 → | 2973 times |
| ἐν | en | in | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| τῷ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ὄρει· | orei | mountain; | G3735 → | 62 times |
οἵτινεςwho
oitinesG3748 →144 times
ὑποδείγματιto a copy
hupodeigmatiG5262 →6 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
σκιᾷshadow
skiaG4639 →
λατρεύουσινminster
latreuousinG3000 →21 times
τῶνof the
tonG3588 →19766 times
ἐπουρανίων,heavenly,
epouranionG2032 →19 times
καθὼςeven as
kathosG2531 →182 times
κεχρημάτισταιhas been divinely instructed
kechrematistaiG5537 →9 times
ΜωϋσῆςMoses
mousesG3475 →78 times
μέλλωνbeing about
mellonG3195 →109 times
ἐπιτελεῖνto complete
epiteleinG2005 →
τὴνthe
tenG3588 →19766 times
σκηνήν·tabernacle;
skenenG4633 →20 times
ὅραdo see that
horaG3708 →60 times
γάρfor
garG1063 →1039 times
φησινHe says
phesinG5346 →
ποιήσειςyou will make
poieseisG4160 →569 times
πάνταall things
pantaG3956 →1235 times
κατὰaccording to
kataG2596 →468 times
τὸνthe
tonG3588 →19766 times
τύπονpattern
tuponG5179 →
τὸνwhich
tonG3588 →19766 times
δειχθένταhaving been shown
deichthentaG1166 →
σοιyou
soiG4771 →2973 times
ἐνin
enG1722 →2738 times
τῷthe
toG3588 →19766 times
ὄρει·mountain;
oreiG3735 →62 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Colossians 2:17These are a shadow of the things to come, but the body that casts it belongs to Christ.
it leads to
- Hebrews 10:1
For the law is only a shadow of the good things to come, not the realities themselves. It can never, by the same sacrifices offered year after year, make perfect those who draw near…
- John 1:17
For the law was given through Moses; grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.
- Hebrews 9:9
It is an illustration for the present time, because the gifts and sacrifices being offered were unable to cleanse the conscience of the worshiper.
- Hebrews 10:1
Through
Exodus 26:30So you are to set up the tabernacle according to the pattern shown you on the mountain.
it leads to
- Exodus 25:40
See to it that you make everything according to the pattern shown you on the mountain.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Exodus 25:9
You must make the tabernacle and design all its furnishings according to the pattern I show you.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Exodus 25:40
Through
Exodus 25:40See to it that you make everything according to the pattern shown you on the mountain.
it leads to
- Exodus 26:30
So you are to set up the tabernacle according to the pattern shown you on the mountain.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Acts 7:44
Our fathers had the tabernacle of the Testimony with them in the wilderness. It was constructed exactly as God had directed Moses, according to the pattern he had seen.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Exodus 26:30
Through
1 Chronicles 28:19“All this,” said David, “all the details of this plan, the LORD has made clear to me in writing by His hand upon me.”
it leads to
- 1 Chronicles 28:11–12
Then David gave his son Solomon the plans for the portico of the temple, its buildings, storehouses, upper rooms, inner rooms, and the room for the mercy seat.
- 1 Chronicles 28:11–12
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies12
About Hebrews

Who and where
1 name in this verse with a page on the site.
This page draws on 22 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Cosmas Indicopleustes, The Christian Topography, Book 1; Cosmas Indicopleustes, The Christian Topography, Book 9; Edersheim, The Temple: Its Ministry and Services; Ephrem the Syrian, COMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE HEBREWS; Eusebius of Caesarea, ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY 1.3; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Chrysostom, Homily on Hebrews 14; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the New Testament; John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Oecumenius, The Pseudo-Oecumenian Catena on Hebrews; Origen of Alexandria, ON FIRST PRINCIPLES 2.6.7; Origen of Alexandria, ON FIRST PRINCIPLES 3.6.8; Origen of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON THE GOSPEL OF JOHN 13.146; Origen of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON THE GOSPEL OF JOHN 10.298-300; Theodoret of Cyrus, INTERPRETATION OF HEBREWS 8; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Hebrews and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Hebrews.
