2 Samuel 23:13 BSB — MannaFest

2 Samuel 23:13

At harvest time, three of the thirty chief men went down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.

BSB

Parallel translations (2) ▾

ASV

And three of the thirty chief men went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam; and the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.

KJV

And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.

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Commentary

1 voice

Albert Barnes

1798–1870

Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)

The feat at Bethlehem by three of the thirty was the occasion of their being formed into a distinct triad; Abishai 2Sa 23:18, Benaiah 2Sa 23:20, and a third not named, were probably the three. In the harvest time - An error for “to the rock” (compare the marginal reference). The troop of the Philistines - The word rendered “troop” occurs in this sense only here (and, according to some, in 2Sa 23:11), and perhaps in Psa 68:11. In 1 Chr. 11, as in 2Sa 23:16 the reading is “host” or “camp,” which may be the true reading here.

Voices on this verse

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Original language & word study

17 tagged words

Original	Transliteration	Meaning	Word study
וַיֵּרְד֨וּ	vai.ye.re.Du	and they went down	H3381 →
שְׁלֹשָׁ֜ה	she.lo.shim	three	H7969 →
מֵהַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣ים	me.ha.she.lo.Shim	from the thirty	H7970 →
רֹ֗אשׁ	Rosh	leader[s]	H7218 →
וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ	vai.ya.Vo.'u	and they came	H935 →
אֶל־	'el-	to	H413 →
קָצִיר֙	ka.Tzir	[the] harvest	H7105 →
אֶל־	'el-	to	H413 →
דָּוִ֔ד	da.Vid	David	H1732 →
אֶל־	'el-	to	H413 →
מְעָרַ֖ת	me.'a.Rat	[the] cave of	H4631 →
עֲדֻלָּ֑ם	'a.du.Lam	Adullam	H5725 →
וְחַיַּ֣ת	ve.chai.Yat	and a community of	H2416 →
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	pe.lish.Tim	Philistines	H6430 →
חֹנָ֖ה	cho.Nah	[was] encamped	H2583 →
בְּעֵ֥מֶק	be.'E.mek	in [the] valley of	H6010 →
רְפָאִֽים׃	re.fa.'Im	[the] Rephaites	H7497 →

Rare words are the text's own signal of a deliberate thread: the fewer the occurrences, the more the places it appears belong together.

The walk

The walk8

Where the connections lead

Follow this verse’s cross-references two steps out. Each card is a verse this one points to, and beneath it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several different paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it. Every stop shows its own words, and every stop is a page.

Through
Joshua 15:35
Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh, Azekah,
leads to
- 1 Samuel 22:1
  So David left Gath and took refuge in the cave of Adullam. When his brothers and the rest of his father’s household heard about it, they went down to him there.
  Reached by 2 independent paths from here.
- 1 Samuel 17:1
  Now the Philistines gathered their forces for war at Socoh in Judah, and they camped between Socoh and Azekah in Ephes-dammim.
Through
1 Chronicles 14:9
Now the Philistines had come and raided the Valley of Rephaim.
leads to
- 1 Chronicles 11:15
  Three of the thirty chief men went down to David, to the rock at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.
  Reached by 2 independent paths from here.
Through
2 Samuel 5:18
Now the Philistines had come and spread out in the Valley of Rephaim.
leads to
- Isaiah 17:5
  as the reaper gathers the standing grain and harvests the ears with his arm, as one gleans heads of grain in the Valley of Rephaim.
  Reached by 2 independent paths from here.
- Joshua 15:8
  From there the border went up the Valley of Hinnom along the southern slope of the Jebusites (that is, Jerusalem) and ascended to the top of the hill that faces the Valley of Hinnom…
- Joshua 17:15
  Joshua answered them, “If you have so many people that the hill country of Ephraim is too small for you, go to the forest and clear for yourself an area in the land of…
Through
1 Samuel 22:1
So David left Gath and took refuge in the cave of Adullam. When his brothers and the rest of his father’s household heard about it, they went down to him there.
leads to
- Psalms 57:1–11
  Have mercy on me, O God, have mercy, for in You my soul takes refuge. In the shadow of Your wings I will take shelter until the danger has passed.
- Psalms 34:1
  I will bless the LORD at all times; His praise will always be on my lips.