Exoduschapter 12
51 verses · BSBExodus book hub →
The Firstborn of the Egyptians Are Slain — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
A.A Lamb for Each Householdvv. 1-13
1 Now the LORD said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, 2 “This month is the beginning of months for you; it shall be the first month of your year. 3 Tell the whole congregation of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man must select a lamb for his family, one per household. 4 If the household is too small for a whole lamb, they are to share with the nearest neighbor based on the number of people, and apportion the lamb accordingly. 5 Your lamb must be an unblemished year-old male, and you may take it from the sheep or the goats. 6 You must keep it until the fourteenth day of the month, when the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel will slaughter the animals at twilight. 7 They are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs. 8 They are to eat the meat that night, roasted over the fire, along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. 9 Do not eat any of the meat raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over the fire—its head and legs and inner parts. 10 Do not leave any of it until morning; before the morning you must burn up any part that is left over. 11 This is how you are to eat it: You must be fully dressed for travel, with your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand. You are to eat in haste; it is the LORD’s Passover. 12 On that night I will pass through the land of Egypt and strike down every firstborn male, both man and beast, and I will execute judgment against all the gods of Egypt. I am the LORD. 13 The blood on the houses where you are staying will distinguish them; when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No plague will fall on you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.
B.Seven Days of Unleavened Breadvv. 14-20
14 And this day will be a memorial for you, and you are to celebrate it as a feast to the LORD, as a permanent statute for the generations to come. 15 For seven days you must eat unleavened bread. On the first day you are to remove the leaven from your houses. Whoever eats anything leavened from the first day through the seventh must be cut off from Israel. 16 On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly, and another on the seventh day. You must not do any work on those days, except to prepare the meals—that is all you may do. 17 So you are to keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for on this very day I brought your divisions out of the land of Egypt. You must keep this day as a permanent statute for the generations to come. 18 In the first month you are to eat unleavened bread, from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day. 19 For seven days there must be no leaven found in your houses. If anyone eats something leavened, that person, whether a foreigner or native of the land, must be cut off from the congregation of Israel. 20 You are not to eat anything leavened; eat unleavened bread in all your homes.”
C.Blood on the Doorpostsvv. 21-28
21 Then Moses summoned all the elders of Israel and told them, “Go at once and select for yourselves a lamb for each family, and slaughter the Passover lamb. 22 Take a cluster of hyssop, dip it into the blood in the basin, and brush the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe. None of you shall go out the door of his house until morning. 23 When the LORD passes through to strike down the Egyptians, He will see the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe and will pass over that doorway; so He will not allow the destroyer to enter your houses and strike you down. 24 And you are to keep this command as a permanent statute for you and your descendants. 25 When you enter the land that the LORD will give you as He promised, you are to keep this service. 26 When your children ask you, ‘What does this service mean to you?’ 27 you are to reply, ‘It is the Passover sacrifice to the LORD, who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt when He struck down the Egyptians and spared our homes.’” Then the people bowed down and worshiped. 28 And the Israelites went and did just what the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron.
D.At Midnight, a Great Cryvv. 29-36
29 Now at midnight the LORD struck down every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on his throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner in the dungeon, as well as all the firstborn among the livestock. 30 During the night Pharaoh got up—he and all his officials and all the Egyptians—and there was loud wailing in Egypt; for there was no house without someone dead. 31 Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron by night and said, “Get up, leave my people, both you and the Israelites! Go, worship the LORD as you have requested. 32 Take your flocks and herds as well, just as you have said, and depart! And bless me also.” 33 And in order to send them out of the land quickly, the Egyptians urged the people on. “For otherwise,” they said, “we are all going to die!” 34 So the people took their dough before it was leavened, carrying it on their shoulders in kneading bowls wrapped in clothing. 35 Furthermore, the Israelites acted on Moses’ word and asked the Egyptians for articles of silver and gold, and for clothing. 36 And the LORD gave the people such favor in the sight of the Egyptians that they granted their request. In this way they plundered the Egyptians.
E.Out of Egypt by Nightvv. 37-42
37 The Israelites journeyed from Rameses to Succoth with about 600,000 men on foot, besides women and children. 38 And a mixed multitude also went up with them, along with great droves of livestock, both flocks and herds. 39 Since their dough had no leaven, the people baked what they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves. For when they had been driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared any provisions for themselves. 40 Now the duration of the Israelites’ stay in Egypt was 430 years. 41 At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the LORD’s divisions went out of the land of Egypt. 42 Because the LORD kept a vigil that night to bring them out of the land of Egypt, this same night is to be a vigil to the LORD, to be observed by all the Israelites for the generations to come.
F.Who May Eat the Passovervv. 43-51
43 And the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: No foreigner is to eat of it. 44 But any slave who has been purchased may eat of it, after you have circumcised him. 45 A temporary resident or hired hand shall not eat the Passover. 46 It must be eaten inside one house. You are not to take any of the meat outside the house, and you may not break any of the bones. 47 The whole congregation of Israel must celebrate it. 48 If a foreigner resides with you and wants to celebrate the LORD’s Passover, all the males in the household must be circumcised; then he may come near to celebrate it, and he shall be like a native of the land. But no uncircumcised man may eat of it. 49 The same law shall apply to both the native and the foreigner who resides among you.” 50 Then all the Israelites did this—they did just as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron. 51 And on that very day the LORD brought the Israelites out of the land of Egypt by their divisions.
Chapter summary
Passover.
Read the rest, the context and the outline ▾Show less ▴
Chapter summary
Passover.
Read the rest, the context and the outline ▾Show less ▴
Passover. ‘This month shall be unto you the beginning of months.’ A lamb without blemish, a male of the first year, from the sheep or goats; taken on the tenth, kept till the fourteenth, killed at evening; the blood struck on the two side posts and the upper door post; the flesh roasted with fire and eaten with unleavened bread and bitter herbs; loins girded, shoes on the feet, staff in hand. ‘When I see the blood, I will pass over you.’ At midnight the firstborn of Egypt die; Pharaoh summons Moses by night and drives them out. Six hundred thousand men on foot depart. The feast of unleavened bread is instituted for all generations. Cited in Isa 53, John 1:29, 1 Cor 5:7.
Drawn from Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory, Matthew Henry, Complete Commentary, John Wesley, Notes on the Old Testament and John Calvin, Commentaries.
Context
Law · Moses — Exodus overview
- A. 1–13 A Lamb for Each Household
- B. 14–20 Seven Days of Unleavened Bread
- C. 21–28 Blood on the Doorposts
- D. 29–36 At Midnight, a Great Cry
- E. 37–42 Out of Egypt by Night
- F. 43–51 Who May Eat the Passover
Top cross-references8 chapters ▾
Exodus 1215 verses
- Exodus 12:1Now the LORD said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,
- Exodus 12:3Tell the whole congregation of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man must select a lamb for his family, one per household.
- Exodus 12:6You must keep it until the fourteenth day of the month, when the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel will slaughter the animals at twilight.
- Exodus 12:7They are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs.
- Exodus 12:8They are to eat the meat that night, roasted over the fire, along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.
- Exodus 12:11This is how you are to eat it: You must be fully dressed for travel, with your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand. You are to eat in haste; it is the LORD’s Passover.
- Read Exodus 12: 9 more there →
Exodus 136 verses
- Exodus 13:3So Moses told the people, “Remember this day, the day you came out of Egypt, out of the house of slavery; for the LORD brought you out of it by the strength of His hand. And nothing leavened shall be eaten.
- Exodus 13:4Today, in the month of Abib, you are leaving.
- Exodus 13:8And on that day you are to explain to your son, ‘This is because of what the LORD did for me when I came out of Egypt.’
- Exodus 13:9It shall be a sign for you on your hand and a reminder on your forehead that the Law of the LORD is to be on your lips. For with a mighty hand the LORD brought you out of Egypt.
- Exodus 13:10Therefore you shall keep this statute at the appointed time year after year.
- Exodus 13:14In the future, when your son asks you, ‘What does this mean?’ you are to tell him, ‘With a mighty hand the LORD brought us out of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.
- Read Exodus 13 →
Exodus 34 verses
- Exodus 3:8I have come down to rescue them from the hand of the Egyptians and to bring them up out of that land to a good and spacious land, a land flowing with milk and honey—the home of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
- Exodus 3:17And I have promised to bring you up out of your affliction in Egypt, into the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites—a land flowing with milk and honey.’
- Exodus 3:19But I know that the king of Egypt will not allow you to go unless a mighty hand compels him.
- Exodus 3:21And I will grant this people such favor in the sight of the Egyptians that when you leave, you will not go away empty-handed.
- Read Exodus 3 →
Genesis 174 verses
- Genesis 17:8And to you and your descendants I will give the land where you are residing—all the land of Canaan—as an eternal possession; and I will be their God.”
- Genesis 17:12Generation after generation, every male must be circumcised when he is eight days old, including those born in your household and those purchased from a foreigner—even those who are not your offspring.
- Genesis 17:14But if any male is not circumcised, he will be cut off from his people; he has broken My covenant.”
- Genesis 17:23On that very day Abraham took his son Ishmael and all those born in his household or purchased with his money—every male among the members of Abraham’s household—and he circumcised them, just as God had told him.
- Read Genesis 17 →
4 more chapters this one speaks with
Deuteronomy 163 verses
- Deuteronomy 16:1Observe the month of Abib and celebrate the Passover to the LORD your God, because in the month of Abib the LORD your God brought you out of Egypt by night.
- Deuteronomy 16:3You must not eat leavened bread with it; for seven days you are to eat with it unleavened bread, the bread of affliction, because you left the land of Egypt in haste—so that you may remember for the rest of your life the day you left the land of Egypt.
- Deuteronomy 16:7And you shall roast it and eat it in the place the LORD your God will choose, and in the morning you shall return to your tents.
- Read Deuteronomy 16 →
Numbers 93 verses
- Numbers 9:12they may not leave any of it until morning or break any of its bones. They must observe the Passover according to all its statutes.
- Numbers 9:13But if a man who is ceremonially clean and is not on a journey still fails to observe the Passover, he must be cut off from his people, because he did not present the LORD’s offering at its appointed time. That man will bear the consequences of his sin.
- Numbers 9:14If a foreigner dwelling among you wants to observe the Passover to the LORD, he is to do so according to the Passover statute and its ordinances. You are to apply the same statute to both the foreigner and the native of the land.’”
- Read Numbers 9 →
Psalms 1053 verses
- Psalms 105:37He brought Israel out with silver and gold, and none among His tribes stumbled.
- Psalms 105:38Egypt was glad when they departed, for the dread of Israel had fallen on them.
- Psalms 105:44He gave them the lands of the nations, that they might inherit the fruit of others’ labor,
- Read Psalms 105 →
Exodus 113 verses
- Exodus 11:1Then the LORD said to Moses, “I will bring upon Pharaoh and Egypt one more plague. After that, he will allow you to leave this place. And when he lets you go, he will drive you out completely.
- Exodus 11:2Now announce to the people that men and women alike should ask their neighbors for articles of silver and gold.”
- Exodus 11:6Then a great cry will go out over all the land of Egypt. Such an outcry has never been heard before and will never be heard again.
- Read Exodus 11 →
Cross-references from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and OpenBible.info.