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Psalms 40:2

in Psalms 40

He lifted me up from the pit of despair, out of the miry clay; He set my feet upon a rock, and made my footsteps firm.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

He brought me up also out of a horrible pit, out of the miry clay; And he set my feet upon a rock, and established my goings.

KJV

He brought me up also out of an horrible pit, out of the miry clay, and set my feet upon a rock, and established my goings.

This verse in Psalms 40

Commentary

19 notes on this verse
Christ has heard the prayer of his own servants and has brought us out from the pit of misery and from the mire of dregs. We were drowning there; our whole flesh was clinging to the mire, trapped in the whirlpool of our sins. Our soul was powerless to save itself; fallen and ruined as it was by the multiplicity and dreadfulness of our offenses. Thanks be to the Lord Jesus, God's only Son, who came down from heaven to forgive us our sins.

This site's exposition

waited patiently for the LORD

on Psalms 40:1-3

The rescue is finished when the psalm opens. The pit of despair and the miry clay give no foothold, and God sets the feet on a rock and makes the footsteps firm. The new song is put in his mouth, and many will see and fear and trust the LORD.

This site's exposition

He lifted me up from the pit of despair

The Hebrew behind despair means noise or uproar, and John Calvin heard a roaring pit of rushing waters. Albert Barnes noted its other sense, desolation, fit for the grave. Matthew Henry noted these verses name no sickness or enemy, and so read the pit as inward distress of spirit.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers3 voices

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

Exposition on Psalm 40 · Written before 430.

proposed

And what hath He accomplished for thee? What hath He done for thee? "He brought me up also out of a horrible pit, out of the miry clay, and set my feet upon a rock, and established my goings" (ver. 2). He hath given us great blessings already: and still He is our debtor; but let him who hath this part of the debt repaid already, believe that the rest will be also, seeing that he ought to have believed even before he received anything. Our Lord has employed facts themselves to persuade us, that He is a faithful promiser, a liberal giver. What then has He already done? "He has brought me out of a horrible pit." What horrible pit is that? It is the depth of iniquity, from the lusts of the flesh, for this is meant by "the miry clay." Whence hath He brought thee out? Out of a certain deep, out of which thou criedst out in another Psalm, "Out of the deep have I called unto Thee, O Lord." And those who are already "crying out of the deep," are not absolutely in the lowest deep: the very act of crying is already lifting them up. There are some deeper in the deep, who do not even perceive themselves to be in the deep. Such are those who are proud despisers, not pious entreaters for pardon; not tearful criers for mercy: but such as Scripture thus describes. "The sinner when he comes into the depth of evil despiseth." For he is deeper in the deep, who is not satisfied with being a sinner, unless instead of confessing he even defends his sins. But he who has already "cried out of the deep," hath already lifted up his head in order that he might "cry out of the deep," has been heard already, and has been "brought out of the horrible pit, and out of the mire and clay." He already has faith, which he had not before; he has hope, which he was before without; he now walks in Christ, who before used to go astray in the devil. […]

A commentator

Cassiodorus

EXPLANATION OF THE PSALMS 40:3 · Written before 585.

proposed

Just as the mud of a lake stinks and is heavy, so also the sins of people are like mud, causing people to shudder because of their smell and causing them to drown because of their weight. When we walk in the commandments of the …

A commentator

Evagrius Ponticus

NOTES ON THE PSALMS 39[40].3 · Written before 399.

proposed

The pit of misery is evil and ignorance.… The rock is faith in Christ. "And he directs my steps" by actions and true teachings.

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Exposition on the Psalms of David · Written before 1274.

proposed

Here he presents in particular the efficacy of confidence in the things in which he was heard. And he touches upon three things. First, deliverance from evils. Second, the bestowal of goods, at "And he set." Third, thanksgiving for both, at "And he put." Now …

The Reformation1 voice

A commentator

John Calvin

1509–1564

Commentaries (1554)

And he drew me out of the roaring pit. Some translate, from the pit of desolation, because the verb s'h, shaah, from which the noun s'vm, shaon, is derived, signifies to destroy or to waste, as well as to resound or echo. But it is more appropriate to consider that there is here an allusion to the deep gulfs, where the waters gush with a tumultuous force.
11 more voices on this verse

The Puritans and the Awakening4 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

), out of which he could not work himself, and in which he found himself sinking yet further. He says nothing here either of the sickness of his body or the insults of his enemies, and therefore we have reason to think it was some inward disquiet and perplexity of spirit that was now his greatest grievance.

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-punctuation+unbalanced-parens

A commentator

John Gill

1697–1771

Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763)

proposed

He brought me up also out of an horrible pit,....
He brought me up also out of an horrible pit,....

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

(1.) The mercy is completed by the setting of their feet upon a rock, where they find firm footing, are as much elevated with the hopes of heaven as they were before cast down with the fears of hell. Christ is the rock on which a poor soul may stand fast, and on whose meditation alone between us and God we can build any solid hopes or satisfaction.

The Nineteenth Century7 voices

A commentator

Charles Spurgeon

1834–1892

The Treasury of David, Vol. 2 (1870)

He brought me up also out of an horrible pit. When our Lord bore in his own person the terrible curse which was due to sin, he was so cast down as to be like a prisoner in a deep, dark, fearful dungeon, amid whose horrible glooms the captive heard a noise as of rushing torrents, while overhead resounded the tramp of furious foes. Our Lord in his anguish was like a captive in the oubliettes, forgotten of all mankind, immured amid horror, darkness, and desolation.

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

The figures for deep distress are illustrated in Jeremiah's history (Jer 38:6-12). Patience and trust manifested in distress, deliverance in answer to prayer, and the blessed effect of it in eliciting praise from God's true worshippers, teach us that Christ's suffering is our example, and His deliverance our encouragement (Heb 5:7, 8;

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens

A commentator

Charles Spurgeon

1834–1892

The Treasury of David, Vol. 2 (1870)

proposed

He brought me up also out of an horrible pit. When our Lord bore in his own person the terrible curse which was due to sin, he was so cast down as to be like a prisoner in a deep, dark, fearful dungeon, amid whose horrible glooms the captive heard a noise as of rushing torrents, while overhead resounded the tramp of furious foes. Our Lord in his anguish was like a captive in the oubliettes, forgotten of all mankind, immured amid horror, darkness, and desolation. Yet the Lord Jehovah made him to ascend from all his abasement; he retraced his steps from that deep hell of anguish into which he had been cast as our substitute. He who thus delivered our surety in extremis, will not fail to liberate us from our far lighter griefs. Out of the miry clay. The sufferer was as one who cannot find a foothold, but slips and sinks. The figure indicates not only positive misery as in the former figure, but the absence of solid comfort by which sorrow might have been rendered supportable. Once give man a good foothold, and a burden is greatly lightened, but to be loaded and to be placed on slimy, slippery clay, is to be tried doubly. Reader, with humble gratitude, adore the dear Redeemer who, for thy sake, was deprived of all consolation while surrounded with every form of misery; remark his gratitude at being born up amid his arduous labours and sufferings, and if thou too hast experienced the divine help, be sure to join thy Lord in this song. And set my feet upon a rock, and established my goings. The Redeemer's work is done. He reposes on the firm ground of his accomplished engagements; he can never suffer again; for ever does he reign in glory. What a comfort to know that Jesus our Lord and Saviour stands on a sure foundation in all that he is and does for us, and his goings forth in love are not liable to be cut short by failure in years to come, for God has fixed him firmly.
‘I waited patiently for the LORD; and he inclined unto me, and heard my cry. He brought me up also out of an horrible pit, out of the miry clay, and set my feet upon a rock, and established my goings. And he hath put a new song in my mouth, even praise unto our God: many shall see it, and fear, and shall trust in the Lord.’Psalm 40:1-3. THIS PASSAGE HAS BEEN USED with great frequency as the expression of the experience of the people of God, and I think it has been very rightly so used.
‘I waited patiently for the LORD; and he inclined unto me, and heard my cry. He brought me up also out of an horrible pit, out of the miry clay, and set my feet upon a rock, and established my goings. And he hath put a new song in my mouth, even praise unto our God: many shall see it, and fear, and shall trust in the Lord.’Psalm 40:1-3. THIS PASSAGE HAS BEEN USED with great frequency as the expression of the experience of the people of God, and I think it has been very rightly so used. It is a very accurate picture of the way in which sinners are raised up from despair to hope and salvation, and of the way in which saints are brought out of deep troubles, and made to sing of divine love and power. Yet I am not certain that the first verse could be truthfully uttered by all of us; I question, indeed, whether any of us could thus speak. Could we say’I waited patiently for the Lord.’ Think ye, brethren, might it not read’I waited impatiently for the Lord,’ in the case of most of us? All the rest may stand true, but this would need to be modified. We could hardly speak in our own commendation if we considered our conduct in the matter of patience, for that is, alas, still a scarce virtue’upon the face of the earth. If we read the psalm through we shall see that it was not written exclusively to describe the experience of God’s people. Secondarily we may regard it as David’s language, but in the first instance a greater than David is here. The first Person who uttered these words was the Messiah, and that is quite clear if you read the psalm through; for we fall upon such language as this: ‘Sacrifice and offering, Thou didst not desire; mine ears hast Thou opened; burnt offering and sin offering hast Thou not required.

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

A horrible pit - Literally, the sounding pit; where nothing was heard except the howlings of wild beasts, or the hollow sounds of winds reverberated and broken from the craggy sides and roof. The miry clay - Where the longer I stayed the deeper I sank, and was utterly unable to save myself. The Syriac and Arabic translate “The pit of perdition, and the mud of corruption.” These are figurative expressions to point out the dreary, dismal, ruinous state of sin and guilt, and the utter inability of a condemned sinner to save himself either from the guilt of his conscience, or the corruption of his heart. Set my feet upon a rock - Thou hast changed my state from guilt to pardon; from corruption to holiness; in consequence of which my goings are established. I have now power over all sin, and can walk steadily in the way that leads to God’s kingdom.
He brought me up also out of an horrible pit - Margin: “A pit of noise.” The word used here means a pit; a cistern; a prison; a dungeon; a grave. This last signification of the word is found in Psa 28:1; Psa 30:4; Psa 88:4; Isa 38:18; Isa 14:19. It may refer to any calamity - or to trouble, like being in a pit - or it may refer to the grave. The word rendered “horrible” - שׁאון shâ'ôn - means properly “noise, uproar, tumult,” as of waters; of a crowd of men; of war. Then it seems to be used in the sense of “desolation” or “destruction,” as applicable to the grave. DeWette understands it here of a pit, a cavern, or an abyss that roars or is tumultuous; that is, that is impassable. Perhaps this is the idea - a cavern, deep and dark, where the waters roar, and which seems to be filled with horrors. So Rosenmuller understands it. The Septuagint renders it: ἐκ λάκκου ταλαιπωρίας ek lakkou talaipōrias, “a lake of misery.” It is a deep and horrid cavern, where there is no hope of being rescued, or where it would seem that there would be certain destruction. Out of the miry clay - At the bottom of the pit. Where there was no solid ground - no rock on which to stand. See Jer 38:6; Psa 69:2, Psa 69:14. And set my feet upon a rock - Where there was firm standing. And established my goings - Or, fixed my steps. That is, he enabled me to walk as on solid ground; he conducted me along safely, where there was no danger of descending to the pit again or of sinking in the mire. If we understand this of the Redeemer, it refers to that time when, his sorrows ended, and his work of atonement done, it became certain that he would never be exposed again to such dangers, or sink into such a depth of woes, but that his course ever onward would be one of safety and of glory.

The words behind it

11 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיַּעֲלֵ֤נִי׀and he brought up me

    vaiyaaleniH5927 →890 times

  • מִבּ֥וֹרfrom a pit of

    miborH953 →66 times

  • שָׁאוֹן֮roaring

    shaonH7588 →18 times

  • מִטִּ֪יטfrom [the] mud of

    mititH2916 →13 times

  • הַיָּ֫וֵ֥ןthe mire

    haiyavenH3121 →

  • וַיָּ֖קֶםand he set

    vaiyakemH6965 →628 times

  • עַל־on

    ʾal-H5921 →5755 times

  • סֶ֥לַעa rock

    sela'H5553 →58 times

  • רַגְלַ֗יfeet my

    raglaiH7272 →247 times

  • כּוֹנֵ֥ןhe established

    konenH3559 →217 times

  • אֲשֻׁרָֽי׃steps my

    ʾashuraiH838 →9 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Psalms 37:23

    The steps of a man are ordered by the LORD who takes delight in his journey.

    it leads to

    • Proverbs 16:9

      A man’s heart plans his course, but the LORD determines his steps.

    • Psalms 119:133

      Order my steps in Your word; let no sin rule over me.

    • Proverbs 4:26

      Make a level path for your feet, and all your ways will be sure.

    • 1 Samuel 2:9

      He guards the steps of His faithful ones, but the wicked perish in darkness; for by his own strength shall no man prevail.

    • Psalms 121:8

      The LORD will watch over your coming and going, both now and forevermore.

  • Through

    Psalms 61:2

    From the ends of the earth I call out to You whenever my heart is faint. Lead me to the rock that is higher than I.

    it leads to

    • Psalms 18:2

      The LORD is my rock, my fortress, and my deliverer. My God is my rock, in whom I take refuge, my shield, and the horn of my salvation, my stronghold.

  • Through

    Psalms 27:5

    For in the day of trouble He will hide me in His shelter; He will conceal me under the cover of His tent; He will set me high upon a rock.

    it leads to

    • Proverbs 18:10

      The name of the LORD is a strong tower; the righteous run to it and are safe.

    • Psalms 31:20

      You hide them in the secret place of Your presence from the schemes of men. You conceal them in Your shelter from accusing tongues.

Where this verse is studied

About Psalms

Narrow Road of Virtue and Wide Road of Sin. Jan Micker, not stated on the file page. National Museum in Warsaw. Public domain.
Narrow Road of Virtue and Wide Road of Sin. Jan Micker, not stated on the file page. National Museum in Warsaw. Public domain.
This page draws on 15 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrose of Milan, Commentaries on the Twelve Davidic Psalms; Augustine of Hippo, Exposition on Psalm 40; Cassiodorus, EXPLANATION OF THE PSALMS 40:3; Charles Spurgeon, The Treasury of David; Charles Spurgeon, The Treasury of David, Vol. 2; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 1674: “Brought Up from the Horrible Pit” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Evagrius Ponticus, NOTES ON THE PSALMS 39[40].3; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Calvin, Commentaries; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Thomas Aquinas, Exposition on the Psalms of David.