Ecclesiastes 3:19
in Ecclesiastes 3For the fates of both men and beasts are the same: As one dies, so dies the other—they all have the same breath. Man has no advantage over the animals, since everything is futile.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
For that which befalleth the sons of men befalleth beasts; even one thing befalleth them: as the one dieth, so dieth the other; yea, they have all one breath; and man hath no preeminence above the beasts: for all is vanity.
KJV
For that which befalleth the sons of men befalleth beasts; even one thing befalleth them: as the one dieth, so dieth the other; yea, they have all one breath; so that a man hath no preeminence above a beast: for all is vanity.
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This verse in Ecclesiastes 3
Commentary
17 notes on this verseThat which befals the sons of men is no other than that which befals beasts; a great deal of knowledge of human bodies is gained by the anatomy of the bodies of brutes. When the deluge swept away the old world the beasts perished with mankind. Horses and men are killed in battle with the same weapons of war.
This site's exposition
As for the sons of men, God tests them
on Ecclesiastes 3:18-19
The Teacher states God tests them so that they may see for themselves that they are but beasts. The ground is what death shows from ground level: As one dies, so dies the other, for they all have the same breath. Verse 21 goes on to ask about the spirit.
This site's exposition
no advantage over the animals
Jamieson, Fausset and Brown render the opening, men are a mere chance, and hear the wicked, whose unbelief God's delay in judgment brings to light. Didymus the Blind answers with a definition. Man dies like the animals and reasons like the angels.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
A commentator
Olympiodorus of AlexandriaCOMMENTARY ON ECCLESIASTES 3:19 · Written before 600.
proposed
Ecclesiastes teaches us from this not to attend to our physical needs but to our spiritual existence.
Why did he write, "What advantage does man have over beast?" Perceive now what had happened. Understand now the scorn toward us when he saw that humanity had recognized gods other than the Lord God alone and had not obeyed this utterance, "No foreign god …
Animals are mortal beings without reason, angels are immortal beings with reason, human beings are mortal beings with reason. Regarding mortality the human being is grouped together with beings without reason. Regarding reason [the human being] is grouped together with the immortal beings, since angels …
By "fate" he means everything that is part of the life of anyone in this world, whether that person is righteous or unrighteous—things such as life, death, sickness, health, affluence, poverty, loss of limbs, of wives, children or possessions. In all these it is impossible …
"Then I said to myself concerning men: God has chosen them out, but only to see that they themselves are as beasts. For the fate of men and the fate of beast - they have one and the same fate: as one dies so the other dies, and they all have the same spirit. Man has no superiority over beast, for all is futile. All go to the same place; all originate from dust and return to dust.
9 more voices on this verse
The Church Fathers1 voice
"For the fate of men and the fate of beast - they have one and the same fate: as one dies so the other dies, and they all have the same spirit. Man has no superiority over beast, for all is futile."
The Medieval Church2 voices
In describing the pleasures of the flesh, he puts all cares out of his mind and states that it is good to eat and drink. Later, he finds fault with this view from the standpoint of reason and says it is better to go to the house of mourning than to the house of feasting. Likewise, from purely carnal considerations he advises a young man to find his pleasure in his youth, and later, modifying this statement, he blames youth and its pleasures as fleeting. So, too, when he speaks from the minds of the infirm, our Preacher voices an opinion based on suspicion. "For the lot of man and of beast," he says, "is one lot; the one dies as well as the other. Both have the same life breath, and man has no advantage over the beast." Later, however, he presents conclusions drawn from reason and says, "What has the wise man more than the fool? and what the poor man, but to go where there is life?" So, after he says, "Man has no advantage over the beast," he again specifies that the wise person has an advantage not only over the beast but also over the foolish person, namely, his ability to go "where there is life."
A commentator
BonaventureCommentary on Ecclesiastes, Chapter 3 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
As regards death he says: And therefore one is the destruction of man and of beasts, and equal is the condition of both, namely for the proving of men, because, just as a beast does not always live, but rather sometimes dies, so also man: …
The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices
And therefore he concludes that it is our wisdom to make use of what power we have for our own comfort, and not to oppress others with it. Mutability of Human Affairs. 1 To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven: 2 A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted;
quarantine:scripture (2026-07-29) — verbatim-run:40w-of-72
For - They are subject to the same diseases, pains, and calamities. So dieth - As certainly, and no less, painfully. One breath - One breath of life, which is in their nostrils by which the beasts perform the same animal operations.
For that which befalleth the sons of men befalleth beasts,....
The Nineteenth Century2 voices
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
proposed
Literally, "For the sons of men (Adam) are a mere chance, as also the beast is a mere chance." These words can only be the sentiments of the skeptical oppressors. God's delay in judgment gives scope for the "manifestation" of their infidelity (Ec 8:11; They are "brute beasts," morally (Ec 3:18;
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens
For that which befalleth the sons of men befalleth beasts - From the present comparison of great men to beasts, the author takes occasion to enforce the subject by mentioning the state of mankind in general, with respect to the mortality of their bodies; and then, by an easy transition, touches in the next verse on the point which is of such infinite consequence to religion. As the one dieth, so dieth the other - Animal life is the same both in the man and in the beast.
Modern Voices1 voice
In so far as I am Man I am the chief of creatures. In so far as I am a man I am the chief of sinners. All humility that had meant pessimism, that had meant man taking a vague or mean view of his …
The words behind it
25 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| כִּי֩ | ki | for | H3588 → | 4482 times |
| מִקְרֶ֨ה | mikreh | [the] fate of | H4745 → | 10 times |
| בְֽנֵי־ | venei- | [the] children of | H1121 → | 4930 times |
| הָאָדָ֜ם | haadam | <the> humankind | H120 → | 551 times |
| וּמִקְרֶ֣ה | umikreh | and [the] fate of | H4745 → | 10 times |
| הַבְּהֵמָ֗ה | habehemah | <the> animal[s] | H929 → | 190 times |
| וּמִקְרֶ֤ה | umikreh | and fate | H4745 → | 10 times |
| אֶחָד֙ | ʾechad | one | H259 → | 971 times |
| לָהֶ֔ם | lahem | [belongs] to <the> them | ||
| כְּמ֥וֹת | kemot | like [the] death of | H4194 → | 156 times |
| זֶה֙ | zeh | this | H2088 → | 1180 times |
| כֵּ֣ן | ken | so | H3651 → | 771 times |
| מ֣וֹת | mot | [the] death of | H4194 → | 156 times |
| זֶ֔ה | zeh | this | H2088 → | 1180 times |
| וְר֥וּחַ | veruach | and breath | H7307 → | 378 times |
| אֶחָ֖ד | ʾechad | one | H259 → | 971 times |
| לַכֹּ֑ל | lakol | [belongs] to <the> all | H3605 → | 5413 times |
| וּמוֹתַ֨ר | umotar | and [the] advantage of | H4195 → | |
| הָאָדָ֤ם | haadam | <the> humankind | H120 → | 551 times |
| מִן־ | min- | [is] more than | H4480 → | 1188 times |
| הַבְּהֵמָה֙ | habehemah | the animal[s] | H929 → | 190 times |
| אָ֔יִן | ʾayin | not | H369 → | 789 times |
| כִּ֥י | ki | for | H3588 → | 4482 times |
| הַכֹּ֖ל | hakol | <the> everything | H3605 → | 5413 times |
| הָֽבֶל׃ | havel | [is] futility | H1892 → | 73 times |
כִּי֩for
kiH3588 →4482 times
מִקְרֶ֨ה[the] fate of
mikrehH4745 →10 times
בְֽנֵי־[the] children of
venei-H1121 →4930 times
הָאָדָ֜ם<the> humankind
haadamH120 →551 times
וּמִקְרֶ֣הand [the] fate of
umikrehH4745 →10 times
הַבְּהֵמָ֗ה<the> animal[s]
habehemahH929 →190 times
וּמִקְרֶ֤הand fate
umikrehH4745 →10 times
אֶחָד֙one
ʾechadH259 →971 times
לָהֶ֔ם[belongs] to <the> them
lahem
כְּמ֥וֹתlike [the] death of
kemotH4194 →156 times
זֶה֙this
zehH2088 →1180 times
כֵּ֣ןso
kenH3651 →771 times
מ֣וֹת[the] death of
motH4194 →156 times
זֶ֔הthis
zehH2088 →1180 times
וְר֥וּחַand breath
veruachH7307 →378 times
אֶחָ֖דone
ʾechadH259 →971 times
לַכֹּ֑ל[belongs] to <the> all
lakolH3605 →5413 times
וּמוֹתַ֨רand [the] advantage of
umotarH4195 →
הָאָדָ֤ם<the> humankind
haadamH120 →551 times
מִן־[is] more than
min-H4480 →1188 times
הַבְּהֵמָה֙the animal[s]
habehemahH929 →190 times
אָ֔יִןnot
ʾayinH369 →789 times
כִּ֥יfor
kiH3588 →4482 times
הַכֹּ֖ל<the> everything
hakolH3605 →5413 times
הָֽבֶל׃[is] futility
havelH1892 →73 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Psalms 49:12But a man, despite his wealth, cannot endure; he is like the beasts that perish.
it leads to
- Ecclesiastes 3:18–21
I said to myself, “As for the sons of men, God tests them so that they may see for themselves that they are but beasts.”
- Psalms 82:7
But like mortals you will die, and like rulers you will fall.”
- Psalms 49:20
A man who has riches without understanding is like the beasts that perish.
- Psalms 39:5
You, indeed, have made my days as handbreadths, and my lifetime as nothing before You. Truly each man at his best exists as but a breath. Selah
- Ecclesiastes 9:12
For surely no man knows his time: Like fish caught in a cruel net or birds trapped in a snare, so men are ensnared in an evil time that suddenly falls upon them.
- Ecclesiastes 3:18–21
Through
Ecclesiastes 2:14The wise man has eyes in his head, but the fool walks in darkness. Yet I also came to realize that one fate overcomes them both.
it leads to
- Psalms 49:10
For it is clear that wise men die, and the foolish and the senseless both perish and leave their wealth to others.
- Proverbs 17:24
Wisdom is the focus of the discerning, but the eyes of a fool wander to the ends of the earth.
- Ecclesiastes 9:11
I saw something else under the sun: The race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong; neither is the bread to the wise, nor the wealth to the intelligent, nor…
- Psalms 49:10
Where this verse is studied
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About Ecclesiastes

This page draws on 14 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Bonaventure, Commentary on Ecclesiastes, Chapter 3; Didymus the Blind, COMMENTARY ON ECCLESIASTES 99:1; Evagrius Ponticus, SCHOLIA ON ECCLESIASTES 21:3.19-22; Franz Delitzsch, Commentary on the Song of Songs and Ecclesiastes; GK Chesterton, Orthodoxy, Ch. 6: The Paradoxes of Christianity (1908); Gregory the Dialogist, Dialogues, Book 4, Chapter 4; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Ecclesiastes; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Olympiodorus of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON ECCLESIASTES 3:19 and Shenoute the Archimandrite, FRAGMENT ON ECCLESIASTES.
