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2 Samuel 23:20

in 2 Samuel 23

And Benaiah son of Jehoiada was a man of valor from Kabzeel, a man of many exploits. He struck down two champions of Moab, and on a snowy day he went down into a pit and killed a lion.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel, who had done mighty deeds, he slew the two sons of Ariel of Moab: he went down also and slew a lion in the midst of a pit in time of snow.

KJV

And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man, of Kabzeel, who had done many acts, he slew two lionlike men of Moab: he went down also and slew a lion in the midst of a pit in time of snow:

This verse in 2 Samuel 23

Commentary

8 notes on this verse
And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel,.... A city in the tribe of Judah, Jos 15:21; the father of this man was a man of great vivacity, valour, and strength, so that it was like father like son.

This site's exposition

the son of a valiant man, of Kabzeel

on 2 Samuel 23:20-23

Benaiah's three exploits are a soldier's resume told in one breath: two lionlike men of Moab, a lion in the midst of a pit in time of snow, and an Egyptian disarmed with a staff and killed with his own spear, the enemy's weapon turned as Goliath's sword was. David set him over his guard, and under Solomon he rises to command the whole host in Joab's place at 1 Kings 2:35. The list is also a preview of the next reign for those reading on.

The record, by era

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Bede

Questions on the Book of Kings #10 · Written before 735.

proposed

"He went down and struck the lion in the middle of the cistern." [2 Samuel 23:20] As it is said of Benaiah: And he went down and struck the lion in the middle of the cistern on a snowy day (Book VII, Antiquities, ch. 12), …

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

Pit - Where he put himself under a necessity, either of killing, or being killed. Of snow - When lions are most fierce, both from the sharpness of their appetite in cold seasons, and from want of provisions.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

Benaiah did many great things. [1.] He slew two Moabites that were lion-like men, so bold and strong, so fierce and furious. [2.] He slew an Egyptian, on what occasion it is not said; he was well armed but Benaiah attacked him with no other weapon than a walking staff, dexterously wrested his spear out of his hand, and slew him with it,

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

Two lion-like men of Moab - Some think that two real lions are meant; some that they were two savage gigantic men; others, that two fortresses are meant. The words שני אראל מואב sheney ariel Moab may signify, as the Targum has rendered it, ית תרין רברבי מואב yath terein rabrebey Moab, “The two princes of Moab.”

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

the first three--The mighty men or champions in David's military staff were divided into three classes--the highest, Jashobeam, Eleazar, and Shammah; the second class, Abishai, Benaiah, and Asahel; and the third class, the thirty, of which Asahel was the chief.

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — starts-lowercase

1 more voice on this verse

The Nineteenth Century1 voice

Benaiah the son of Jehoiada - He commanded the Cherethites and Pelethites all through David’s reign 2Sa 8:18; 2Sa 20:23, and took a prominent part in supporting Solomon against Adonijah when David was dying, and was rewarded by being made captain of the host in the room of Joab 1Ki 1:8, 1Ki 1:26, 1Ki 1:32-40; 1Ki 2:25-35; 1Ki 4:4. It is possible that Jehoiada his father is the same as Jehoiada 1Ch 12:27, leader of the Aaronites, since “Benaiah the son of Jehoiada” is called a “chief priest” 1Ch 27:5. Two lion-like men - The Hebrew word אריאל 'ărı̂y'êl, means literally “lion of God,” and is interpreted to mean “an eminent hero.” Instances occur among Arabs and Persians of the surname “lion of God” being given to great warriors. Hence, it is supposed that the same custom prevailed among the Moabites. But the Vulgate has “two lions of Moab,” which seems to be borne out by the next sentence. Slew a lion ... - Rather, THE lion, one of those described above as “a lion of God,” if the Vulgate Version is right. Apparently in a severe winter a lion had come up from its usual haunts to some village in search of food, and taken possession of the tank or cistern to the terror of the inhabitants, and Benaiah attacked it boldly and killed it.

The words behind it

24 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וּבְנָיָ֨הוּand Benaiah

    uvenayahuH114142 times

  • בֶן־[the] son of

    ven-H11214930 times

  • יְהוֹיָדָ֧עJehoiada

    yehoyada'H307751 times

  • בֶּן־[was] a son of

    ben-H11214930 times

  • אִֽישׁ־a man

    ʾish-H3761663 times

  • חַ֛יִלof strength

    chaiH2428246 times

  • רַב־great of

    rav-H7227454 times

  • פְּעָלִ֖יםdeeds

    pealimH6467

  • מִֽקַּבְצְאֵ֑לfrom Kabzeel

    mikavtzeelH6909

  • ה֣וּאhe

    hu'H19311879 times

  • הִכָּ֗הhe struck down

    hikahH5221499 times

  • אֵ֣ת<obj.>

    ʾetH85310935 times

  • שְׁנֵ֤י[the] two

    sheneiH8147768 times

  • אֲרִאֵל֙[the] lion-like men of

    ʾarielH739

  • מוֹאָ֔בMoab

    moavH4124181 times

  • וְ֠הוּאand he

    vehu'H19311879 times

  • יָרַ֞דhe went down

    yaradH3381381 times

  • וְהִכָּ֧הand he struck down

    vehikahH5221499 times

  • אֶֽת־<obj.>

    ʾet-H85310935 times

  • הָאֲרִ֛יthe lion

    haariyahH73880 times

  • בְּת֥וֹךְin [the] midst of

    betokhH8432418 times

  • הַבֹּ֖ארthe pit

    haborH953

  • בְּי֥וֹםon [the] day of

    beyomH31172304 times

  • הַשָּֽׁלֶג׃the snow

    hashalegH7950

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    2 Samuel 20:23

    Now Joab was over the whole army of Israel; Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites;

    it leads to

    • 2 Samuel 8:16–18

      Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;

  • Through

    1 Kings 1:8

    But Zadok the priest, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei, and David’s mighty men would not join Adonijah.

    it leads to

    • 1 Kings 4:18

      Shimei son of Ela in Benjamin;

    • 2 Samuel 20:25

      Sheva was the scribe; Zadok and Abiathar were priests;

    • 2 Samuel 23:8–39

      These are the names of David’s mighty men: Josheb-basshebeth the Tahchemonite was chief of the Three. He wielded his spear against eight hundred men, whom he killed at one time.

  • Through

    2 Samuel 8:18

    Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites; and David’s sons were priestly leaders.

    it leads to

    • 1 Samuel 30:14

      We raided the Negev of the Cherethites, the territory of Judah, and the Negev of Caleb, and we burned down Ziklag.”

    • 2 Samuel 20:7

      So Joab’s men, along with the Cherethites, the Pelethites, and all the mighty men, marched out of Jerusalem in pursuit of Sheba son of Bichri.

    • 2 Samuel 20:23

      Now Joab was over the whole army of Israel; Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites;

  • Through

    Joshua 15:21

    These were the southernmost cities of the tribe of Judah in the Negev toward the border of Edom:

    it leads to

    • Genesis 35:21

      Israel again set out and pitched his tent beyond the Tower of Eder.

Where this verse is studied

About 2 Samuel

This page draws on 9 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Bede, Questions on the Book of Kings #10; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Keil and Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Books of Samuel and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.