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2 Samuel 10:19

in 2 Samuel 10

When all the kings who were subject to Hadadezer saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they made peace with Israel and became subject to them. So the Arameans were afraid to help the Ammonites anymore.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

And when all the kings that were servants to Hadarezer saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and served them. So the Syrians feared to help the children of Ammon any more.

KJV

And when all the kings that were servants to Hadarezer saw that they were smitten before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and served them. So the Syrians feared to help the children of Ammon any more.

This verse in 2 Samuel 10

Commentary

7 notes on this verse
Servants to Hadarezer - This gives us an idea of the great power of Hadarezer, and consequently of the strength of Israel in David’s victorious reign.

This site's exposition

passed over Jordan, and came to Helam

on 2 Samuel 10:17-19

This time David takes the field himself, gathers all Israel, crosses the Jordan, and meets the Syrians at Helam, where they break before Israel a second time and their commander Shobach dies in the rout. Every king who had served Hadarezer now makes peace with Israel and serves David instead, and the coalition that hired itself out to Ammon at the chapter's opening will not help them again. Wesley reads the outcome as the promise of the Euphrates border made to Abraham and repeated to Joshua reaching further than it had before, so a war that began over a shaved beard ends with Israel's border pressed toward where the covenant had said it would stand.

This site's exposition

they made peace with Israel

Clarke says each king made peace alone and paid tribute. Barnes measures the strength of Israel by the kings who had been subject to Hadadezer. Clarke counts eight wars David had won, and here the book turns toward his fall.

The record, by era

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

And served them - And thus at length was fulfilled the promise made to Abraham, and repeated to Joshua, that the borders of Israel should extend as far as the river Euphrates.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

4 ), that the borders of Israel should extend to the river Euphrates, was performed, at length. (2.) The Ammonites lost their old allies: The Syrians feared to help the children of Ammon, not because they had an unrighteous cause (justifying a crime which was a breach of the law of nations), but because they found it was an unsuccessful cause.

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-citation-number+unbalanced-parens

And when all the kings that were servants to Hadarezer,....

The Nineteenth Century1 voice

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

Made peace with Israel - They made this peace separately, and were obliged to pay tribute to the Israelites. Some copies of the Vulgate add here after the word Israel, Expaverunt et fugerunt quinquaginta et octo millia coram Israel; “and they were panic-struck, and fled fifty-eight thousand of them before Israel.” This reading is nowhere else to be found. “Thus,” observes Dr. Delaney, “the arms of David were blessed; and God accomplished the promises which he had made to Abraham, Gen 15:18, and renewed to Joshua, Jos 1:2, Jos 1:4.” And thus, in the space of nineteen or twenty years, David had the good fortune to finish gloriously eight wars, all righteously undertaken, and all honourably terminated; viz. 1. The civil war with Ish-bosheth. 2. The war against the Jebusites. 3. The war against the Philistines and their allies. 4. The war against the Philistines alone. 5. The war against the Moabites. 6. The war against Hadadezer. 7. The war against the Idumeans. 8. The war against the Ammonites and Syrians. This last victory was soon followed by the complete conquest of the kingdom of the Ammonites, abandoned by their allies. What glory to the monarch of Israel, had not the splendor of this illustrious epoch been obscured by a complication of crimes, of which one could never have even suspected him capable! We have now done with the first part of this book, in which we find David great, glorious, and pious: we come to the second part, in which we shall have the pain to observe him fallen from God, and his horn defiled in the dust by crimes of the most flagitious nature. Let him that most assuredly standeth take heed lest he fall.

The words behind it

20 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיִּרְא֨וּand they saw

    vaiyiruH72001300 times

  • כָֽל־all

    khol-H36055413 times

  • הַמְּלָכִ֜יםthe kings

    hamelakhimH44282525 times

  • עַבְדֵ֣י[the] servants of

    ʾavdeiH5650799 times

  • הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶרHadadezer

    hadadezerH192812 times

  • כִּ֤יthat

    kiH35884482 times

  • נִגְּפוּ֙they were defeated

    nigefuH506249 times

  • לִפְנֵ֣י<to> before

    lifneiH64402123 times

  • יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsrael

    yisraelH34782507 times

  • וַיַּשְׁלִ֥מוּand they made peace

    vaiyashlimuH7999116 times

  • אֶת־with

    ʾet-H854929 times

  • יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsrael

    yisraelH34782507 times

  • וַיַּֽעַבְד֑וּםand they served them

    vaiyaavdumH5647288 times

  • וַיִּֽרְא֣וּand they were afraid

    vaiyiruH3372315 times

  • אֲרָ֔םAram

    ʾaramH758143 times

  • לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַto deliver

    lehoshia'H3467206 times

  • ע֖וֹדagain

    odH5750490 times

  • אֶת־<obj.>

    ʾet-H85310935 times

  • בְּנֵ֥י[the] people of

    beneiH11214930 times

  • עַמּֽוֹן׃ פAmmon

    amonH5983106 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Revelation 18:10

    In fear of her torment, they will stand at a distance and cry out: “Woe, woe to the great city, the mighty city of Babylon! For in a single hour your judgment has come.”

    it leads to

    • Revelation 18:19

      Then they will throw dust on their heads as they weep and mourn and cry out: “Woe, woe to the great city, where all who had ships on the sea were enriched by her…

    • Revelation 18:8

      Therefore her plagues will come in one day—death and grief and famine—and she will be consumed by fire, for mighty is the Lord God who judges her.”

    • Revelation 18:15–17

      The merchants who sold these things and grew their wealth from her will stand at a distance, in fear of her torment. They will weep and mourn,

    • Revelation 14:8

      Then a second angel followed, saying, “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, who has made all the nations drink the wine of the passion of her immorality.”

    • Amos 5:16

      Therefore this is what the LORD, the God of Hosts, the Lord, says: “There will be wailing in all the public squares and cries of ‘Alas! Alas!’ in all the streets. The farmer will…

  • Through

    2 Samuel 8:6

    Then he placed garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and the Arameans became subject to David and brought him tribute. So the LORD made David victorious wherever he went.

    it leads to

    • 2 Samuel 8:14

      He placed garrisons throughout Edom, and all the Edomites were subject to David. So the LORD made David victorious wherever he went.

    • Psalms 144:1–2

      Blessed be the LORD, my Rock, who trains my hands for war, my fingers for battle.

  • Through

    Isaiah 26:11

    O LORD, Your hand is upraised, but they do not see it. They will see Your zeal for Your people and be put to shame. The fire set for Your enemies will consume them!

    it leads to

    • Hebrews 10:27

      but only a fearful expectation of judgment and of raging fire that will consume all adversaries.

Where this verse is studied

About 2 Samuel

David Attacks the Ammonites — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
David Attacks the Ammonites — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.