Romans 16:12
in Romans 16Greet Tryphena and Tryphosa, women who have worked hard in the Lord. Greet my beloved Persis, who has worked very hard in the Lord.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Salute Tryphæna and Tryphosa, who labor in the Lord. Salute Persis the beloved, who labored much in the Lord.
KJV
Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa, who labour in the Lord. Salute the beloved Persis, which laboured much in the Lord.
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This verse in Romans 16
Commentary
14 notes on this verseGreet Persis most dear, who has labored much in the Lord. This woman seems to be praised more than Tryphaena and Tryphosa, since indeed he says that those labored in the Lord, but that this one labored much in the Lord, to whom he added also "most dear."
This site's exposition
Greet Tryphena and Tryphosa
on Romans 16:12-13
Tryphena, Tryphosa and Persis are commended for hard labor in the Lord. Rufus is called chosen in the Lord, and his mother had been a mother to Paul as well. Mark 15:21 names a Rufus as the son of Simon of Cyrene, a link that rests on the name.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers4 voices
A commentator
Origen of AlexandriaCOMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS · Written before 253.
proposed
Greet Tryphaena and Tryphosa, who labor in the Lord. He gives a good testimony concerning these women, whose labor he testifies to be not of this world, nor of common life, but in the Lord. For many labor, but it is not established that the labor of all is in the Lord.
"Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa, who labor in the Lord." And in regard to the former woman, he says that "she bestowed labor upon you," but of these that they are still laboring. And this is no small encomium, that they should be in work throughout, and should not only work, but labor even. But Persis he calls beloved too, to show that she is greater than these. For he says, "Salute my beloved Persis." And of her great laborings he likewise bears testimony, and says, "which labored much in the Lord." So well does he know how to name each after his deserts, so making these more eager by not depriving them of any of their dues, but commending even the slightest preeminence, and making the others more virtuous, and inciting them to the same zeal, by his encomiums upon these.
A commentator
Theodoret of CyrusINTERPRETATION OF THE LETTER TO THE ROMANS · Written before 458.
proposed
Once more, praise for work which has been done. This presumably refers to hospitality, or fasting, or some other good work of that kind.
Persis appears to be more honored than the other two, because she has worked hard in the Lord. This work is one of encouragement and of service to the saints for Christ's sake when they are under pressure and in need, because they had fled …
The Medieval Church1 voice
Then he says, greet Tryphaena and Tryphosa, who labor in the Lord, i.e., in ministering to the saints, which the Lord regards as done to himself, as it says in Matthew: as you did it to one of these, the least of my brethren, you …
7 more voices on this verse
The Medieval Church1 voice
About Mariam he said above (Rom. 16:6): "who labored much," but about these he says that they are still laboring. It is great praise to always be at work and laboring. She is above the ones mentioned before her; because she not only labored much, …
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa, who labour in the Lord,.... These two were women, and are said to be noble women of Iconium, whom the apostle converted there, and afterwards went to Rome the names are Greek (t), though they might be Jewish women, since Tryphon is the name of a man among the Jews. Trypho, the famous Jew, with whom Justin Martyr had his dialogue, is well known, and perhaps is the same with R.
The Nineteenth Century5 voices
Tryphena and Tryphosa - Two holy women, who it seems were assistants to the apostle in his work, probably by exhorting, visiting the sick, etc. Persis was another woman, who it seems excelled the preceding; for, of her it is said, she labored much in the Lord. We learn from this, that Christian women, as well as men, labored in the ministry of the word. In those times of simplicity all persons, whether men or women, who had received the knowledge of the truth, believed it to be their duty to propagate it to the uttermost of their power.
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa, who labour in the Lord--two active women. Salute the beloved Persis--another woman. which laboured much in the Lord--referring probably, not to official services, such as would fall to the deaconesses, but to such higher Christian labors--yet within the sphere competent to woman--as Priscilla bestowed on Apollos and others (Ac 18:18).
THIS chapter contains Paul's loving salutation to the various Christians dwelling at Rome. Remember that it is an Inspired passage. Although it consists of Christian courtesies addressed to different individuals, yet it was written by an Apostle and written not as an ordinary letter but as a part of the Inspired volume. Therefore there must be valuable matter in it and though, when we read it, it may appear to be uninstructive, there must be edifying matter beneath the surface because all Scripture is given by Inspiration and is meant to benefit us in one way or another.
THIS chapter contains Paul's loving salutation to the various Christians dwelling at Rome. Remember that it is an Inspired passage. Although it consists of Christian courtesies addressed to different individuals, yet it was written by an Apostle and written not as an ordinary letter but as a part of the Inspired volume. Therefore there must be valuable matter in it and though, when we read it, it may appear to be uninstructive, there must be edifying matter beneath the surface because all Scripture is given by Inspiration and is meant to benefit us in one way or another. It shows to us one thing, at any rate, that Paul was of a most affectionate disposition and that God did not select as the Apostle of the Gentiles a man of a coarse, unfeeling, selfish turn of mind. His memory, as well as his heart, must have been in good condition to remember so large a number of names and these were but a few of his many beloved Brethren and spiritual children all over the world whom he mentions by name in his other Epistles. His warm heart, I doubt not, quickened his memory and secured to his remembrance the form, condition, history, character and name of each one of his friends. He loved them too well to forget them! Christians should love one another and should bear one another's names upon their hearts, even as the great High Priest wears the names of all His saints upon His jeweled breastplate. A Christian, because of the love he bears to others, is ever anxious to please by courtesy and desires—never to pain by rudeness. Grace makes the servant of God to be, in the highest sense, a true gentleman. If we learn nothing more from this passage than the duty of acting lovingly and courteously, one to the other, we shall be all the better for it, for there is none too much tender consideration and gentle speech among professors at this time. I.
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
Tryphena and Tryphosa - These names, with the participle rendered “who labor,” are in the feminine gender, and these were probably two holy women, who performed the function of deaconesses, or who ministered to the sick, and who with Persia, thus by example, and perhaps by instruction, labored to promote the spread of Christianity. Pious females, then, as now, were able to do much in their proper sphere to extend the truths and blessings of the gospel.
The words behind it
17 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ἀσπάσασθε | aspasasthe | do greet | G782 → | 57 times |
| Τρύφαιναν | truphainan | Tryphena | G5170 → | |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| Τρυφῶσαν | truphosan | Tryphosa | G5173 → | |
| τὰς | tas | those | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| κοπιώσας | kopiosas | toiling | G2872 → | 22 times |
| ἐν | en | in [the] | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| κυρίῳ. | kurio | Lord. | G2962 → | 711 times |
| ἀσπάσασθε | aspasasthe | do greet | G782 → | 57 times |
| Περσίδα | persida | Persis | G4069 → | |
| τὴν | ten | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ἀγαπητήν, | agapeten | beloved, | G27 → | 61 times |
| ἥτις | hetis | who | G3748 → | 144 times |
| πολλὰ | polla | much | G4183 → | 367 times |
| ἐκοπίασεν | ekopiasen | toiled | G2872 → | 22 times |
| ἐν | en | in [the] | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| κυρίῳ.¶ | kurio | Lord. | G2962 → | 711 times |
ἀσπάσασθεdo greet
aspasastheG782 →57 times
ΤρύφαινανTryphena
truphainanG5170 →
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ΤρυφῶσανTryphosa
truphosanG5173 →
τὰςthose
tasG3588 →19766 times
κοπιώσαςtoiling
kopiosasG2872 →22 times
ἐνin [the]
enG1722 →2738 times
κυρίῳ.Lord.
kurioG2962 →711 times
ἀσπάσασθεdo greet
aspasastheG782 →57 times
ΠερσίδαPersis
persidaG4069 →
τὴνthe
tenG3588 →19766 times
ἀγαπητήν,beloved,
agapetenG27 →61 times
ἥτιςwho
hetisG3748 →144 times
πολλὰmuch
pollaG4183 →367 times
ἐκοπίασενtoiled
ekopiasenG2872 →22 times
ἐνin [the]
enG1722 →2738 times
κυρίῳ.¶Lord.
kurioG2962 →711 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
1 Corinthians 15:58Therefore, my beloved brothers, be steadfast and immovable. Always excel in the work of the Lord, because you know that your labor in the Lord is not in vain.
it leads to
- Galatians 6:9
Let us not grow weary in well-doing, for in due time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up.
- 2 Chronicles 15:7
But as for you, be strong; do not be discouraged, for your work will be rewarded.”
- Hebrews 6:10
For God is not unjust. He will not forget your work and the love you have shown for His name as you have ministered to the saints and continue to do so.
- Philippians 2:16
as you hold forth the word of life, in order that I may boast on the day of Christ that I did not run or labor in vain.
- 1 Corinthians 3:8
He who plants and he who waters are one in purpose, and each will be rewarded according to his own labor.
- Galatians 6:9
Through
Matthew 9:38Ask the Lord of the harvest, therefore, to send out workers into His harvest.”
it leads to
- Luke 10:1–2
After this, the Lord appointed seventy-two others and sent them two by two ahead of Him to every town and place He was about to visit.
- Jeremiah 3:15
Then I will give you shepherds after My own heart, who will feed you with knowledge and understanding.”
- 2 Thessalonians 3:1
Finally, brothers, pray for us, that the word of the Lord may spread quickly and be held in honor, just as it was with you.
- Luke 10:1–2
Where this verse is studied
On this page
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About Romans

This page draws on 12 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrosiaster, COMMENTARY ON PAUL'S EPISTLES; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 1113: “Romans, But Not romanists” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Chrysostom, Homily on Romans 31; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS; Theodoret of Cyrus, INTERPRETATION OF THE LETTER TO THE ROMANS; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Romans and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Romans.
