Romans 2:5
in Romans 2But because of your hard and unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
but after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up for thyself wrath in the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God;
KJV
But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God;
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This verse in Romans 2
Commentary
23 notes on this verseBut after thy hardness and impenitent heart,.... The apostle goes on to show, that such persons who promise themselves impunity on the score of prosperity, shall not always go unobserved and unpunished; for there is a day of wrath and righteous judgment hastening on, and will take place after they have filled up the measure of their iniquity. There is a natural "hardness" of the heart in every son and daughter of Adam; and there is an acquired habitual hardness, which is increased by sinning; and a judicial one, which God, for sin, sometimes gives persons up unto.
This site's exposition
your hard and unrepentant heart
on Romans 2:5-6
A hard and unrepentant heart stores up wrath for itself, the way a man stores up money, one day at a time. The store opens on the day God reveals His righteous judgment. Verse 6 gives the standard there: God repays each one according to his deeds.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
The one who hopes he can get away with his sins not only remains unconvertible and intractable but in addition sins more seriously still, sure that there will be no future judgment. He has an impenitent heart, unaware that he is storing up wrath for …
Whenever Paul talks about the wrath of God he understands it to mean punishment.
...from whom those who believe God and follow His word receive that salvation which flows from Him. Those, on the other hand, who depart from Him, and despise His precepts, and by their deeds bring dishonour on Him who made them, and by their opinions blaspheme Him who nourishes them, heap up against themselves most righteous judgment.
A commentator
Origen of AlexandriaCOMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS · Written before 253.
proposed
"But according to your hardness and impenitent heart, you treasure up for yourself wrath in the day of wrath, and of the revelation of the just judgment of God, who will render to each one according to his works." A heart is said in the Scriptures to be hard when the human mind, bound fast as wax by the cold of iniquity, does not receive the impress of the divine image. This same thing is elsewhere called a thick heart, as when it is said: "The heart of this people has grown thick." But the opposite of hard is soft, which in the Scriptures is named a heart of flesh; and the opposite of thick is fine, or thin, which the Apostle calls the spiritual man — he who examines all things. Therefore, when someone knows what things are good, and does not do the good, he must be believed to hold contempt for all good things through hardness of heart. But thickness of heart is where the perception of subtle and spiritual understanding is not received; and thus a heart made impenitent treasures up for itself wrath in the day of wrath and of the revelation of the just judgment of God, since the good work is not done because of hardness, while good understanding is shut out through the thickness of the heart. Concerning the wrath of God, both above — so far as the subject allowed — and in other places, it has often been discussed. But what he says, "You treasure up for yourself wrath in the day of wrath," must be considered. That is called a treasury in which wealth and riches of various kinds are gathered together. Of this we read a threefold signification in the Scriptures. For in the Gospel there is said to be a certain treasure on earth, in which the Lord forbids treasure to be laid up; and another treasure in heaven, in which he bids all the faithful to store away their wealth; and here now the Apostle speaks of treasures of wrath. […]
Without doubt this is said of Christ, for he himself will judge.
16 more voices on this verse
The Church Fathers5 voices
For luxury and deceit have no memories, on account of the folly with which they are clothed; but when punishment and torture cleave to a man for one day, he is punished and tortured for a year; for punishment and torture have powerful memories. While tortured and punished, therefore, for a whole year, he remembers at last the luxury and deceit, and knows that on their account he suffers evil.
A commentator
Gennadius of ConstantinoplePAULINE COMMENTARY FROM THE GREEK CHURCH · Written before 471.
proposed
God's patience toward you gives you the opportunity for every kind of wickedness. Realize clearly therefore that you are storing up wrath for yourself because of your hardness.
"But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath." For when a man is neither to be softened by goodness nor to be turned back by fear, what can be harder than such an one? For after that he had showed the goodness of God towards men, he then shows His vengeance that it is unbearable for him who does not even so return to repentance. And observe with what propriety he uses the words! "Thou treasurest up unto thyself wrath," he says, so making it plain what is certainly laid up, and showing that it is not He that judgeth, but he that is condemned, who is the author of this. For he says, "thou treasurest up for thyself," not God for thee. For He did all, whatsoever things were fitting, and created thee with a power to discern between good and what was not so, and showed long-suffering over thee, and called thee to repentance, and threatened a fearful day, so by every means drawing thee to repentance. But if thou shouldest continue unyielding, "thou treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation and the righteous judgment of God." For lest on hearing of wrath thou shouldest think of any passion, he adds, "the righteous judgment of God." And he said "revelation" with good reason, for then is this revealed when each man receives his desert. For here many men often annoy and practise harm to one without justice. But hereafter it is not so.
If a person sins once or even twice and then without excuses has recourse to the healing of penance, he will recover his former good condition without any delay. But if he begins to add sin upon sin and prefers to acquire an infection by …
A commentator
Severian of GabalaPAULINE COMMENTARY FROM THE GREEK CHURCH · Written before 425.
proposed
When talking about the way they were "storing up" an accumulation of sins, Paul showed that there would also be a greater store of punishment, as a result of the patient endurance of the judge toward those who were suffering so incurably.
The Medieval Church5 voices
A commentator
BonaventureCollationes de Septem Donis, Collation 3 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
Through piety the incarnate Son of God assumed flesh, ascended the cross, was raised from the dead, sent the Holy Spirit upon the earth, called the Church to himself, and freed all the worthy from misery through piety. The Apostle to the Romans says: "Do …
A commentator
Bernard of ClairvauxSermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 69 · Written before 1153.
proposed
Woe also to those who are of Adam, who, born children of wrath, by diabolical obstinacy turn for themselves wrath into fury, the rod into a staff, nay into a hammer. For indeed they treasure up wrath for themselves in the day of wrath. But …
Then when he says but according to your hardness, he shows the danger of contempt, because it is not softened by the blessings of God's goodness: a hard heart will be afflicted at the end (Sir 4:26); and impenitent heart, which is not moved to …
"You are storing up," he says, "wrath for yourself" — God is not storing it up for you, but you yourself are storing it up for yourself. How so? By your unyielding and hardened heart toward good. For what can be harder than you, when …
A commentator
BonaventureCollationes de Septem Donis, Collation 2 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
The Apostle to the Romans: "Do you not know that the kindness of God leads you to repentance? But according to your hardness and impenitent heart, you treasure up for yourself wrath on the day of wrath and of the revelation of the just judgment …
The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices
And that day of wrath will be the day of the revelation of the righteous judgment of God. The wrath of God is not like our wrath, a heat and passion; no, fury is not in him ( Isa. xxvii. 4 ): but it is a righteous judgment, his will to punish sin, because he hates it as contrary to his nature.
, he here illustrates that judgment, and the righteousness of it, and shows what we may expect from God, and by what rule he will judge the world. The equity of distributive justice is the dispensing of frowns and favours with respect to deserts and without respect to persons: such is the righteous judgment of God.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-punctuation
When God shall be revealed, then shall also be "revealed" the secrets of men's hearts, ver. 16. Forbearance and Revelation respect God, and are opposed to each other; longsuffering and righteous judgment respect the sinner; goodness and wrath are words of a more general import.
quarantine:anchor (2026-07-29) — cites-ver-16-anchored-5-5
The Nineteenth Century3 voices
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
But after thy hardness - The word “after” here κατά kata means in respect to, or you act according to the direct tendency of a hard heart in treasuring up wrath. The word “hardness” is used to denote insensibility of mind. It properly means what is insensible to the touch, or on which no impression is made by contact, as a stone, etc. Hence, it is applied to the mind, to denote a state where no motives make an impression; which is insensible to all the appeals made to it; see Mat 25:24; Mat 19:8; Act 19:
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
What an awful idea is here expressed--that the sinner himself is amassing, like hoarded treasure, an ever accumulating stock of divine wrath, to burst upon him in "the day of the revelation of the righteous judgment of God!" And this is said not of the reckless, but of those who boasted of their purity of faith and life.
But after thy hardness - Occasioned by thy long course of iniquity. And impenitent heart-produced by thy hardness, through which thou art callous to the calls and expostulations of conscience. Treasurest up - continuest to increase thy debt to the Divine justice, which will infallibly inflict wrath - punishment in the day of wrath - the judgment day, in which he will render to every man according to his works. The word treasure the Hebrew uses to express any kind of store or collection: - Treasure or plenty of rain. Deu 28:12: The Lord shall open unto thee his good Treasure, to give the Rain unto thy land. Treasure of punishment. Deu 32:34, Deu 32:35: Is not this sealed up among my Treasures? To me belongeth Vengeance and Recompense. Treasures of mines, i.e. abundance of minerals. Deu 33:19: They shall suck of the Abundance of the seas, and of Treasures hid in the sand. So treasures of gold, silver, corn, wine, oil, etc., mean collections or an abundance of such things: the word is used by the Greek writers precisely in the same sense. By wrath we are to understand punishment, as in Rom 1:18; and it is used so by the very best Greek writers. See Kypke. The treasure of wrath, in this verse, is opposed to the riches of goodness, in the preceding. As surely as thou despisest, or neglectest to improve the Riches of God’s Goodness, so surely thou shalt share in the Treasures of his Wrath. The punishment shall be proportioned to the mercy thou hast abused.
The words behind it
19 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| κατὰ | kata | Because of | G2596 → | 468 times |
| δὲ | de | however | G1161 → | 2765 times |
| τὴν | ten | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| σκληρότητά | skleroteta | hardness | G4643 → | |
| σου | sou | of you | G4771 → | 2973 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ἀμετανόητον | ametanoeton | unrepentant | G279 → | |
| καρδίαν | kardian | heart | G2588 → | 156 times |
| θησαυρίζεις | thesaurizeis | you are treasuring up | G2343 → | |
| σεαυτῷ | seauto | to yourself | G4771 → | 2973 times |
| ὀργὴν | orgen | wrath | G3709 → | 36 times |
| ἐν | en | in | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| ἡμέρᾳ | hemera | [the] day | G2250 → | 389 times |
| ὀργῆς | orges | of wrath | G3709 → | 36 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ἀποκαλύψεως | apokalupseos | revelation | G602 → | |
| δικαιοκρισίας | dikaiokrisias | of justice | G1341 → | |
| τοῦ | tou | <the> | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| θεοῦ, | theou | of God, | G2316 → | 1312 times |
κατὰBecause of
kataG2596 →468 times
δὲhowever
deG1161 →2765 times
τὴνthe
tenG3588 →19766 times
σκληρότητάhardness
sklerotetaG4643 →
σουof you
souG4771 →2973 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ἀμετανόητονunrepentant
ametanoetonG279 →
καρδίανheart
kardianG2588 →156 times
θησαυρίζειςyou are treasuring up
thesaurizeisG2343 →
σεαυτῷto yourself
seautoG4771 →2973 times
ὀργὴνwrath
orgenG3709 →36 times
ἐνin
enG1722 →2738 times
ἡμέρᾳ[the] day
hemeraG2250 →389 times
ὀργῆςof wrath
orgesG3709 →36 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ἀποκαλύψεωςrevelation
apokalupseosG602 →
δικαιοκρισίαςof justice
dikaiokrisiasG1341 →
τοῦ<the>
touG3588 →19766 times
θεοῦ,of God,
theouG2316 →1312 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Ecclesiastes 12:14For God will bring every deed into judgment, along with every hidden thing, whether good or evil.
it leads to
- 2 Corinthians 5:10
For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, that each one may receive his due for the things done in the body, whether good or bad.
- Romans 2:16
on the day when God will judge men’s secrets through Christ Jesus, as proclaimed by my gospel.
- Matthew 12:36
But I tell you that men will give an account on the day of judgment for every careless word they have spoken.
- 1 Corinthians 4:5
Therefore judge nothing before the appointed time; wait until the Lord comes. He will bring to light what is hidden in darkness and will expose the motives of men’s hearts. At that time each…
- 2 Corinthians 5:10
Through
Romans 1:18The wrath of God is being revealed from heaven against all the godlessness and wickedness of men who suppress the truth by their wickedness.
it leads to
- Ephesians 5:6
Let no one deceive you with empty words, for because of such things the wrath of God is coming on the sons of disobedience.
- 1 Timothy 4:1–2
Now the Spirit expressly states that in later times some will abandon the faith to follow deceitful spirits and the teachings of demons,
- Romans 1:32
Although they know God’s righteous decree that those who do such things are worthy of death, they not only continue to do these things, but also approve of those who practice them.
- Colossians 3:6
Because of these, the wrath of God is coming on the sons of disobedience.
- Ephesians 5:6
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies8
About Romans

This page draws on 23 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrosiaster, COMMENTARY ON PAUL'S EPISTLES; Augustine of Hippo, AUGUSTINE ON ROMANS 9; Bernard of Clairvaux, Sermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 69; Bonaventure, Collationes de Septem Donis, Collation 3; Bonaventure, Collationes de Septem Donis, Collation 2; Caesarius of Arles, SERMON 65.1; Charles Hodge, Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans; Gaius Marius Victorinus, AGAINST ARIUS 1A.17; Gennadius of Constantinople, PAULINE COMMENTARY FROM THE GREEK CHURCH; Irenaeus, Irenaeus Against Heresies Book 4; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Calvin, Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans; John Chrysostom, Homily on Romans 5; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS; Severian of Gabala, PAULINE COMMENTARY FROM THE GREEK CHURCH; Shepherd of Hermas, Shepherd of Hermas, Similitude 6; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Romans and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Romans.
