1 Timothy 5:11
in 1 Timothy 5But refuse to enroll younger widows. For when their passions draw them away from Christ, they will want to marry,
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
But younger widows refuse: for when they have waxed wanton against Christ, they desire to marry;
KJV
But the younger widows refuse: for when they have begun to wax wanton against Christ, they will marry;
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This verse in 1 Timothy 5
Commentary
18 notes on this verseThat all widows that are approved are to be held in honour. In the first Epistle of Paul to Timothy: "Honour widows which are truly widows. But the widow that is wanton, is dead while she liveth." And again: "But the younger widows pass by: for when they shall be wanton in Christ, they wish to marry; having judgment, because they have cast off their first faith."
This site's exposition
refuse to enroll younger widows
on 1 Timothy 5:11-13
Timothy is to refuse to enroll younger widows, since they will want to marry and break a pledge tied to the roll. They incur judgment for setting aside their first faith, read either as a broken pledge or a lapse of devotion.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
But refuse younger widows; for when they have indulged themselves against Christ, they desire to marry, having condemnation because they have cast off their first faith. But refuse younger widows. Therefore, when the struggle becomes greater among virgins, nowhere does it seem to express the …
When the apostle says elsewhere, "I desire that the younger widows marry, bear children, rule their households," he recommends the good of marriage with wisdom and apostolic authority. He does not impose the duty of bearing children. It is not to be treated as it were a law to be observed, at least in the case of those who have chosen the state of continence. Finally, he makes it clear why he has said this, by adding, "Give the adversary no occasion for abusing us. For already some have turned aside after Satan." By these words he wishes us to understand that for the young widows whom he thought it fitting to be married, continence would have been better than marriage, but that it was better for them to marry than to turn aside after Satan, that is, by looking back to former things after having chosen the excellent state of chastity in virginity or widowhood, to abandon it and to perish.
A commentator
Apostolic ConstitutionsConstitutions of the Holy Apostles Book 3 · Written before 380.
proposed
But if you admit one younger into the order of widows, and she cannot bear her widowhood in her youth, and marries, she will procure indecent reflections on the glory of the order of the widows, and shall give an account to God; not because she married a second time, but because she has "waxed wanton against Christ," and not kept her promise, because she did not come and keep her promise with faith and the fear of God. Wherefore such a promise ought not to be rashly made, but with great caution: "for it is better for her not to vow, than to vow and not to pay."
Paul himself has condemned women who chose widowhood but then do not desire to abide by their decision.
Why then, you ask, did Paul forbid young women to remain as widows even if they were willing?… Do you not see that it is not those who wish to keep their widowhood but rather those who prefer to marry after being widowed whom he forbids to remain as widows and to be appointed to that holy company? And he does so very wisely. For if you should intend to engage in second marriages, he says, do not profess widowhood. For breaking a promise is much worse than not promising at all.
11 more voices on this verse
The Church Fathers1 voice
"The younger widows refuse, for when they have begun to wax wanton against Christ, they will marry"; that is, when they have become scornful and luxurious. For as in the case of a just man, we might say, "Let her depart, for she has become another's." He shows therefore that though they chose widowhood, it was not the choice of their judgment. So then a widow, by the state of widowhood, is espoused to Christ. For He has said, "I am the defender of the widows and the father of the orphans." He shows that they do not choose widowhood as they ought, but wax wanton: however he bears with them. Elsewhere indeed he says, "I have espoused you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ."
The Medieval Church4 voices
A commentator
BonaventureDisputed Questions on Evangelical Perfection, Question 3 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
Against the vowing of widowed continence it is objected: 1 Timothy 5: Let a widow be chosen not less than sixty years of age; and in the same place: Avoid the younger widows: therefore it does not seem that widowed chastity should be undertaken except …
A commentator
BonaventureDisputed Questions on Evangelical Perfection, Question 3 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
To that which is objected: Let a widow be chosen not less than sixty years old: it must be said that this is not understood with respect to the vow of continence, but with respect to the ministry that was to be rendered to the …
Why does the apostle give no commandment regarding the age of virgins, even though this feat was far more important? Undoubtedly because such a feat is a feat of an exalted spiritual disposition and great zeal. On the contrary, when the apostle requires of virgins …
Then when he says, but the younger widows avoid, he shows which ones are to be avoided: first, he shows this; second, he gives the reason, at when they have grown wanton. He says, therefore: let older widows be chosen, but the younger widows avoid, …
The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices
For when they are waxed wanton against Christ - To whose more immediate service they had addicted themselves. They want to marry - And not with a single eye to the glory of God; and so withdraw themselves from that entire service of the church to which they were before engaged.
You read of a first love ( Rev. ii. 4 ), and here of a first faith, that is, the engagements they gave to the church to behave well, and as became the trust reposed in them: it does not appear that by their first faith is meant their vow not to marry, for the scripture is very silent on that head; besides the apostle here advises the younger widows to marry (
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens
But the younger widows refuse,....
The Nineteenth Century3 voices
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
But the younger widows refuse - That is, in respect to the matter under discussion. Do not admit them into the class of widows referred to. It cannot mean that he was to reject them as members of the church, or not to treat them with respect and kindness. For when they have begun to wax wanton against Christ - There is probably a thought conveyed by these words to most minds which is by no means in the original, and which does injustice both to the apostle and to the “younger widows” referred to.
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
proposed
younger--than sixty years old (1Ti 5:9). refuse--to take on the roll of presbyteress widows. wax wanton--literally, "over-strong" (2Ch 26:16). against Christ--rebelling against Christ, their proper Bridegroom [JEROME]. they will--Greek, "they wish"; their desire is to marry again.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — starts-lowercase
But the younger widows refuse - Do not admit those into this office who are under sixty years of age. Probably those who were received into such a list promised to abide in their widowhood. But as young or comparatively young women might have both occasion and temptations to remarry, and so break their engagement to Christ, they should not be admitted. Not that the apostle condemns their remarrying as a crime in itself, but because it was contrary to their engagement. See on 1Ti 5:14 (note). Wax wanton - Καταστρηνιασωσι· From κατα, intensive, and στρηνιαω, to act in a luxurious or wanton manner. The word is supposed to be derived from στερειν, to remove, and ἡνια, the rein; and is a metaphor taken from a pampered horse, from whose mouth the rein has been removed, so that there is nothing to check or confine him. The metaphor is plain enough, and the application easy.
The words behind it
11 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| νεωτέρας | neoteras | Younger | G3501 → | 24 times |
| δὲ | de | however | G1161 → | 2765 times |
| χήρας | cheras | widows | G5503 → | 26 times |
| παραιτοῦ· | paraitou | do refuse; | G3868 → | |
| ὅταν | hotan | when | G3752 → | |
| γὰρ | gar | for | G1063 → | 1039 times |
| καταστρηνιάσωσιν | katastreniasosin | they may grow wanton against | G2691 → | |
| τοῦ | tou | <the> | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| Χριστοῦ, | christou | Christ, | G5547 → | 523 times |
| γαμεῖν | gamein | to marry | G1060 → | 28 times |
| θέλουσιν | thelousin | they desire | G2309 → | 208 times |
νεωτέραςYounger
neoterasG3501 →24 times
δὲhowever
deG1161 →2765 times
χήραςwidows
cherasG5503 →26 times
παραιτοῦ·do refuse;
paraitouG3868 →
ὅτανwhen
hotanG3752 →
γὰρfor
garG1063 →1039 times
καταστρηνιάσωσινthey may grow wanton against
katastreniasosinG2691 →
τοῦ<the>
touG3588 →19766 times
Χριστοῦ,Christ,
christouG5547 →523 times
γαμεῖνto marry
gameinG1060 →28 times
θέλουσινthey desire
thelousinG2309 →208 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
James 5:5You have lived on earth in luxury and self-indulgence. You have fattened your hearts in the day of slaughter.
it leads to
- 1 Timothy 5:6
But she who lives for pleasure is dead even while she is still alive.
- Luke 16:25
But Abraham answered, ‘Child, remember that during your lifetime you received your good things, while Lazarus received bad things. But now he is comforted here, while you are in agony.
- 1 Timothy 5:6
Through
1 Timothy 5:14So I advise the younger widows to marry, have children, and manage their households, denying the adversary occasion for slander.
it leads to
- Titus 2:5
to be self-controlled, pure, managers of their households, kind, and submissive to their own husbands, so that the word of God will not be discredited.
- 1 Timothy 6:1
All who are under the yoke of slavery should regard their masters as fully worthy of honor, so that God’s name and our teaching will not be discredited.
- Titus 2:5
Through
Isaiah 3:16The LORD also says: “Because the daughters of Zion are haughty—walking with heads held high and wanton eyes, prancing and skipping as they go, jingling the bracelets on their ankles—
it leads to
- Isaiah 32:9–11
Stand up, you complacent women; listen to me. Give ear to my word, you overconfident daughters.
- Ezekiel 16:49–50
Now this was the iniquity of your sister Sodom: She and her daughters were arrogant, overfed, and complacent; they did not help the poor and needy.
- Proverbs 30:13
There is a generation—how haughty are their eyes and pretentious are their glances—
- Isaiah 4:4
when the Lord has washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion and cleansed the bloodstains from the heart of Jerusalem by a spirit of judgment and a spirit of fire.
- Isaiah 32:9–11
Where this verse is studied
On this page
About 1 Timothy

This page draws on 16 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Apostolic Constitutions, Constitutions of the Holy Apostles Book 3; Augustine of Hippo, THE EXCELLENCE OF WIDOWHOOD 8.11; Bonaventure, Disputed Questions on Evangelical Perfection, Question 3; Cyprian, Treatise XII Three Books of Testimonies Against the Jews; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Chrysostom, ON VIRGINITY 36.2; John Chrysostom, AGAINST REMARRIAGE 3; John Chrysostom, Homily on 1 Timothy 15; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Oecumenius, COMMENTARY ON 1 TIMOTHY; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on 1 Timothy and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on 1 Timothy.
