1 Samuel 4:19
in 1 Samuel 4Now Eli’s daughter-in-law, the wife of Phinehas, was pregnant and about to give birth. When she heard the news of the capture of God’s ark and the deaths of her father-in-law and her husband, she collapsed and gave birth, for her labor pains overtook her.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And his daughter-in-law, Phinehas’ wife, was with child, near to be delivered: and when she heard the tidings that the ark of God was taken, and that her father-in-law and her husband were dead, she bowed herself and brought forth; for her pains came upon her.
KJV
And his daughter in law, Phinehas’ wife, was with child, near to be delivered: and when she heard the tidings that the ark of God was taken, and that her father in law and her husband were dead, she bowed herself and travailed; for her pains came upon her.
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This verse in 1 Samuel 4
Commentary
9 notes on this verseLet us read the Scriptures, and we will never find that holy women, except Rachel, gave birth with pain: because she was on the way and in the hippodrome, that is, in the race of horses, which are sold in Egypt, she gave birth to a son of pain, whom later the father called the son of his right hand. Eve, expelled from paradise and hearing: "In pain you will bring forth children," is said to have given birth in pain.
This site's exposition
the wife of Phinehas, was pregnant
on 1 Samuel 4:19-20
Phinehas's wife goes into labor at the news, and the verse names “the capture of God’s ark” before the deaths of her father-in-law and husband. When the women tell her she has borne a son, “she did not respond or pay any heed”, her grief swallowing the comfort of new life. The narrator gives her no name, only her relation to Phinehas, and lets her silence carry the weight.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers1 voice
"Their priests fell by the sword and their widows were not mourned." We read that during the captivity the sons of the priest Eli were put to the sword by the foreigners. The wife of one of them thus widowed suddenly gave birth and prematurely …
The Medieval Church2 voices
Now his daughter-in-law, the wife of Phinehas, was pregnant, etc. The Synagogue, entrusted with the children of the legal priesthood to govern, indeed received the seed of the word from the teachers and was near to producing the fruit of faith, which it had long …
A commentator
Gregory the DialogistCommentary on 1 Kings, Book 3, Chapter 2 · Written before 604.
proposed
26. But who was the daughter-in-law of Eli, if not the people of the Jews, subject to reprobate priests? Because she had received the seeds of unbelief in her mind through their preaching, she was pregnant. And because she was also thinking of pouring forth the malice she had conceived, she is said to have been not only pregnant but also near to giving birth. But what does it mean that, upon hearing of the capture of the ark and the death of her father-in-law and her husband, she is said to have given birth, except that the remnant of the Jewish people, when it recognizes that the spiritual mysteries of the Scriptures have passed over to the instruction of the Gentiles, when it now sees that the wise men of the Synagogue have perished along with both priesthoods, does not cease to pour forth by speaking the seeds of its heresy, which it had conceived? For her to give birth is to disclose to others by speaking the depravity she had conceived. And because she preaches reprobate things, while she is said to give birth, she is recorded as having bent over. For those who speak of heavenly things give birth, as it were, without bending over, because in the standing posture of faith they raise the hearts of their hearers to the pursuit of good works. She, therefore, who asserts crooked things gives birth bent over, because indeed by her speaking she brings it about that the more intently she speaks, the more deeply she is cast down into the abyss of her own damnation. Rightly, therefore, while she is bent over in giving birth, she is said to die. For she dies in giving birth, because she is condemned in the guilt of her blasphemy. And because she does not foresee the torments of her death, sudden pains are said to rush upon her. For sudden pains are the unexpected afflictions of death coming without foresight. […]
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
And his daughter in law, Phinehas's wife, was with child, near to be delivered,.... Was near her time, as it is commonly expressed.
Perhaps it is meant of his prophecy against the house of Eli. This was generally known and talked of, and all that were serious and observing compared the events here related, when they came to pass, with the prophecy, and saw it accomplished in them.
2 more voices on this verse
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
Those who are drawing near to that trying hour have need to treasure up for themselves comforts from the covenant of grace, to balance, not only the usual sorrows, but any thing extraordinary that may add to the grief which they do not foresee. Faith, at such a time, will keep from fainting, Ps. xxvii.
The Nineteenth Century1 voice
And his daughter-in-law - This is another very affecting story; the defeat of Israel, the capture of the ark, the death of her father-in-law, and the slaughter of her husband, were more than a woman in her circumstances, near the time of her delivery could bear. She bowed, travailed, was delivered of a son, gave the child a name indicative of the ruined state of Israel, and expired!
The words behind it
21 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| וְכַלָּת֣וֹ | vekhalato | and daughter-in-law his | H3618 → | |
| אֵֽשֶׁת־ | ʾeshet- | [the] wife of | H802 → | 781 times |
| פִּינְחָס֮ | pinechas | Phinehas | H6372 → | 25 times |
| הָרָ֣ה | harah | [was] pregnant | H2030 → | |
| לָלַת֒ | lalat | to give birth | H3205 → | 496 times |
| וַתִּשְׁמַ֣ע | vatishma' | and she heard | H8085 → | 1159 times |
| אֶת־ | ʾet- | <obj.> | H853 → | 10935 times |
| הַשְּׁמֻעָ֔ה | hashemuah | the report | H8052 → | |
| אֶל־ | ʾel- | concerning | H413 → | 5510 times |
| הִלָּקַח֙ | hilakach | [the] being taken of | H3947 → | 966 times |
| אֲר֣וֹן | ʾaron | [the] ark of | H727 → | 202 times |
| הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים | haelohim | <the> God | H430 → | 2601 times |
| וּמֵ֥ת | umet | and he had died | H4191 → | 839 times |
| חָמִ֖יהָ | chamiha | father-in-law her | H2524 → | |
| וְאִישָׁ֑הּ | veishah | and husband her | H376 → | 1663 times |
| וַתִּכְרַ֣ע | vatikhra' | and she bowed down | H3766 → | |
| וַתֵּ֔לֶד | vateled | and she gave birth | H3205 → | 496 times |
| כִּֽי־ | ki- | for | H3588 → | 4482 times |
| נֶהֶפְכ֥וּ | nehefkhu | they turned | H2015 → | 94 times |
| עָלֶ֖יהָ | ʾaleiha | on her | H5921 → | 5755 times |
| צִרֶֽיהָ׃ | tzireiha | pangs her | H6735 → |
וְכַלָּת֣וֹand daughter-in-law his
vekhalatoH3618 →
אֵֽשֶׁת־[the] wife of
ʾeshet-H802 →781 times
פִּינְחָס֮Phinehas
pinechasH6372 →25 times
הָרָ֣ה[was] pregnant
harahH2030 →
לָלַת֒to give birth
lalatH3205 →496 times
וַתִּשְׁמַ֣עand she heard
vatishma'H8085 →1159 times
אֶת־<obj.>
ʾet-H853 →10935 times
הַשְּׁמֻעָ֔הthe report
hashemuahH8052 →
אֶל־concerning
ʾel-H413 →5510 times
הִלָּקַח֙[the] being taken of
hilakachH3947 →966 times
אֲר֣וֹן[the] ark of
ʾaronH727 →202 times
הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים<the> God
haelohimH430 →2601 times
וּמֵ֥תand he had died
umetH4191 →839 times
חָמִ֖יהָfather-in-law her
chamihaH2524 →
וְאִישָׁ֑הּand husband her
veishahH376 →1663 times
וַתִּכְרַ֣עand she bowed down
vatikhra'H3766 →
וַתֵּ֔לֶדand she gave birth
vateledH3205 →496 times
כִּֽי־for
ki-H3588 →4482 times
נֶהֶפְכ֥וּthey turned
nehefkhuH2015 →94 times
עָלֶ֖יהָon her
ʾaleihaH5921 →5755 times
צִרֶֽיהָ׃pangs her
tzireihaH6735 →
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
Where this verse is studied
On this page
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Who and where
1 name in this verse with a page on the site.
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Bede, Commentary on Samuel; Cassiodorus, EXPOSITION OF THE PSALMS 77.64; Gregory the Dialogist, Commentary on 1 Kings, Book 3, Chapter 2; Jerome, COMMENTARY ON MICAH 2.4; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.
