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1 Chronicles

Summary

Chapter summary

Standing on Ornan's threshing-floor, David says it: 'This is the house of Jehovah God, and this is the altar of burnt-offering for Israel.' He cannot build it himself ('thou hast shed blood abundantly, and hast made great wars') so he spends his last strength preparing for the son who can. Iron for nails, brass without weight, cedar trees beyond number from Sidon and Tyre, hewn stone, masons and workmen gathered. Solomon's very name is explained as a promise: a man of rest, 'and I will give peace and quietness unto Israel in his days.' The charge to the son is personal and plain: only be strong, keep the law, build; and the charge to the princes is to help him.

Context

History · Ezra1 Chronicles overview

  • A. 1–5 This is the house of the LORD, and David piles up its stores
  • B. 6–16 A man of blood may not build; a man of rest will
  • C. 17–19 The princes charged to help young Solomon

The outline

  1. A.This is the house of the LORD, and David piles up its storesvv. 1 to 5

    Read vv. 1 to 5
  2. B.A man of blood may not build; a man of rest willvv. 6 to 16

    Read vv. 6 to 16
  3. C.The princes charged to help young Solomonvv. 17 to 19

    Read vv. 17 to 19

The world behind this chapter

1 Chronicles 22
When
David's preparations for a temple he would never see · The last years of David's reign, c. 975–970 BC
Where
Jerusalem — quarries, timber yards, and metal stores, with the charge given to Solomon
Who first heard it
Builders of a second temple that looked poor beside the first

The history

The materials list is a construction schedule. Masons are set to cut dressed stone — squared blocks, worked at the quarry so they could be laid without tools on site. Iron is stockpiled for the nails and the clamps that held stonework together. Bronze is gathered 'beyond weighing,' and cedar logs come in from Sidon and Tyre by sea because the timber of Lebanon had no substitute.

The workforce is drawn from the resident foreigners in the land, set as stonecutters. Labor policy in the region ran that way, and Israel's own law protected the foreigner while still assigning him the heavy work; the later record is careful to say that Israelites were not made slaves.

The reason David is disqualified is stated twice and plainly: he has shed much blood on the earth in God's sight. It is not called a sin here. It is a matter of fitness — the house of rest is to be built by a man of rest, which is what Solomon's name means.

The gold and silver quantities are staggering — a hundred thousand talents of gold — and honesty requires saying that scholars differ on how to read them. Some argue the word rendered 'talent' covered a smaller unit in older records; others take the figures as the accumulated tribute of a generation of empire, stated in round numbers as ancient royal inscriptions regularly did.

What it meant to them

An old man stockpiling stone and cedar for a building he will not live to enter is the exact posture the first hearers needed. Ezra records that the old men who had seen the first house wept aloud when they saw the foundation of the second.

David's charge to his son answers that grief: be strong and do it, the LORD is with you. The work is generational. You prepare what the next hands will lay.

Sources cited

  • Roland de Vaux, Ancient Israel: Its Life and Institutions
  • K. A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament

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The text of this chapter

This page carries no textual note on 1 Chronicles 22. Where this site has examined a place the manuscripts differ, the examination is in the manuscripts room. Every place this site examines →

This page draws on Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory; John Wesley, Notes on the Old Testament and Matthew Henry, Complete Commentary.