John Wesley

You must not use dishonest measures of length, weight, or volume.

“In mete-yard - In the measuring of lands, or dry things, as cloth, ribband. In measure - In the measuring liquid or such dry things as are only contigious, as corn or wine.”

And I will set My face against that man and cut him off from his people, because by giving his offspring to Molech, he has defiled My sanctuary and profaned…

“To defile my sanctuary - Because the sanctuary was defiled by gross abominations committed in that city or land where God's sanctuary was: or because by these actions they declared to all men that they esteemed the sanctuary and service of God abominable and vile…”

If anyone curses his father or mother, he must be put to death. He has cursed his father or mother; his blood shall be upon him.

“Curseth - This is not here meant of every perverse expression, but of bitter reproaches or imprecations. His blood shall be upon him - He is guilty of his own death: he deserves to die for so unnatural a crime.”

Then the LORD said to Moses, “Speak to Aaron’s sons, the priests, and tell them that a priest is not to defile himself for a dead person among his people,

“Among his people - None of the priests shall touch the dead body, or assist at his funeral, or eat of the funeral feast.”

except for his immediate family—his mother, father, son, daughter, or brother,

“Near to him - Under which general expression his wife seems to be comprehended, though she be not expressed. And hence it is noted as a peculiar case, that Ezekiel, who was a priest, was forbidden to mourn for his wife, Ezek. xxiv, 16, &c.”

or his unmarried sister who is near to him, since she has no husband.

“That is nigh him - That is, by nearness not of relation, (for that might seem a needless addition) but of habitation, one not yet cut off from the family.”

The priest who is highest among his brothers, who has had the anointing oil poured on his head and has been ordained to wear the priestly garments, must not let…

“The garments - Those holy garments, which were peculiar to him. Shall not uncover his head - This being then the posture of mourners, chap. x, 6, though afterwards the custom was changed and mourners covered their heads, 2 Sam. xv, 30, Esth vi, 12.”

He must not leave or desecrate the sanctuary of his God, for the consecration of the anointing oil of his God is on him. I am the LORD.

“The crown of the anointing oil - Or, the crown, the golden plate, which is called the holy crown, Exod. xxix, 6, and the anointing oil of his God are upon him. So there is only an ellipsis of the conjunction and, which is frequent.”

“Say to Aaron, ‘For the generations to come, none of your descendants who has a physical defect may approach to offer the food of his God.

“The particular defect's here mentioned, I shall not enlarge upon because some of the Hebrew words are diversely interpreted, and because the use of these things being abolished, the knowledge of them is not necessary.”

No man who has any defect may approach—no man who is blind, lame, disfigured, or deformed;

“A flat nose - Most restrain this word to the nose, and to some great deformity relating to it. But according to others, it signifies more generally, a person that wants some member or members, because the next word, to which it is opposed, signifies…”

but because he has a defect, he must not go near the veil or approach the altar, so as not to desecrate My sanctuaries.

“To the veil - To the second veil which was between the holy and the most holy place, to burn incense, to order the shew-bread, and to dress the lamps, which were nigh unto that veil though without.”

If the priest’s daughter is married to a man other than a priest, she is not to eat of the sacred contributions.

“A stranger - To one of another family, who is no priest. Yet the priest's wife, though of another family, might eat.”

If anyone eats a sacred offering in error, he must add a fifth to its value and give the sacred offering to the priest.

“Unto it - Over and above the principle, and besides the ram to be offered to God, chap. v, 15.”

by allowing the people to eat the sacred offerings and thus to bear the punishment for guilt. For I am the LORD who sanctifies them.”

“They - That is, the priests, shall not (the negative particle being understood out of the foregoing clause) suffer them - That is, the people, to bear the iniquity of trespass - That is, the punishment of their sin, which they might expect from God…”

You must not profane My holy name. I must be acknowledged as holy among the Israelites. I am the LORD who sanctifies you,

“Hallowed, or sanctified, either by you in keeping my holy commands, or upon you in executing my holy and righteous judgments. I will manifest myself to be an holy God that will not bear the transgression of my laws.”

For six days work may be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, a day of sacred assembly.

“In all your dwellings - Other feasts, were to be kept before the Lord in Jerusalem only, whither all the males were to come for that end; but the sabbath was to be kept in all places, both in synagogues, and in their private houses.”

These are the LORD’s appointed feasts, the sacred assemblies you are to proclaim at their appointed times.

“These are the feasts of the Lord - Or rather, the solemnities: (for the day of atonement was a fast:) and so the word is used, Isaiah xxxiii, 20, where Zion is called the city of our solemnities.”

along with its grain offering of two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil—an offering made by fire to the LORD, a pleasing aroma—and its drink offering of…

“The reason of which disproportion may be this, that one of the tenth deals was a necessary attendant upon the lamb, and the other was peculiar to this feast, and was an attendant upon that of the corn, and was offered with it in thanksgiving…”

You shall also prepare one male goat as a sin offering and two male lambs a year old as a peace offering.

“One kid - In chap. iv, 14, the sin-offering for the sin of the people is a bullock, but here a kid; &c.”

When you reap the harvest of your land, do not reap all the way to the edges of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest.

“And it is observable, that though the present business is only concerning the worship of God, yet he makes a kind of excursion to repeat a former law of providing for the poor, to shew that our devotion to God is little esteemed by him…”

It will be a Sabbath of complete rest for you, and you shall humble yourselves.

“The Jews are supposed to begin every day, and consequently their sabbaths, at the evening, in remembrance of the creation, as Christians generally begin their days and sabbaths with the morning in memory of Christ's resurrection.”

These offerings are in addition to the offerings for the LORD’s Sabbaths, and in addition to your gifts, to all your vow offerings, and to all the freewill offerings you…

“God will not have any sabbath-sacrifice diminished because of the addition of others, proper to any other feast.”

On the fifteenth day of the seventh month, after you have gathered the produce of the land, you are to celebrate a feast to the LORD for seven days.

“This is no addition of a new, but only a repetition of the former injunction, with a more particular explication both of the manner and reason of the feast.”

On the first day you are to gather the fruit of majestic trees, the branches of palm trees, and the boughs of leafy trees and of willows of the brook.

“Of goodly trees - Namely, olive, myrtle and pine, mentioned, Neh. viii, 15, 16, which were most plentiful there, and which would best preserve their greenness.”

“Command the Israelites to bring you pure oil of pressed olives for the light, to keep the lamps burning continually.

“To cause the lamps to burn - Hebrew. the lamp: yet ver. 4, it is the lamps: The seven lamps made all one lamp. In allusion to which, the Blessed Spirit is represented, Rev. iv, 5, by seven lamps of fire before the throne.”