Hosea 13:8
in Hosea 13Like a bear robbed of her cubs I will attack them, and I will tear open their chests. There I will devour them like a lion, like a wild beast would tear them apart.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
I will meet them as a bear that is bereaved of her whelps, and will rend the caul of their heart; and there will I devour them like a lioness; the wild beast shall tear them.
KJV
I will meet them as a bear that is bereaved of her whelps, and will rend the caul of their heart, and there will I devour them like a lion: the wild beast shall tear them.
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This verse in Hosea 13
Commentary
9 notes on this verse"And I will be to them like a lioness, like a leopard on the road to Assyria; I will confront them like a bear that has lost its cubs, and I will tear open their chests; there I will devour them like a lion - the wild animals will tear them apart." They were filled and satisfied; they lifted up their hearts and forgot me.
This site's exposition
as a leopard by the way
on Hosea 13:7-8
The shepherd language the book uses elsewhere reverses without warning: I will be unto them as a lion, as a leopard by the way will I observe them, then a bear robbed of her whelps tearing the caul of their heart. The commentators note that these are the fiercest predator images in the prophets, chosen because a bereaved bear is proverbially the most dangerous animal a traveler could meet, and the point is that the God who fed Israel in the wilderness is the same God whose patience has run out. Keil reads the pileup of three beasts as deliberate escalation rather than repetition, each image sharper than the last.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers1 voice
In fulfillment of holy Writ, the truth has resounded through the voice of the apostles, for the psalmist has sung, "Their voice has gone forth unto all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the world." So also "Christ our Passover is sacrificed," for of him the prophet had foretold: "He was led as a sheep to the slaughter, and he was mute as a lamb before its shearer, and he opened not his mouth." Who is this man? He is the man of whom the prophet at once goes on to say, "In humility his judgment was taken away; who shall declare his generation?" I recognize the realization of so much humility in a king of so much power, for he who is as a lamb that opens not its mouth before its shearer is also "the lion of the tribe of Judah." Who is this lamb and lion? He suffered death like a lamb, and he has devoured like a lion. Who is this lamb and lion? Meek yet courageous; lovable yet fearsome; innocent yet powerful; silent under judgment, yet roaring to pronounce judgment. Who is this lamb and lion—suffering like a lamb; rising up like a lion? Rather, is he not at the same time a lamb and lion in his suffering and his resurrection? Let us discern the lamb in the suffering. "He was," as we have just reminded you, "mute as a lamb before its shearer, and he opened not his mouth." Let us discern the lion in the suffering.
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
I will meet them as a bear that is bereaved of her whelps,....
The Nineteenth Century3 voices
As a bear - bereaved - This is a figure to denote excessive ferocity. See the note on 2Sa 17:8 (note), where a remarkable instance is given. And will rend the caul of their heart - Every savage beast goes first to the seat of the blood when it has seized its prey; as in this fluid they delight more than in the most delicate parts of the flesh. There will I devour them like a lion - לביא labi, the old strong lion; drinking the blood, tearing the flesh, and breaking the bones to extract the marrow.
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
"Writers on the natures of beasts say that none is more savage than a she bear, when bereaved of her whelps" [JEROME]. caul of . . . heart--the membrane enclosing it: the pericardium. there--"by the way" (Ho 13:7).
OUR text will lead me at this time to speak upon the perils of prosperity and, as those who are prospering in worldly circumstances make up a comparatively slender portion of any congregation, the sermon must mainly aim at a small class. Still, it is my duty to speak to these, for every word of Scriptural warning should have its tongue in a complete ministry and every condition of soul must be duly met by a watchful pastor.
2 more voices on this verse
The Nineteenth Century2 voices
OUR text will lead me at this time to speak upon the perils of prosperity and, as those who are prospering in worldly circumstances make up a comparatively slender portion of any congregation, the sermon must mainly aim at a small class. Still, it is my duty to speak to these, for every word of Scriptural warning should have its tongue in a complete ministry and every condition of soul must be duly met by a watchful pastor. May the Holy Spirit enable me to make full proof of my ministry by declaring the whole counsel of God to all characters. Suffer me, however, to observe that if the subject should seem to take a narrow range, it is in your power to alter it very rapidly, for, while those who are prospering will kindly take note of the voice of God's Word to themselves, those of you who are not prospering may be profited by becoming the more contented with your lowly lot since it will be plain to you that had you succeeded in life you might have fallen into the sins denounced in our text. It may be that you would never have known the holy joy and sacred peace which you now possess if you had been allowed to climb to those heights of wealth which you have longed to reach. God, who knows your frame knew that you were not able to bear the trial of prosperity and, therefore, He has kept you where you are—more safe and more happy, though less enriched. Another class of persons may have enjoyed fair weather in times past, but now a cloud has come over them and they are troubled. Possibly they may be taught by our discourse to say, each one to himself, "God has taken me not so much out of the sunlight as out of the furnace. He saw that evils were generated by my success which would have caused me solemn injury and so He has removed me out of their reach.
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
As a bear bereaved of her whelps - The Syrian bear is fiercer than the brown bears to which we are accustomed. It attacks flocks 1Sa 17:34, and even oxen . The fierceness of the she-bear, “bereaved of her whelps,” became a proverb (2Sa 17:8; Pro 17:12; and here). : “They who have written on the nature of wild beasts, say that none is more savage than the she-bear, when she has lost her whelps or lacks food.” It blends wonderfully most touching love and fierceness. It tenderly protects its wounded whelps, reckless of its life, so that it may bring them off, and it turns fiercely on their destroyer. Its love for them becomes fury against their injurer. Much more shall God avenge those who destroy His sons and daughters, leading and enticing them into sin and destruction of body and soul. Rend the caul of - (what encloses) their heart that is, the pericardium. They had closed their hearts against God. Their punishment is pictured by the rending open of the closed heart, by the lion which is said to go instinctively straight to the heart, tears it out, and sucks the blood . Fearful will it be in the Day of Judgment, when the sinner’s heart is laid open, with all the foul, cruel, malicious, defiled, thoughts which it harbored and concealed, against the will of God. “It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God” Heb 10:31. And there will I devour them - “There,” where they sinned, shall they be punished. “The wild beast shall tear them.” What God does, He does mostly through instruments, and what His instruments do, they do fulfilling His will through their own blind will or appetite. […]
The words behind it
12 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| אֶפְגְּשֵׁם֙ | ʾefgeshem | I will meet them | H6298 → | |
| כְּדֹ֣ב | kedo | like a bear | H1677 → | |
| שַׁכּ֔וּל | shakul | robbed of cubs | H7909 → | |
| וְאֶקְרַ֖ע | veekra' | so I may tear | H7167 → | |
| סְג֣וֹר | segor | [the] cavity of | H5458 → | |
| לִבָּ֑ם | libam | heart their | H3820 → | 595 times |
| וְאֹכְלֵ֥ם | veokhelem | and I will devour them | H398 → | 810 times |
| שָׁם֙ | sham | there | H8033 → | 834 times |
| כְּלָבִ֔יא | kelavi' | like a lion | H3833 → | |
| חַיַּ֥ת | chaiyat | <the> animal of | H2416 → | 498 times |
| הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה | hasadeh | the field | H7704 → | 334 times |
| תְּבַקְּעֵֽם׃ | tevakeem | it will tear to pieces them | H1234 → |
אֶפְגְּשֵׁם֙I will meet them
ʾefgeshemH6298 →
כְּדֹ֣בlike a bear
kedoH1677 →
שַׁכּ֔וּלrobbed of cubs
shakulH7909 →
וְאֶקְרַ֖עso I may tear
veekra'H7167 →
סְג֣וֹר[the] cavity of
segorH5458 →
לִבָּ֑םheart their
libamH3820 →595 times
וְאֹכְלֵ֥םand I will devour them
veokhelemH398 →810 times
שָׁם֙there
shamH8033 →834 times
כְּלָבִ֔יאlike a lion
kelavi'H3833 →
חַיַּ֥ת<the> animal of
chaiyatH2416 →498 times
הַשָּׂדֶ֖הthe field
hasadehH7704 →334 times
תְּבַקְּעֵֽם׃it will tear to pieces them
tevakeemH1234 →
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Jeremiah 12:9Is not My inheritance to Me like a speckled bird of prey with other birds of prey circling against her? Go, gather all the beasts of the field; bring them to devour her.
it leads to
- Isaiah 56:9
Come, all you beasts of the field; eat greedily, all you beasts of the forest.
- Jeremiah 7:33
The corpses of this people will become food for the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth, and there will be no one to scare them away.
- 2 Kings 24:2
And the LORD sent Chaldean, Aramean, Moabite, and Ammonite raiders against Jehoiakim in order to destroy Judah, according to the word that the LORD had spoken through His servants the prophets.
- Isaiah 56:9
Through
Isaiah 5:29Their roaring is like that of a lion; they roar like young lions. They growl and seize their prey; they carry it away from deliverance.
it leads to
- Isaiah 42:22
But this is a people plundered and looted, all trapped in caves or imprisoned in dungeons. They have become plunder with no one to rescue them, and loot with no one to say, “Send…
- Isaiah 49:24–25
Can the plunder be snatched from the mighty, or the captives of a tyrant be delivered?
- Zechariah 11:3
Listen to the wailing of the shepherds, for their glory is in ruins. Listen to the roaring of the young lions, for the thickets of the Jordan are destroyed.
- Isaiah 42:22
Through
Proverbs 17:12It is better to meet a bear robbed of her cubs than a fool in his folly.
it leads to
- 2 Samuel 17:8
He continued, “You know your father and his men. They are mighty men, and as fierce as a wild bear robbed of her cubs. Moreover, your father is a man of war who will…
- 2 Samuel 17:8
Through
2 Samuel 17:8He continued, “You know your father and his men. They are mighty men, and as fierce as a wild bear robbed of her cubs. Moreover, your father is a man of war who will…
it leads to
- 1 Samuel 16:18
One of the servants answered, “I have seen a son of Jesse of Bethlehem who knows how to play the harp. He is a mighty man of valor, a warrior, eloquent and handsome, and…
- 1 Samuel 16:18
About Hosea
This page draws on 9 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Old Testament; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Augustine of Hippo, SERMON 4; Carl Friedrich Keil, The Twelve Minor Prophets; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 1441: “The Prosperous Man's Reminder” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Hosea 13:7-8 and John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763).
