Ezekiel 1:8
in Ezekiel 1Under their wings on their four sides they had human hands. All four living creatures had faces and wings,
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And they had the hands of a man under their wings on their four sides; and they four had their faces and their wings thus:
KJV
And they had the hands of a man under their wings on their four sides; and they four had their faces and their wings.
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This verse in Ezekiel 1
Commentary
12 notes on this verseThey had the hands of a man under their wings - I doubt much whether the arms be not here represented as all covered with feathers, so that they had the appearance of wings, only the hand was bare; and I rather think that this is the meaning of their having “the hands of a man under their wings.”
This site's exposition
four faces and four wings
on Ezekiel 1:6-9
Each creature had “four faces and four wings.” Under the wings were “human hands,” and “their wings were touching one another,” so the four moved as one rank. The text states the rule of their motion plainly: “They did not turn as they moved; each one went straight ahead.”
This site's exposition
they had human hands
Under their wings, on all four sides, the creatures had human hands. Matthew Henry reads the hands as made for service and guided by reason, so the creatures act with judgment. Each of the four had faces and wings.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers4 voices
The four animals that bore the chariot were a type of the leading characteristics of the soul. For as the eagle rules over all the other birds and the lion is king of the wild beasts and the bull over the tamed animals and humanity …
After I wrote the letter, I remembered what is written in Ezekiel, which he showed as an example of perfection. He saw an animal above the river Chebar that had four faces and four feet and four wings. The face of the cherub is when …
After this description of the prophet, we still cannot comprehend as we read. But if we cannot comprehend the throne that he has described, how will we be able to comprehend him who sits on it, the invisible and ineffable God? It is impossible to examine closely the nature of God, but for his works, which we see, we can offer him praise and glory.
(Vers. 8, 9.) And they had four wings, and their wings were joined one to another. They did not turn back when they walked, but each one moved forward before its face. The Gospels are joined to each other and cling together, and they fly to and fro throughout the whole world, running here and there, without end to their flight, never surpassing or receding, but always proceeding to further things. And both Paul and Virgil say: Forgetting the things that are past, and reaching forth towards those things that are still to come.
The Medieval Church1 voice
A commentator
Gregory the DialogistHomilies on Ezekiel, Book 1, Homily 3 · Written before 604.
proposed
"And the hand of a man under their wings on four sides." The four parts can be understood in this place as the four regions of the world, namely East, West, South, and North, because the preaching of the saints has gone forth by God's authority into all parts of the world. We can also understand by the four principal parts the four virtues from which the remaining virtues arise, namely prudence, fortitude, justice, and temperance. We truly receive these virtues when we maintain their order. For prudence is first, fortitude second, justice third, and temperance fourth. For what good can prudence do if fortitude is lacking? For to know what one cannot do is more a torment than a virtue. But he who prudently understands what he should do, and bravely does what he has understood, is without doubt already just; yet temperance ought to follow his justice, because justice very often falls into cruelty if it lacks moderation. Therefore that justice is truly justice which governs itself with the restraint of temperance, so that in the zeal with which one burns, he may also be temperate; lest if he burns too intensely, he lose the justice whose limits he does not know how to maintain. There are two lives of holy preachers, namely active and contemplative; but the active is prior in time to the contemplative, because through good work one strives toward contemplation. The contemplative, however, is greater in merit than the active, because the latter labors in the practice of present work, while the former already tastes the coming rest with an inner savor. What therefore is signified by hands if not the active life, and what by wings if not the contemplative life? The hand of a man is therefore under their wings, that is, the power of work is under the flight of contemplation. This is well represented in the Gospel by those two women, namely Martha and Mary. […]
4 more voices on this verse
The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices
Under - Their power and manner of exerting it is secret and invisible. Sides - On each side of the chariot one of these living creatures flood, and so on each side hands were ready to act as they were moved. They four - It is doubled to confirm the truth and certainty of the thing.
And they had the hands of a man under their wings on their four sides,....
They are the hands of a man, which are wonderfully made and fitted for service, which are guided by reason and understanding; for what angles do they do intelligently and with judgment.
The Nineteenth Century1 voice
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
Or, “They had the hands of a man under their wings on all four sides, just as they had wings and faces on all four sides.”
The words behind it
10 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| וִידֵ֣י | veyadov | and [the] hands of | H3027 → | 1618 times |
| אָדָ֗ם | ʾadam | a human | H120 → | 551 times |
| מִתַּ֙חַת֙ | mitachat | [were] <from> under | H8478 → | 505 times |
| כַּנְפֵיהֶ֔ם | kanfeihem | wings their | H3671 → | 109 times |
| עַ֖ל | ʾal | on | H5921 → | 5755 times |
| אַרְבַּ֣עַת | ʾarbaat | [the] four | H702 → | 318 times |
| רִבְעֵיהֶ֑ם | riveihem | sides their | H7253 → | 7 times |
| וּפְנֵיהֶ֥ם | ufeneihem | and faces their | H6440 → | 2123 times |
| וְכַנְפֵיהֶ֖ם | vekhanfeihem | and wings their | H3671 → | 109 times |
| לְאַרְבַּעְתָּֽם׃ | learba'tam | [belonged] to [the] four of them | H702 → | 318 times |
וִידֵ֣יand [the] hands of
veyadovH3027 →1618 times
אָדָ֗םa human
ʾadamH120 →551 times
מִתַּ֙חַת֙[were] <from> under
mitachatH8478 →505 times
כַּנְפֵיהֶ֔םwings their
kanfeihemH3671 →109 times
עַ֖לon
ʾalH5921 →5755 times
אַרְבַּ֣עַת[the] four
ʾarbaatH702 →318 times
רִבְעֵיהֶ֑םsides their
riveihemH7253 →7 times
וּפְנֵיהֶ֥םand faces their
ufeneihemH6440 →2123 times
וְכַנְפֵיהֶ֖םand wings their
vekhanfeihemH3671 →109 times
לְאַרְבַּעְתָּֽם׃[belonged] to [the] four of them
learba'tamH702 →318 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Isaiah 6:6Then one of the seraphim flew to me, and in his hand was a glowing coal that he had taken with tongs from the altar.
it leads to
- Revelation 8:3–5
Then another angel, who had a golden censer, came and stood at the altar. He was given much incense to offer, along with the prayers of all the saints, on the golden altar before…
- Hebrews 9:22–26
According to the law, in fact, nearly everything must be purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness.
- Ezekiel 10:2
And the LORD said to the man clothed in linen, “Go inside the wheelwork beneath the cherubim. Fill your hands with burning coals from among the cherubim and scatter them over the city.” And…
- Leviticus 16:12
Then he must take a censer full of burning coals from the altar before the LORD, and two handfuls of finely ground fragrant incense, and take them inside the veil.
- Hebrews 13:10
We have an altar from which those who serve at the tabernacle have no right to eat.
- Revelation 8:3–5
Through
Ezekiel 8:3He stretched out what looked like a hand and took me by the hair of my head. Then the Spirit lifted me up between earth and heaven and carried me in visions of God…
it leads to
- Deuteronomy 32:16
They provoked His jealousy with foreign gods; they enraged Him with abominations.
- Ezekiel 11:1
Then the Spirit lifted me up and brought me to the gate of the house of the LORD that faces east. And there at the entrance of the gate were twenty-five men. Among them…
- Deuteronomy 32:16
Through
Ezekiel 1:17As they moved, they went in any of the four directions, without pivoting as they moved.
it leads to
- Ezekiel 1:9
and their wings were touching one another. They did not turn as they moved; each one went straight ahead.
- Ezekiel 1:9
Where this verse is studied
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About Ezekiel

This page draws on 11 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ammonas of Egypt, LETTER 13:8; Carl Friedrich Keil, Biblical Commentary on the Prophecies of Ezekiel; Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lecture 9:3; Gregory the Dialogist, Homilies on Ezekiel, Book 1, Homily 3; Jerome, Commentary on Ezekiel; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Pseudo-Macarius, FIFTY SPIRITUAL HOMILIES 1:3.
