2 Timothy 2:18

Hymenaeus and Alexander and their fellows were confused about time—ahead of time—when they said that the resurrection had already occurred. The Galatians misunderstood the dispensations by making so much of circumcision now.

Similarly Paul touches those who said that the resurrection had already happened. The Valentinians affirm this of themselves.

"Of whom is Hymeneus and Philetus, Who concerning the truth have erred, saying that the resurrection is past already, and overthrow the faith of some." He has well said, "They will increase unto more ungodliness." For it appears indeed to be a solitary evil, but see what evils spring out of it. For if the Resurrection is already past, not only do we suffer loss in being deprived of that great glory, but because judgment is taken away, and retribution also. For if the Resurrection is past, retribution also is past. The good therefore have reaped persecutions and afflictions, and the wicked have not been punished, nay verily, they live in great pleasure. It were better to say that there is no resurrection, than that it is already past. "And overthrow," he says, "the faith of some." "Of some," not of all. For if there is no resurrection, faith is subverted. Our preaching is vain, nor is Christ risen; and if He is not risen, neither was He born, nor has He ascended into heaven. Observe how this error, while it seems to oppose the doctrine of the Resurrection, draws after it many other evils.

The heretical teaching about the resurrection is that it happens in the process of natural procreation, by which our children succeed us.

He said well above: "they will advance still more in ungodliness." It would seem that the only evil consists in what they say about the resurrection. However, great consequences follow from this. For if the resurrection has already occurred, then judgment and recompense are also …

Who have erred: they went out from us (1 John 2:19). Then he enlarges on this, because it had been better for them not to have known the way of justice, than after they have known it to turn back (2 Pet 2:21). But they …

Saying the resurrection is already past - Perhaps asserting that it is only the spiritual passing from death unto life.

Who concerning the truth have erred,....

They "wrested" (2Pe 3:16) Paul's own words (Ro 6:4; Col 2:12) "to their own destruction," as though the resurrection was merely the spiritual raising of souls from the death of sin. Compare 1Co 15:12, where he shows all our hopes of future glory rest on the literal reality of the resurrection.

Who concerning the truth have erred - To what extent they had erred is unknown. Paul mentions only one point - that pertaining to the resurrection; but says that this was like a gangrene. It would certainly, unless checked, destroy all the other doctrines of religion. No man can safely hold a single error, any more than he can safely have one part of his body in a state of mortification. Saying that the resurrection is past already - It is not known in what form they held this opinion. It may have been, as Augustine supposes, that they taught that there was no resurrection but that which occurs in the soul when it is recovered from the death of sin, and made to live anew. Or it may be that they held that those who had died had experienced all the resurrection which they ever would, by passing into another state, and receiving at death a spiritual body fitted to their mode of being in the heavenly world. Whatever was the form of the opinion, the apostle regarded it as a most dangerous error, for just views of the resurrection undoubtedly lie at the foundation of correct apprehensions of the Christian system; compare the notes at 1Co 15:12-19. And overthrow the faith of some - That is, on this point, and as would appear on all the correlative subjects of Christian belief; compare 1Ti 1:19-20.