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1 Samuel 22:20

in 1 Samuel 22

But one of the sons of Ahimelech son of Ahitub escaped. His name was Abiathar, and he fled to David.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

And one of the sons of Ahimelech, the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped, and fled after David.

KJV

And one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped, and fled after David.

This verse in 1 Samuel 22

Commentary

8 notes on this verse
Abiathar - He may have remained at Nob to take care of the sanctuary when the other priests went to Saul, and so escaped. He continued David’s faithful friend throughout his reign 1Sa 23:9; 1Sa 30:7; 2Sa 15:24, 2Sa 15:29, 2Sa 15:35, but gave offence by taking Adonijah’s part against Solomon 1Ki 1:7, 1Ki 1:19, 1Ki 1:42, and in consequence was deprived of the high priesthood 1Ki 2:26-27. In Mar 2:26, he is spoken of as the High Priest who gave the showbread to David.

This site's exposition

His name was Abiathar, and he fled to David

on 1 Samuel 22:20-21

Abiathar alone escapes and flees to David with word that Saul has killed the priests of the LORD. Barnes traces this last son of Eli's line until he backs Adonijah and loses the priesthood at 1 Kings 2:26 to 27. That removal closes the word spoken over Eli's house.

The record, by era

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on Samuel · Written before 735.

proposed

One son of Ahimelech escaped, Abiathar, etc. Just as Doeg the Edomite, one who struck down the priests, symbolized the sword of all executioners, so Abiathar, the one who escaped the sword of the striker, represents all the confessors of Christ who could survive that …

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

1 David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither to him. 2 And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.

quarantine:scripture (2026-07-29) — verbatim-scripture

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

Let those that suffer for the Son of David commit the keeping of their souls to him, 1 Pet. iv. David's resentment of the melancholy tidings he brought. He gave David an account of the bloody work Saul had made among the priests of the Lord (

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens

And one of the sons of Ahimelech, the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped,....

The Nineteenth Century1 voice

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

On hearing his sad tale, David declared that he had dreaded such a fatal result from the malice and intriguing ambition of Doeg; and, accusing himself as having been the occasion of all the disaster to Abiathar's family, David invited him to remain, because, firmly trusting himself in the accomplishment of the divine promise, David could guarantee protection to him.
1 more voice on this verse

The Nineteenth Century1 voice

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

Abiathar, escaped - This man carried with him his sacerdotal garments, as we find from 1Sa 23:6, 1Sa 23:9.

The words behind it

11 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיִּמָּלֵ֣טand he escaped

    vaiyimaletH4422 →95 times

  • בֵּן־a son

    ben-H1121 →4930 times

  • אֶחָ֗דone

    ʾechadH259 →971 times

  • לַאֲחִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙of Ahimelech

    laachimelekhH288 →16 times

  • בֶּן־[the] son of

    ben-H1121 →4930 times

  • אֲחִט֔וּבAhitub

    ʾachituvH285 →15 times

  • וּשְׁמ֖וֹand name his

    ushemoH8034 →864 times

  • אֶבְיָתָ֑ר[was] Abiathar

    ʾevyatarH54 →30 times

  • וַיִּבְרַ֖חand he fled

    vaiyivrachH1272 →63 times

  • אַחֲרֵ֥יafter

    ʾachareiH310 →715 times

  • דָוִֽד׃David

    davidH1732 →999 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    1 Samuel 23:9

    When David learned that Saul was plotting evil against him, he said to Abiathar the priest, “Bring the ephod.”

    it leads to

    • 1 Samuel 30:7

      Then David said to Abiathar the priest, the son of Ahimelech, “Bring me the ephod.” So Abiathar brought it to him,

    • 1 Samuel 14:18

      Then Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring the ark of God.” (For at that time it was with the Israelites.)

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • 1 Samuel 23:6

      (Now Abiathar son of Ahimelech had brought the ephod with him when he fled to David at Keilah.)

    • Numbers 27:21

      He shall stand before Eleazar the priest, who will seek counsel for him before the LORD by the judgment of the Urim. At his command, he and all the Israelites with him—the entire congregation—will…

  • Through

    1 Samuel 2:33

    And every one of you that I do not cut off from My altar, your eyes will fail and your heart will grieve. All your descendants will die by the sword of men.

    it leads to

    • 1 Kings 2:26–27

      Then the king said to Abiathar the priest, “Go back to your fields in Anathoth. Even though you deserve to die, I will not put you to death at this time, since you carried…

  • Through

    1 Samuel 30:7

    Then David said to Abiathar the priest, the son of Ahimelech, “Bring me the ephod.” So Abiathar brought it to him,

    it leads to

    • 1 Samuel 22:20–21

      But one of the sons of Ahimelech son of Ahitub escaped. His name was Abiathar, and he fled to David.

    • 1 Kings 2:26

      Then the king said to Abiathar the priest, “Go back to your fields in Anathoth. Even though you deserve to die, I will not put you to death at this time, since you carried…

  • Through

    1 Samuel 23:6

    (Now Abiathar son of Ahimelech had brought the ephod with him when he fled to David at Keilah.)

    it leads to

    • Exodus 28:30–31

      And place the Urim and Thummim in the breastpiece of judgment, so that they will also be over Aaron’s heart whenever he comes before the LORD. Aaron will continually carry the judgment of the…

Where this verse is studied

About 1 Samuel

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Albert Barnes, Notes on the Old Testament; Bede, Commentary on Samuel; Jamieson Fausset and Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.