Judgeschapter 12
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Original Language
Judges 12— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, a widely used lookup this site follows (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets mark the Hebrew’s own grammatical elements that English renders as separate words, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
Shibboleth at the fords of Jordan1
Judges 12:1· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּצָּעֵק֙vaiyitzaekand it was summonedH6817אִ֣ישׁʾish[the] man ofH376אֶפְרַ֔יִםʾefrayimEphraimH669וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֖רvaiyaavorand it passed overH5674צָפ֑וֹנָהtzafonahZaphon towardsH6828וַיֹּאמְר֨וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559לְיִפְתָּ֜חleyiftachto JephthahH3316מַדּ֣וּעַ׀madua'why?H4069עָבַ֣רְתָּ׀ʾavartadid you pass overH5674לְהִלָּחֵ֣םlehilachemto wage warH3898בִּבְנֵי־bivnei-against [the] people ofH1121עַמּ֗וֹןamonAmmonH5983וְלָ֙נוּ֙velanuand <to> <the> usלֹ֤אlo'notH3808קָרָ֙אתָ֙karatayou summonedH7121לָלֶ֣כֶתlalekhetto goH1980עִמָּ֔ךְʾimakhwith youH5973בֵּיתְךָ֕beitekhahouse yourH1004נִשְׂרֹ֥ףnisrofwe will burnH8313עָלֶ֖יךָʾaleikhaover youH5921בָּאֵֽשׁ׃baeshwith <the> fireH784
Rashi on Judges 12:1
And crossed northward. They crossed the Yardein and travelled north in trans-Yardein to Gilod.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J
Judges 12:2· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559יִפְתָּח֙yiftachJephthahH3316אֲלֵיהֶ֔םʾaleihemto themH413אִ֣ישׁʾisha man ofH376רִ֗יבrivstrifeH7379הָיִ֛יתִיhayitiI wasH1961אֲנִ֛יʾaniIH589וְעַמִּ֥יveamiand people myH5971וּבְנֵֽי־uvenei-and [the] people ofH1121עַמּ֖וֹןamonAmmonH5983מְאֹ֑דmeodexceedinglyH3966וָאֶזְעַ֣קvaezakand I summonedH2199אֶתְכֶ֔םʾetkhem<obj.> youH853וְלֹֽא־velo'-and notH3808הוֹשַׁעְתֶּ֥םhosha'temyou deliveredH3467אוֹתִ֖יʾoti<obj.> meH853מִיָּדָֽם׃miyadamfrom hand theirH3027
Judges 12:3· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וָֽאֶרְאֶ֞הvaerehand I sawH7200כִּֽי־ki-thatH3588אֵינְךָ֣ʾeinekhanot youH369מוֹשִׁ֗יעmoshia'[were] a delivererH3467וָאָשִׂ֨ימָהvaasimahand I put !H7760נַפְשִׁ֤יnafshilife myH5315בְכַפִּי֙vekhapiin palm myH3709וָֽאֶעְבְּרָה֙vae'berahand I passed over !H5674אֶל־ʾel-againstH413בְּנֵ֣יbenei[the] people ofH1121עַמּ֔וֹןamonAmmonH5983וַיִּתְּנֵ֥םvaiyitenemand he gave themH5414יְהוָ֖הyahwehYahwehH3068בְּיָדִ֑יbeyadiin hand myH3027וְלָמָ֞הvelamahand <to> why?H4100עֲלִיתֶ֥םʾalitemhave you come upH5927אֵלַ֛יʾelaiagainst meH413הַיּ֥וֹםhaiyomthe dayH3117הַזֶּ֖הhazeh<the> thisH2088לְהִלָּ֥חֶםlehilachemto fightH3898בִּֽי׃biagainst <the> me
Judges 12:4· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּקְבֹּ֤ץvaiyikbotzand he gatheredH6908יִפְתָּח֙yiftachJephthahH3316אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853כָּל־kol-allH3605אַנְשֵׁ֣יʾanshei[the] men ofH582גִלְעָ֔דgiladGileadH1568וַיִּלָּ֖חֶםvaiyilachemand he foughtH3898אֶת־ʾet-withH854אֶפְרָ֑יִםʾefrayimEphraimH669וַיַּכּוּ֩vaiyakuand they attackedH5221אַנְשֵׁ֨יʾanshei[the] men ofH582גִלְעָ֜דgiladGileadH1568אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853אֶפְרַ֗יִםʾefrayimEphraimH669כִּ֤יkiforH3588אָמְרוּ֙ʾameruthey had saidH559פְּלִיטֵ֤יpelitei[are] fugitives ofH6412אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ʾefrayimEphraimH669אַתֶּ֔םʾatemyouH859גִּלְעָ֕דgiladO GileadH1568בְּת֥וֹךְbetokhin [the] midst ofH8432אֶפְרַ֖יִםʾefrayimEphraimH669בְּת֥וֹךְbetokhin [the] midst ofH8432מְנַשֶּֽׁה׃menashehManassehH4519
Rashi on Judges 12:4
Since the contemptibles of Ephraim had said, "What are you,Gilod?" The lowliest in Ephraim would mock Gilod, saying, "Of what significance are you, Gilod, among Ephraim and among Menasheh?" This is Targum Yonasan's interpretation.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J
Judges 12:5· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּלְכֹּ֥דvaiyilkodand it capturedH3920גִּלְעָ֛דgiladGileadH1568אֶֽת־ʾet-<obj.>H853מַעְבְּר֥וֹתma'berot[the] fords ofH4569הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ןhaiyardenthe JordanH3383לְאֶפְרָ֑יִםleefrayimto EphraimH669וְֽ֠הָיָהvehayahand it wasH1961כִּ֣יkithatH3588יֹאמְר֞וּyomeruthey saidH559פְּלִיטֵ֤יpelitei[the] fugitives ofH6412אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ʾefrayimEphraimH669אֶעֱבֹ֔רָהʾeevorahlet me pass overH5674וַיֹּ֨אמְרוּvaiyomeruand they saidH559ל֧וֹloto <the> himאַנְשֵֽׁי־ʾanshei-[the] men ofH582גִלְעָ֛דgiladGileadH1568הַֽאֶפְרָתִ֥יhaefrati¿ an EphrathiteH673אַ֖תָּהʾatah[are] youH859וַיֹּ֥אמֶֽר׀vaiyomerand he saidH559לֹֽא׃lo'noH3808
Rashi on Judges 12:5
The Gilodites captured the Yardein crossings. They posted sentries at the crossing areas.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J
Judges 12:6· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֣אמְרוּvaiyomeruand they saidH559לוֹ֩loto <the> himאֱמָר־ʾemor-sayH559נָ֨אna'pleaseH4994שִׁבֹּ֜לֶתshiboletShibbolethH7641וַיֹּ֣אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559סִבֹּ֗לֶתsiboletSibbolethH5451וְלֹ֤אvelo'and notH3808יָכִין֙yakhinhe gave attentionH3559לְדַבֵּ֣רledaberto speakH1696כֵּ֔ןkenrightH3651וַיֹּאחֲז֣וּvaiyochazuand they seizedH270אוֹת֔וֹʾoto<obj.> himH853וַיִּשְׁחָט֖וּהוּvaiyishchatuhuand they slaughtered himH7819אֶל־ʾel-toH413מַעְבְּר֣וֹתma'berot[the] fords ofH4569הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ןhaiyardenthe JordanH3383וַיִּפֹּ֞לvaiyipoland it fellH5307בָּעֵ֤תbaetat the timeH6256הַהִיא֙hahi'<the> thatH1931מֵֽאֶפְרַ֔יִםmeefrayimof EphraimH669אַרְבָּעִ֥יםʾarbaimfortyH705וּשְׁנַ֖יִםushenayimand twoH8147אָֽלֶף׃ʾalefthousandH505
Rashi on Judges 12:6
Say Shiboles please. May I cross this river flow? 1 Shiboles” is translated as “flow”.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J
Judges 12:7· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֥טvaiyishpotand he judgedH8199יִפְתָּ֛חyiftachJephthahH3316אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyisraelIsraelH3478שֵׁ֣שׁsheshsixH8337שָׁנִ֑יםshanimyearsH8141וַיָּ֗מָתvaiyamotand he diedH4191יִפְתָּח֙yiftachJephthahH3316הַגִּלְעָדִ֔יhagiladithe GileaditeH1569וַיִּקָּבֵ֖רvaiyikaverand he was buriedH6912בְּעָרֵ֥יbeareiin [the] cities ofH5892גִלְעָֽד׃ פgiladGileadH1568
Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon8
Judges 12:8· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Judges 12:9· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיְהִי־vayhi-and it belongedH1961ל֞וֹloto <the> himשְׁלֹשִׁ֣יםsheloshimthirtyH7970בָּנִ֗יםbanimsonsH1121וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֤יםusheloshimand thirtyH7970בָּנוֹת֙banotdaughtersH1323שִׁלַּ֣חshilachhe sent awayH7971הַח֔וּצָהhachutzahthe outside towardsH2351וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֣יםusheloshimand thirtyH7970בָּנ֔וֹתbanotdaughtersH1323הֵבִ֥יאhevi'he broughtH935לְבָנָ֖יוlevanavfor sons hisH1121מִן־min-fromH4480הַח֑וּץhachutzthe outsideH2351וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֥טvaiyishpotand he judgedH8199אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyisraelIsraelH3478שֶׁ֥בַעsheva'sevenH7651שָׁנִֽים׃shanimyearsH8141
Judges 12:10· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Judges 12:11· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֤טvaiyishpotand he judgedH8199אַֽחֲרָיו֙ʾacharavafter himH310אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyisraelIsraelH3478אֵיל֖וֹןʾeilonElonH356הַזְּבֽוּלֹנִ֑יhazevulonithe ZebuluniteH2075וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֥טvaiyishpotand he judgedH8199אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyisraelIsraelH3478עֶ֥שֶׂרʾesertenH6235שָׁנִֽים׃shanimyearsH8141
Judges 12:12· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Judges 12:13· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Judges 12:14· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיְהִי־vayhi-and it belongedH1961ל֞וֹloto <the> himאַרְבָּעִ֣יםʾarbaimfortyH705בָּנִ֗יםbanimsonsH1121וּשְׁלֹשִׁים֙usheloshimand thirtyH7970בְּנֵ֣יbeneisons ofH1121בָנִ֔יםvanimsonsH1121רֹכְבִ֖יםrokhevim[who] rodeH7392עַל־ʾal-onH5921שִׁבְעִ֣יםshivimseventyH7657עֲיָרִ֑םʾayarimdonkeysH5895וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֥טvaiyishpotand he judgedH8199אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyisraelIsraelH3478שְׁמֹנֶ֥הshemoneheightH8083שָׁנִֽים׃shanimyearsH8141
Judges 12:15· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיָּ֛מָתvaiyamotand he diedH4191עַבְדּ֥וֹןavdonAbdonH5658בֶּן־ben-[the] son ofH1121הִלֵּ֖לhilelHillelH1985הַפִּרְעָתוֹנִ֑יhapiratonithe PirathoniteH6553וַיִּקָּבֵ֤רvaiyikaverand he was buriedH6912בְּפִרְעָתוֹן֙befiratonat PirathonH6552בְּאֶ֣רֶץbeeretzin [the] land ofH776אֶפְרַ֔יִםʾefrayimEphraimH669בְּהַ֖רbeharin [the] hill country ofH2022הָעֲמָלֵקִֽי׃ פhaamalkithe Amalekite[s]H6003