Hebrew verb · H7819
שָׁחַט
shachatshaw-khat'
to slaughter; slaughtering
81 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key
Concordance spelling: shâchaṭ
Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H7819is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.
- 14 of 39Old Testament books
- 65spellings
- 2meanings
The definition in full
Strong's key (1890) · H7819
to slaughter (in sacrifice or massacre)
The King James renders it: kill, offer, shoot out, slay, slaughter.
James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.
Summary
shachat is rendered "to slaughter; slaughtering". It stands 81 times in the Hebrew text, across fourteen books.
- Thirty-six of the uses stand in Leviticus, more than in any other book.
- The lexicon lists two meanings for it, beginning with "to slaughter".
- Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Genesis 22:10Then Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son.
- The Greek text spells it sixty-five different ways.
The first use
Then Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son.
Genesis 22:10לִשְׁחֹ֖ט
The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.
Where the word stands
What the word means
The word carries two meanings: to slaughter, and slaughtering.
Each meaning, and the words it is translated by
| Meaning | Tagged as | Where |
|---|---|---|
| to slaughterStrong's entry A | Tagged aslisted under the table | WhereGenesis 22:10Then Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son. |
| slaughteringStrong's entry B | Tagged aslisted under the table | Wherein the ledger below |
How the Greek text is glossed, word by word
- and he will cut throat of13
- and they slaughtered11
- and he cut throat of6
- and you will slaughter4
- he will cut throat of3
- someone cuts throat of3
- and he slaughtered2
- and he slaughtered them2
- and slaughter2
- and someone will cut throat of2
- and they slaughtered them2
- had the throat cut2
and 27 more, 81 uses in all
The words built on the same word-part
Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.
| Word | Written | Meaning | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| שָׁחָה | shachah | to bow | Uses172 |
| שָׁחַת | shachath | to ruin | Uses146 |
| שָׁחַח | shachach | to bow | Uses21 |
| שָׁחַר | shachar | to seek | Uses12 |
| שָׁחֹר | shachor | black | Uses6 |
| שָׁחַט | shachat | beaten | Uses5 |
| שָׁחַק | shachaq | to beat | Uses4 |
| שָׁחַד | shachad | to bribe | Uses2 |
| שָׁחִיס | shachis | offspring | Uses2 |
| שָׁחַר | shachar | be black | Uses1 |
| שָׁחִיף | shachiph | paneled | Uses1 |
Other numbers on this spelling
Strong gave these words the same spelling and different numbers, so the site counts and defines them apart.
The words it stands beside
All 81, in canonical order
Every use, in order
Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.
65 spellings and their grammar
STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.
How it is spelled
- וְשָׁחַ֣ט4
- וַֽיִּשְׁחֲטוּ֙3
- וַֽיִּשְׁחֲט֖וּ3
- וַיִּשְׁחֲט֣וּ3
- וְשָׁחַ֥ט3
- וַיִּשְׁחֲטוּ־2
- וַיִּשְׁחָטֵ֖ם2
- וְשָׁחַ֛ט2
- וְשָׁחַ֖ט2
- יִשְׁחַ֥ט2
- הַשְּׁחוּטָ֔ה1
- הַשְּׁחֻטָ֔ה1
and 53 more spellings in the ledger below.
The grammar of each form
- Hc/Vqq3ms16Hc/Vqq3ms
- Hc/Vqw3mp12Hc/Vqw3mp
- Hc/Vqw3ms8Hc/Vqw3ms
- verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular6HVqi3ms
- verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine plural5HVqi3mp
- Hc/Vqq2ms3Hc/Vqq2ms
- Hc/Vqw3ms/Sp3mp3Hc/Vqw3ms/Sp3mp
- conjunction (“and”) + verb · simple (qal), command · 2nd person masculine plural2HC/Vqv2mp
- Hc/Vqw3mp/Sp3mp2Hc/Vqw3mp/Sp3mp
- preposition + verb · simple (qal), infinitive (“to…”)2HR/Vqcc
- the definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), passive participle · feminine singular2HTd/Vqsfsa
- verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singular2HVNi3fs
Genesis
two uses
Then Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son.
- לִשְׁחֹ֖טlishchotpreposition + verb · simple (qal), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to slaughter
Then they took Joseph’s robe, slaughtered a young goat, and dipped the robe in its blood.
- וַֽיִּשְׁחֲטוּ֙vaiyishchatuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they slaughtered
Exodus
six uses
You must keep it until the fourteenth day of the month, when the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel will slaughter the animals at twilight.
- וְשָׁחֲט֣וּveshachatuHc/Vqq3cptagged: and they will slaughter
Then Moses summoned all the elders of Israel and told them, “Go at once and select for yourselves a lamb for each family, and slaughter the Passover lamb.
- וְשַׁחֲט֥וּveshachatuconjunction (“and”) + verb · simple (qal), command · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: and slaughter
And you shall slaughter the bull before the LORD at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.
- וְשָׁחַטְתָּ֥veshachataHc/Vqq2mstagged: and you will slaughter
You are to slaughter the ram, take its blood, and sprinkle it on all sides of the altar.
- וְשָׁחַטְתָּ֖veshachataHc/Vqq2mstagged: and you will slaughter
Slaughter the ram, take some of its blood, and put it on the right earlobes of Aaron and his sons, on the thumbs of their right hands, and on the big toes of their right feet. Sprinkle the remaining blood on all sides of the altar.
- וְשָׁחַטְתָּ֣veshachataHc/Vqq2mstagged: and you will slaughter
Do not offer the blood of a sacrifice to Me along with anything leavened, and do not let any of the sacrifice from the Passover Feast remain until morning.
- תִשְׁחַ֥טtishchatverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you must slaughter
Leviticus
thirty-six uses
And he shall slaughter the young bull before the LORD, and Aaron’s sons the priests are to present the blood and sprinkle it on all sides of the altar at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.
- וְשָׁחַ֛טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
He shall slaughter it on the north side of the altar before the LORD, and Aaron’s sons the priests are to sprinkle its blood against the altar on all sides.
- וְשָׁחַ֨טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
He is to lay his hand on the head of the offering and slaughter it at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. Then Aaron’s sons the priests shall sprinkle the blood on all sides of the altar.
- וּשְׁחָט֕וֹushechatoHc/Vqq3ms/Sp3mstagged: and he will cut throat its
He is to lay his hand on the head of his offering and slaughter it in front of the Tent of Meeting. Then Aaron’s sons shall sprinkle its blood on all sides of the altar.
- וְשָׁחַ֣טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
He must lay his hand on its head and slaughter it in front of the Tent of Meeting. Then Aaron’s sons shall sprinkle its blood on all sides of the altar.
- וְשָׁחַ֣טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
He must bring the bull to the entrance to the Tent of Meeting before the LORD, lay his hand on the bull’s head, and slaughter it before the LORD.
- וְשָׁחַ֥טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
The elders of the congregation are to lay their hands on the bull’s head before the LORD, and it shall be slaughtered before the LORD.
- וְשָׁחַ֥טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and someone will cut throat of
He is to lay his hand on the head of the goat and slaughter it at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered before the LORD. It is a sin offering.
- וְשָׁחַ֣טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
- יִשְׁחַ֥טyishchatverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: someone cuts throat of
He is to lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and slaughter it at the place of the burnt offering.
- וְשָׁחַט֙veshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
And he is to lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and slaughter it as a sin offering at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered.
- וְשָׁחַ֤טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
- יִשְׁחַ֖טyishchatverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: someone cuts throat of
“Tell Aaron and his sons that this is the law of the sin offering: In the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered, the sin offering shall be slaughtered before the LORD; it is most holy.
- תִּשָּׁחֵ֨טtishachetverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it has its throat cut
- תִּשָּׁחֵ֤טtishachetverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it will have its throat cut
The guilt offering must be slaughtered in the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered, and the priest shall sprinkle its blood on all sides of the altar.
- יִשְׁחֲטוּ֙yishchatuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: people cut throat of
- יִשְׁחֲט֖וּyishchatuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: people will cut throat of
Moses slaughtered the bull, took some of the blood, and applied it with his finger to all four horns of the altar, purifying the altar. He poured out the rest of the blood at the base of the altar and consecrated it so that atonement could be made on it.
- וַיִּשְׁחָ֗טvaiyishchatHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he cut throat of
Moses slaughtered the ram and sprinkled the blood on all sides of the altar.
- וַיִּשְׁחָ֑טvaiyishchatHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he cut throat of
Moses slaughtered the ram and took some of its blood and put it on Aaron’s right earlobe, on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot.
- וַיִּשְׁחָ֓ט׀vaiyishchatHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he cut throat of
So Aaron approached the altar and slaughtered the calf as a sin offering for himself.
- וַיִּשְׁחַ֛טvaiyishchatHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he cut throat of
Then Aaron slaughtered the burnt offering. His sons brought him the blood, and he sprinkled it on all sides of the altar.
- וַיִּשְׁחַ֖טvaiyishchatHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he cut throat of
Aaron then presented the people’s offering. He took the male goat for the people’s sin offering, slaughtered it, and offered it for sin like the first one.
- וַיִּשְׁחָטֵ֥הוּvaiyishchatehuHc/Vqw3ms/Sp3mstagged: and he cut throat its
Then he slaughtered the ox and the ram as the people’s peace offering. His sons brought him the blood, and he sprinkled it on all sides of the altar.
- וַיִּשְׁחַ֤טvaiyishchatHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he cut throat of
Then the priest shall command that one of the birds be slaughtered over fresh water in a clay pot.
- וְשָׁחַ֖טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and someone will cut throat of
And he is to take the live bird together with the cedar wood, scarlet yarn, and hyssop, and dip them into the blood of the bird that was slaughtered over the fresh water.
- הַשְּׁחֻטָ֔הhashechutahthe definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), passive participle · feminine singulartagged: had the throat cut
Then he is to slaughter the lamb in the sanctuary area where the sin offering and burnt offering are slaughtered. Like the sin offering, the guilt offering belongs to the priest; it is most holy.
- וְשָׁחַ֣טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
- יִשְׁחַ֧טyishchatverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: someone cuts throat of
Then the priest is to sacrifice the sin offering and make atonement for the one to be cleansed from his uncleanness. After that, the priest shall slaughter the burnt offering
- יִשְׁחַ֥טyishchatverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he will cut throat of
And after he slaughters the lamb for the guilt offering, the priest is to take some of the blood of the guilt offering and put it on the right earlobe of the one to be cleansed, on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot.
- וְשָׁחַט֮veshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
and he shall slaughter one of the birds over fresh water in a clay pot.
- וְשָׁחַ֖טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
Then he shall take the cedar wood, the hyssop, the scarlet yarn, and the live bird, dip them in the blood of the slaughtered bird and the fresh water, and sprinkle the house seven times.
- הַשְּׁחוּטָ֔הhashechutahthe definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), passive participle · feminine singulartagged: had the throat cut
When Aaron presents the bull for his sin offering and makes atonement for himself and his household, he is to slaughter the bull for his own sin offering.
- וְשָׁחַ֛טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
Aaron shall then slaughter the goat for the sin offering for the people and bring its blood behind the veil, and with its blood he must do as he did with the bull’s blood: He is to sprinkle it against the mercy seat and in front of it.
- וְשָׁחַ֞טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will cut throat of
‘Anyone from the house of Israel who slaughters an ox, a lamb, or a goat in the camp or outside of it
- יִשְׁחַ֜טyishchatverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he will cut throat of
- יִשְׁחַ֔טyishchatverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he will cut throat of
But you must not slaughter an ox or a sheep on the same day as its young.
- תִשְׁחֲט֖וּtishchatuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you must cut throat of
Numbers
three uses
If all our flocks and herds were slaughtered for them, would they have enough? Or if all the fish in the sea were caught for them, would they have enough?”
- יִשָּׁחֵ֥טyishachetverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: will it be slaughtered
‘Because the LORD was unable to bring this people into the land He swore to give them, He has slaughtered them in the wilderness.’
- וַיִּשְׁחָטֵ֖םvaiyishchatemHc/Vqw3ms/Sp3mptagged: and he has slaughtered them
Give it to Eleazar the priest, and he will have it brought outside the camp and slaughtered in his presence.
- וְשָׁחַ֥טveshachatHc/Vqq3mstagged: and someone will slaughter
Judges
one use
they told him, “Please say Shibboleth.” If he said, “Sibboleth,” because he could not pronounce it correctly, they seized him and killed him at the fords of the Jordan. So at that time 42,000 Ephraimites were killed.
- וַיִּשְׁחָט֖וּהוּvaiyishchatuhuHc/Vqw3mp/Sp3mstagged: and they slaughtered him
1 Samuel
four uses
And when they had slaughtered the bull, they brought the boy to Eli.
- וַֽיִּשְׁחֲט֖וּvaiyishchatuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they slaughtered
So they rushed greedily to the plunder, taking sheep, cattle, and calves. They slaughtered them on the ground and ate meat with the blood still in it.
- וַיִּשְׁחֲטוּ־vaiyishchatu-Hc/Vqw3mptagged: and they slaughtered
Then he said, “Go among the troops and tell them, ‘Each man must bring me his ox or his sheep, slaughter them in this place, and then eat. Do not sin against the LORD by eating meat with the blood still in it.’” So that night everyone brought his ox and slaughtered it there.
- וּשְׁחַטְתֶּ֤םushechatemHc/Vqq2mptagged: and you will slaughter
- וַיִּשְׁחֲטוּ־vaiyishchatu-Hc/Vqw3mptagged: and they slaughtered
1 Kings
one use
Then Elijah ordered them, “Seize the prophets of Baal! Do not let a single one escape.” So they seized them, and Elijah brought them down to the Kishon Valley and slaughtered them there.
- וַיִּשְׁחָטֵ֖םvaiyishchatemHc/Vqw3ms/Sp3mptagged: and he slaughtered them
2 Kings
three uses
And when the letter arrived, they took the sons of the king and slaughtered all seventy of them. They put their heads in baskets and sent them to Jehu at Jezreel.
- וַֽיִּשְׁחֲט֖וּvaiyishchatuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they slaughtered
Then Jehu ordered, “Take them alive.” So his men took them alive, then slaughtered them at the well of Beth-eked—forty-two men. He spared none of them.
- וַֽיִּשְׁחָט֞וּםvaiyishchatumHc/Vqw3mp/Sp3mptagged: and they slaughtered them
And they slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes. Then they put out his eyes, bound him with bronze shackles, and took him to Babylon.
- שָׁחֲט֖וּshachatuverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they slaughtered
2 Chronicles
eight uses
So they slaughtered the bulls, and the priests took the blood and sprinkled it on the altar. They slaughtered the rams and sprinkled the blood on the altar. And they slaughtered the lambs and sprinkled the blood on the altar.
- וַֽיִּשְׁחֲטוּ֙vaiyishchatuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they slaughtered
- וַיִּשְׁחֲט֣וּvaiyishchatuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they slaughtered
- וַֽיִּשְׁחֲטוּ֙vaiyishchatuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they slaughtered
And the priests slaughtered the goats and put their blood on the altar for a sin offering, to make atonement for all Israel, because the king had ordered the burnt offering and the sin offering for all Israel.
- וַיִּשְׁחָטוּם֙vaiyishchatumHc/Vqw3mp/Sp3mptagged: and they slaughtered them
And on the fourteenth day of the second month they slaughtered the Passover lamb. The priests and Levites were ashamed, and they consecrated themselves and brought burnt offerings to the house of the LORD.
- וַיִּשְׁחֲט֣וּvaiyishchatuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they slaughtered
Then Josiah celebrated the Passover to the LORD in Jerusalem, and the Passover lamb was slaughtered on the fourteenth day of the first month.
- וַיִּשְׁחֲט֣וּvaiyishchatuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and people slaughtered
Slaughter the Passover lambs, consecrate yourselves, and make preparations for your fellow countrymen to carry out the word of the LORD given by Moses.”
- וְשַׁחֲט֖וּveshachatuconjunction (“and”) + verb · simple (qal), command · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: and slaughter
And they slaughtered the Passover lambs, while the priests sprinkled the blood handed to them and the Levites skinned the animals.
- וַֽיִּשְׁחֲט֖וּvaiyishchatuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they slaughtered
Ezra
one use
All the priests and Levites had purified themselves and were ceremonially clean. And the Levites slaughtered the Passover lamb for all the exiles, for their priestly brothers, and for themselves.
- וַיִּשְׁחֲט֤וּvaiyishchatuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they slaughtered
Isaiah
three uses
But look, there is joy and gladness, butchering of cattle and slaughtering of sheep, eating of meat and drinking of wine: “Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die!”
- וְשָׁחֹ֣טveshachotconjunction (“and”) + verb · simple (qal), infinitive absolutetagged: and they are slaughtering
who burn with lust among the oaks, under every luxuriant tree, who slaughter your children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks?
- שֹׁחֲטֵ֤יshochateiverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)tagged: slaughter
Whoever slaughters an ox is like one who slays a man; whoever sacrifices a lamb is like one who breaks a dog’s neck; whoever presents a grain offering is like one who offers pig’s blood; whoever offers frankincense is like one who blesses an idol. Indeed, they have chosen their own ways and delighted in their abominations.
- שׁוֹחֵ֨טshochetverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: slaughters
Jeremiah
six uses
Their tongues are deadly arrows; they speak deception. With his mouth a man speaks peace to his neighbor, but in his heart he sets a trap for him.
- שָׁח֛וּטshochetverb · simple (qal), passive participle · masculine singulartagged: beaten
There at Riblah the king of Babylon slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and he also killed all the nobles of Judah.
- וַיִּשְׁחַט֩vaiyishchatHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he slaughtered
- שָׁחַ֖טshachatverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he slaughtered
And when they came into the city, Ishmael son of Nethaniah and the men with him slaughtered them and threw them into a cistern.
- וַיִּשְׁחָטֵ֞םvaiyishchatemHc/Vqw3ms/Sp3mptagged: and he slaughtered them
There at Riblah the king of Babylon slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and he also killed all the officials of Judah.
- וַיִּשְׁחַ֧טvaiyishchatHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he slaughtered
- שָׁחַ֥טshachatverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he slaughtered
Ezekiel
six uses
You slaughtered My children and delivered them up through the fire to idols.
- וַֽתִּשְׁחֲטִ֖יvatishchatiHc/Vqw2fstagged: and you slaughtered
On the very day they slaughtered their children for their idols, they entered My sanctuary to profane it. Yes, they did this inside My house.
- וּֽבְשַׁחֲטָ֤םuveshachatamconjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · simple (qal), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: and when had slaughtered they
Inside the portico of the gateway were two tables on each side, on which the burnt offerings, sin offerings, and guilt offerings were to be slaughtered.
- לִשְׁח֤וֹטlishchotpreposition + verb · simple (qal), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to slaughter
So there were four tables inside the gateway and four outside—eight tables in all—on which the sacrifices were to be slaughtered.
- יִשְׁחָֽטוּ׃yishchatuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: people slaughter
There were also four tables of dressed stone for the burnt offering, each a cubit and a half long, a cubit and a half wide, and a cubit high. On these were placed the utensils used to slaughter the burnt offerings and the other sacrifices.
- יִשְׁחֲט֧וּyishchatuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: people slaughtered
Yet they shall be ministers in My sanctuary, having charge of the gates of the temple and ministering there. They shall slaughter the burnt offerings and other sacrifices for the people and stand before them to minister to them.
- יִשְׁחֲט֨וּyishchatuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will slaughter
Hosea
one use
The rebels are deep in slaughter; but I will chastise them all.
- וְשַׁחֲטָ֥הveshachatahconjunction (“and”) + noun · feminine singulartagged: and slaughtering
Where it leads
How the numbers are counted
Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.
Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.
The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.
The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.
