Romans 7:3
in Romans 7So then, if she is joined to another man while her husband is still alive, she is called an adulteress; but if her husband dies, she is free from that law and is not an adulteress, even if she marries another man.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
So then if, while the husband liveth, she be joined to another man, she shall be called an adulteress: but if the husband die, she is free from the law, so that she is no adulteress, though she be joined to another man.
KJV
So then if, while her husband liveth, she be married to another man, she shall be called an adulteress: but if her husband be dead, she is free from that law; so that she is no adulteress, though she be married to another man.
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This verse in Romans 7
Commentary
12 notes on this verseAnd for this reason he says: "Therefore, while her husband lives, she will be called an adulteress if she be with another man," so as to show that the soul of a man too, if it has now come to Christ and has been joined to Christ as to a second husband, must in no way have the oldness of the letter — which is as it were the former husband — living in it, lest perchance, if it should have him living within it, she become an adulteress, having been so joined to the second that the former was still alive to her.
This site's exposition
the law has authority over a man
on Romans 7:1-3
The law holds authority over a man only while he lives. Paul proves it from marriage, where a wife is bound to her husband, and his death releases her from the law of marriage. Henry and Hodge read the picture for its one point, that death ends a legal claim.
This site's exposition
she is called an adulteress
Called renders chrematizo, which Barnes notes can mean named by an oracle and here means the name the woman is given by all. The husband's death releases her from the law, and a marriage that was adultery while he lived becomes lawful.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers3 voices
For just as a woman is freed by the death of her husband from the law of her husband but not from the law of nature, so also they will be set free by the grace of God from the law by which they were …
A commentator
Origen of AlexandriaCOMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS · Written before 253.
proposed
"Or are you ignorant, brothers (for I speak to those who know the law), that the law has dominion over a man as long as he lives? For the woman who is under a husband is bound by the law while her husband lives. But if her husband dies, she is loosed from the law of her husband. Therefore, while her husband lives, she shall be called an adulteress if she be with another man. But if her husband dies, she is freed from the law of her husband, so that she is no longer an adulteress if she be with another man. And so, my brothers, you also have been made dead to the law through the body of Christ, that you may belong to another, who rose from the dead, that we may bear fruit to God. For when we were in the flesh, the vices of sins, which were through the law, worked in our members, so that they bore fruit unto death. But now we have been loosed from the law, being dead to that in which we were held, so that we may serve in newness of spirit, and not in oldness of the letter." Discoursing more broadly in the preceding passages about faith and the law, he shows that faith is in all things to be preferred — the faith, that is, only of those who believe "in him who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead." After this he adds what sort of conduct theirs ought also to be, in which he discoursed both about the sin of Adam and the righteousness of Christ; but he also disputed about servitude and liberty, by which one either serves righteousness and is free from sin, or serves sin and is free from righteousness. […]
Next, after hinting this at the commencement, he carries on what he has to say by way of proof, in the woman's case, in the following way. "For the woman which hath an husband is bound by the Law to her husband, so long as he liveth: but if the husband be dead, she is loosed from the Law of her husband. So then, if while her husband liveth, she be married to another man, she is called an adulteress: but if her husband be dead, she is free from that law; so that she is no adulteress, though she be married to another man." He keeps continually upon this point, and that with great exactness, since he feels quite sure of the proof grounded on it: and in the husband's place he puts the Law, but in the woman's, all believers. Then he adds the conclusion in such way, that it does not tally with the premiss; for what the context would require would be, "and so, my brethren, the Law doth not rule over you, for it is dead." But he does not say so, but only in the premiss hinted it, and in the inference, afterwards, to prevent what he says being distasteful, he brings the woman in as dead by saying, "Wherefore, my brethren, ye also are become dead to the Law." As then the one or the other event gives rise to the same freedom, what is there to prevent his showing favor to the Law without any harm being done to the cause? "For the woman which hath an husband is bound by the Law to her husband as long as he liveth." What is become now of those that speak evil of the Law? Let them hear, how even when forced upon it, he does not bereave it of its dignity, but speaks great things of its power; if while it is alive the Jew is bound, and they are to be called adulterers who transgress it, and leave it whiles it is alive. But if they let go of it after it has died, this is not to be wondered at. […]
The Medieval Church2 voices
Then he clarifies what he had meant by a sign, when he says therefore, while her husband. And first, in regard to the obligation of marriage, which continues for the wife while her husband lives. The sign of this is that she will be called …
Here he likened the husband to the law, and the wife to his listeners. Then he should have said: therefore, brethren, the law has no authority over you, for it has died. But the apostle did not say this, so as not to grieve the …
4 more voices on this verse
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
So then if while her husband liveth,....
It will make her an adulteress, not only to be defiled by, but to be married to, another man; for that is so much the worse, upon this account, that it abuses an ordinance of God, by making it to patronise the uncleanness.
The Nineteenth Century2 voices
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
So then if ... - compare Mat 5:32. She shall be called - She will be. The word used here χρηματίσει chrēmatisei is often used to denote being called by an oracle or by divine revelation. But it is here employed in the simple sense of being commonly called, or of being so regarded.
So then, if, while her husband liveth - The object of the apostle’s similitude is to show that each party is equally bound to the other; but that the death of either dissolves the engagement. So - she is no adulteress, though she be married to another - And do not imagine that this change would argue any disloyalty in you to your Maker; for, as he has determined that this law of ordinances shall cease, you are no more bound to it than a woman is to a deceased husband, and are as free to receive the Gospel of Christ as a woman in such circumstances would be to remarry.
The words behind it
29 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ἄρα | ara | Then | G686 → | 49 times |
| οὖν | oun | therefore | G3767 → | 497 times |
| ζῶντος | zontos | while is living | G2198 → | 139 times |
| τοῦ | tou | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ἀνδρὸς | andros | husband | G435 → | 216 times |
| μοιχαλὶς | moichalis | an adulteress | G3428 → | |
| χρηματίσει, | chrematisei | she will be called | G5537 → | |
| ἐὰν | ean | if | G1437 → | 352 times |
| γένηται | genetai | she shall become [married] | G1096 → | 667 times |
| ἀνδρὶ | andri | to man | G435 → | 216 times |
| ἑτέρῳ· | hetero | another; | G2087 → | 97 times |
| ἐὰν | ean | if | G1437 → | 352 times |
| δὲ | de | however | G1161 → | 2765 times |
| ἀποθάνῃ | apothane | shall die | G599 → | 110 times |
| ὁ | ho | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ἀνήρ, | aner | husband, | G435 → | 216 times |
| ἐλευθέρα | eleuthera | free | G1658 → | |
| ἐστὶν | estin | she is | G1510 → | 2333 times |
| ἀπὸ | apo | from | G575 → | 640 times |
| τοῦ | tou | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| νόμου | nomou | law | G3551 → | 192 times |
| τοῦ | tou | which | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| μὴ | me | not | G3361 → | 1066 times |
| εἶναι | einai | to be | G1511 → | 123 times |
| αὐτὴν | auten | her | G846 → | 5565 times |
| μοιχαλίδα | moichalida | an adulteress | G3428 → | |
| γενομένην | genomenen | having become [married] | G1096 → | 667 times |
| ἀνδρὶ | andri | to man | G435 → | 216 times |
| ἑτέρῳ.¶ | hetero | another. | G2087 → | 97 times |
ἄραThen
araG686 →49 times
οὖνtherefore
ounG3767 →497 times
ζῶντοςwhile is living
zontosG2198 →139 times
τοῦthe
touG3588 →19766 times
ἀνδρὸςhusband
androsG435 →216 times
μοιχαλὶςan adulteress
moichalisG3428 →
χρηματίσει,she will be called
chrematiseiG5537 →
ἐὰνif
eanG1437 →352 times
γένηταιshe shall become [married]
genetaiG1096 →667 times
ἀνδρὶto man
andriG435 →216 times
ἑτέρῳ·another;
heteroG2087 →97 times
ἐὰνif
eanG1437 →352 times
δὲhowever
deG1161 →2765 times
ἀποθάνῃshall die
apothaneG599 →110 times
ὁthe
hoG3588 →19766 times
ἀνήρ,husband,
anerG435 →216 times
ἐλευθέραfree
eleutheraG1658 →
ἐστὶνshe is
estinG1510 →2333 times
ἀπὸfrom
apoG575 →640 times
τοῦthe
touG3588 →19766 times
νόμουlaw
nomouG3551 →192 times
τοῦwhich
touG3588 →19766 times
μὴnot
meG3361 →1066 times
εἶναιto be
einaiG1511 →123 times
αὐτὴνher
autenG846 →5565 times
μοιχαλίδαan adulteress
moichalidaG3428 →
γενομένηνhaving become [married]
genomenenG1096 →667 times
ἀνδρὶto man
andriG435 →216 times
ἑτέρῳ.¶another.
heteroG2087 →97 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Exodus 20:14You shall not commit adultery.
it leads to
- Hebrews 13:4
Marriage should be honored by all and the marriage bed kept undefiled, for God will judge the sexually immoral and adulterers.
- Deuteronomy 5:18
You shall not commit adultery.
- Romans 7:2–3
For instance, a married woman is bound by law to her husband as long as he lives. But if her husband dies, she is released from the law of marriage.
- Romans 13:9
The commandments “Do not commit adultery,” “Do not murder,” “Do not steal,” “Do not covet,” and any other commandments, are summed up in this one decree: “Love your neighbor as yourself.”
- Hebrews 13:4
Through
Matthew 5:32But I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, brings adultery upon her. And he who marries a divorced woman commits adultery.
it leads to
- Luke 16:18
Anyone who divorces his wife and marries another woman commits adultery, and he who marries a divorced woman commits adultery.
- 1 Corinthians 7:10–11
To the married I give this command (not I, but the Lord): A wife must not separate from her husband.
- 1 Corinthians 7:4
The wife does not have authority over her own body, but the husband. Likewise the husband does not have authority over his own body, but the wife.
- Matthew 19:8–9
Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because of your hardness of heart; but it was not this way from the beginning.
- Luke 16:18
Where this verse is studied
On this page
About Romans

This page draws on 10 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrosiaster, COMMENTARY ON PAUL'S EPISTLES; Charles Hodge, Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans; John Chrysostom, Homily on Romans 12; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Romans and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Romans.
