Job 42:6
in Job 42Therefore I retract my words, and I repent in dust and ashes.”
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Wherefore I abhor myself, And repent in dust and ashes.
KJV
Wherefore I abhor myself, and repent in dust and ashes.
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This verse in Job 42
Commentary
11 notes on this verseWherefore I reproach myself. 6. For the less a person sees himself, the less is he displeased with himself; and the more he discerns the light of greater grace, the more blameworthy does he acknowledge himself to be. For when he is elevated within, by all that he is, he endeavours to agree with that standard which he beholds above him. And because human weakness still impedes him, he perceives that he differs therefrom in no slight degree, and every thing within him is burdensome, which does not agree with that inward standard.
This site's exposition
Listen now, and I will speak
on Job 42:4-6
Job repeats God's summons, meeting in reverse his demand at 13:22. The phrase “dust and ashes” is given elsewhere only to Abraham at Genesis 18:27 and to Job at 30:19, and Delitzsch sees Abraham's posture. Gill notes the ashes Job sat in at 2:8 become the ashes he repents in.
This site's exposition
I repent in dust and ashes
Henry notes that Job first sat among the ashes for his adversity and now sits in the dust for his sins. Chrysostom notes he repents before his trial ends. Gregory said the more a man sees, the more blame he owns.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers1 voice
God clearly said to him, "Do you think that I have dealt with you in any other way than that you might appear to be righteous?" That was in order, he says, to make you speak as you are speaking now, and not in order to condemn you. This is a justification for all that happened before. Actually he has not been delivered yet from his trial when he speaks so, but he is still in the midst of his torments when he makes his retraction. I attach no importance to myself, he says; I am only going to present the justification of God with regard to what has happened before. I was not even worthy of that. It is when Job has condemned himself that God justifies him. And what does he say? He has said to his friends that they must expiate their guilt and constantly calls Job his servant.
The Medieval Church1 voice
The more one considers the justice of God, the more he sees his own fault, and so he says, "Therefore I reproach myself," when I consider my own fault. Since it does not suffice to confess one's own fault unless one makes satisfaction, he continues, …
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
8 , he sat down among the ashes ), but now his sins brought him thither. True penitents mourn for their sins as heartily as ever they did for any outward afflictions, and are in bitterness as for an only son of a first-born, for they are brought to see more evils in their sins than in their troubles. (3.) Self-loathing is evermore the companion of true repentance.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens
Wherefore I abhor myself,....
The Nineteenth Century1 voice
I abhor myself - Compared with thine, my strength is weakness; my wisdom, folly; and my righteousness, impurity. “I loathe myself when thee I see; And into nothing fall.” Repent - I am deeply distressed on account of the imaginations of my heart, the words of my tongue, and the acts of my life. I roll myself in the dust, and sprinkle ashes upon my head.
3 more voices on this verse
The Nineteenth Century3 voices
JEHOVAH had spoken, Job had trembled. The Lord had revealed Himself, Job had seen Him. Truly, God did but display the skirts of His robe and unveil a part of His ways. But therein was so much of ineffable glory that Job laid his hand upon his mouth in token of his silent consent to the claims of the Everlasting One. God spoke to Job out of the whirlwind concerning the greatness of His power, the wonders of His workings, the splendor of His skill, the infinity of His wisdom.
JEHOVAH had spoken, Job had trembled. The Lord had revealed Himself, Job had seen Him. Truly, God did but display the skirts of His robe and unveil a part of His ways. But therein was so much of ineffable glory that Job laid his hand upon his mouth in token of his silent consent to the claims of the Everlasting One. God spoke to Job out of the whirlwind concerning the greatness of His power, the wonders of His workings, the splendor of His skill, the infinity of His wisdom. Carefully read that wonderful speech of the Most High to the trembling Patriarch. I dare not call it poetry. For it rises as much above human poetry as the most sublime poetry stands above the poorest prose. It is simply a statement of facts and these are mentioned in language of the simplest kind. But the overpowering glory of the utterance lies in the facts themselves. These sublime stanzas are spoken in the idiom of God. Those only know the peculiar style of the living God who have become familiar with the sacred Word in Spirit and in Truth and such persons can at once distinguish the speech of Jehovah from that of men. Read the Divine address, that you may see how Jehovah caused the afflicted Patriarch to feel Him near. In the confession which now lies before us, Job acknowledges God's boundless power. For he exclaims, "I know that You can do everything, and that no thought can be withheld from You." He felt that whatever the Lord chose to think or desire He could at once accomplish. Job had a glimpse of that omnipotence of which the height and depth no mind can ever measure. Job sees his own folly. He speaks like a man in a maze or a muse and he says, "Who is He that hides counsel without knowledge?" Look at the second verse of chapter thirty-eight and you will see that he is quoting what God had said to him.
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
Wherefore I abhor myself - I see that I am a sinner to be loathed and abhorred. Job, though he did not claim to be perfect, had yet unquestionably been unduly exalted with the conception of his own righteousness, and in the zeal of his argument, and under the excitement of his feelings when reproached by his friends, had indulged in indefensible language respecting his own integrity. He now saw the error and folly of this, and desired to take the lowest place of humiliation. Compared with a pure and holy God, he saw that he was utterly vile and loathsome, and was not unwilling now to confess it. “And repent.” Of the spirit which I have evinced; of the language used in self-vindication; of the manner in which I have spoken of God. Of the general sentiments which he had maintained in regard to the divine administration as contrasted with those of his friends he had no occasion to repent, for they were correct Job 42:8, nor had he occasion to repent “as if” he had never been a true penitent or a pious man. But he now saw that in the spirit which he had evinced under his afflictions, and in his argument, there was much to regret; and he doubtless saw that there had been much in his former life which had furnished occasion for bringing these trials upon him, over which he ought now to mourn. In dust and ashes - In the most lowly manner, and with the most expressive symbols of humiliation. It was customary in times of grief, whether in view of sin or from calamity, to sit down in ashes (see the notes at Job 2:8; compare Dan 9:3; Jon 3:6; Mat 11:21); or on such an occasion the sufferer and the penitent would strew ashes over himself; compare Isa 58:5. […]
The words behind it
7 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| עַל־ | ʾal- | there- | H5921 → | 5755 times |
| כֵּ֭ן | ken | -fore | H3651 → | 771 times |
| אֶמְאַ֣ס | ʾemas | I reject | H3988 → | 76 times |
| וְנִחַ֑מְתִּי | venichamti | and I repent | H5162 → | 108 times |
| עַל־ | ʾal- | on | H5921 → | 5755 times |
| עָפָ֥ר | ʾafar | dust | H6083 → | 110 times |
| וָאֵֽפֶר׃ פ | vaefer | and ash[es] | H665 → | 22 times |
עַל־there-
ʾal-H5921 →5755 times
כֵּ֭ן-fore
kenH3651 →771 times
אֶמְאַ֣סI reject
ʾemasH3988 →76 times
וְנִחַ֑מְתִּיand I repent
venichamtiH5162 →108 times
עַל־on
ʾal-H5921 →5755 times
עָפָ֥רdust
ʾafarH6083 →110 times
וָאֵֽפֶר׃ פand ash[es]
vaeferH665 →22 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Ezra 9:6and said: “O my God, I am ashamed and embarrassed to lift up my face to You, my God, because our iniquities are higher than our heads, and our guilt has reached the heavens.
it leads to
- Revelation 18:5
For her sins are piled up to heaven, and God has remembered her iniquities.
- Psalms 38:4
For my iniquities have overwhelmed me; they are a burden too heavy to bear.
- 2 Chronicles 28:9
But a prophet of the LORD named Oded was there, and he went out to meet the army that returned to Samaria. “Look,” he said to them, “because of His wrath against Judah, the…
- Ezra 9:15
O LORD, God of Israel, You are righteous! For we remain this day as a remnant. Here we are before You in our guilt, though because of it no one can stand before You.”
- Luke 15:21
The son declared, ‘Father, I have sinned against heaven and against you. I am no longer worthy to be called your son.’
- Revelation 18:5
Through
Job 30:19He throws me into the mud, and I have become like dust and ashes.
it leads to
- Job 9:31
then You would plunge me into the pit, and even my own clothes would despise me.
- Psalms 69:14
Rescue me from the mire and do not let me sink; deliver me from my foes and out of the deep waters.
- Genesis 18:27
Then Abraham answered, “Now that I have ventured to speak to the Lord—though I am but dust and ashes—
- Job 9:31
Where this verse is studied
About Job

This page draws on 10 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2009: “Job Among the Ashes” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Franz Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Book of Job; Gregory the Dialogist, Morals on the Book of Job, Book XXXV; John Chrysostom, COMMENTARY ON JOB 42:6; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Job.
