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Job 39:13

in Job 39

The wings of the ostrich flap joyfully, but cannot match the pinions and feathers of the stork.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

The wings of the ostrich wave proudly; But are they the pinions and plumage of love?

KJV

Gavest thou the goodly wings unto the peacocks? or wings and feathers unto the ostrich?

This verse in Job 39

Commentary

10 notes on this verse
The wing of the ostrich is like the wings of the heron, and of the hawk. 11. Who can be ignorant how much the heron and the hawk surpass all other birds in the swiftness of their flight? But an ostrich has the likeness of their wing, but not the celerity of their flight. For it cannot in truth rise from the ground, and raises its wings, in appearance as if to fly, but yet never raises itself from the earth in flying.

This site's exposition

The wings of the ostrich flap joyfully

on Job 39:13-18

Where the King James has peacocks, the Hebrew has the ostrich. “God has deprived her of wisdom”, so her want of sense is His appointment. Yet she “laughs at the horse and its rider” with a speed no wisdom could buy, so her lack and gift come from one hand.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers1 voice

A commentator

Ephrem the Syrian

COMMENTARY ON JOB 39:13 · Written before 373.

proposed

The sort of wings described here appears to signify the synagogue of those who led Christ to the cross. Indeed, who is that mother who generated many children but whose children are not hers? It can only be the one who gave birth to the …

The Medieval Church2 voices

A commentator

Gregory the Dialogist

Morals on the Book of Job, Book XXXI · Written before 604.

proposed

The wing of the ostrich is like the wings of the heron and the hawk. [MYSTICAL INTERPRETATION] 36. What is signified by the name 'ostrich,' but the synagogue, which had indeed the wings of the law, but from grovelling in its heart in things below, never raised itself from the earth? But what is expressed by the 'heron' and the 'hawk,' but the ancient fathers, who had power even in their living to soar to those truths, which they were able to perceive by understanding? The wing, therefore, of the ostrich is like the wings of the heron and the hawk; because the voice of the synagogue maintained in its words the doctrine of the early teachers, but knew it not in its living. Whence also the Truth warns the people of this same synagogue against the Scribes and Pharisees, saying; The Scribes and Pharisees sit in Moses' seat; all therefore whatsoever they have said to you, observe and do: but do not ye after their works. [Mat. 23, 2] We could say much of the habits of the heron, but since its wing only is brought to our memory, we are prevented speaking of its habits.

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Commentary on Job · Written before 1274.

proposed

After he has examined the things which distinguish wild animals from the domestic ones, he treats the properties of some animals which seem to differ from other animals. This is especially true in the ostrich, which is a species of bird very close in genus …

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

Gavest thou the goodly wings unto the peacocks?....

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

Fine feathers make proud birds. The peacock is an emblem of pride; when he struts, and shows his fine feathers, Solomon in all his glory is not arrayed like him. The ostrich too has goodly feathers, and yet is a foolish bird; for wisdom does not always go along with beauty and gaiety.
3 more voices on this verse

The Nineteenth Century3 voices

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

"Is it not like the quill and feathers of the pious bird" (the stork)? [UMBREIT]. The vibrating, quivering wing, serving for sail and oar at once, is characteristic of the ostrich in full course. Its white and black feathers in the wing and tail are like the stork's.

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

The goodly wings unto the peacocks? - I believe peacocks are not intended here; and the Hebrew word רננים renanim should be translated ostriches; and the term חסידה chasidah, which we translate ostrich, should be, as it is elsewhere translated, stork; and perhaps the word נצה notsah, rendered here feathers, should be translated hawk, or pelican. The Vulgate has, Penna struthionis similis est pennis herodii et accipitris; “the feather of the ostrich is like to that of the stork and the hawk.” The Chaldee has, “The wing of the wild cock, who crows and claps his wings, is like to the wing of the stork and the hawk.” The Septuagint, not knowing what to make of these different terms, have left them all untranslated, so as to make a sentence without sense. Mr. Good has come nearest both to the original and to the meaning, by translating thus: - “The wing of the ostrich tribe is for flapping; But of the stork and falcon for flight.” Though the wings of the ostrich, says he, cannot raise it from the ground, yet by the motion here alluded to, by a perpetual vibration, or flapping - by perpetually catching or drinking in the wind, (as the term נעלסה neelasah implies, which we render goodly), they give it a rapidity of running beyond that possessed by any other animal in the world. Adanson informs us, that when he was at the factory in Padore, he was in possession of two tame ostriches; and to try their strength, says he, “I made a full-grown negro mount the smallest, and two others the largest. This burden did not seem at all disproportioned to their strength. At first they went a pretty high trot; and, when they were heated a little, they expanded their wings, as if it were to catch the wind, and they moved with such fleetness as to seem to be off the ground. […]
Gavest thou the goodly wings unto the peacocks? - In the previous verses the appeal had been to the wild and untamable animals of the desert. In the prosecution of the argument, it was natural to allude to the feathered tribes which resided there also, and which were distinguished for their strength or fleetness of wing, as proof of the wisdom and the superintending providence of God.

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

The wing of the renanim rejoices This is the name of a huge bird, called in the language of the Mishnah, Bar Yochni (Bechoroth 57b).
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Job 39:13:1, via Sefaria, The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
1 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
For she leaves her eggs on the ground and she goes and warms herself on the dust at a distance.
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Job 39:14:1, via Sefaria, The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 3 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

7 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • כְּנַף־[the] wing of

    kenaf-H3671 →109 times

  • רְנָנִ֥יםostriches

    renanimH7443 →

  • נֶעֱלָ֑סָהit flaps joyously

    neelasahH5965 →

  • אִם־if

    ʾim-H518 →1069 times

  • אֶ֝בְרָ֗הa pinion

    ʾevrahH84 →

  • חֲסִידָ֥הa stork

    chasidahH2624 →

  • וְנֹצָֽה׃and plumage

    venotzahH5133 →

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Jeremiah 8:7

    Even the stork in the sky knows her appointed seasons. The turtledove, the swift, and the thrush keep their time of migration, but My people do not know the requirements of the LORD.

    it leads to

    • Isaiah 1:3

      The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master’s manger, but Israel does not know; My people do not understand.”

    • Jeremiah 5:4–5

      Then I said, “They are only the poor; they have played the fool, for they do not know the way of the LORD, the justice of their God.

  • Through

    Psalms 104:17

    where the birds build their nests; the stork makes her home in the cypresses.

    it leads to

    • Leviticus 11:19

      the stork, any kind of heron, the hoopoe, and the bat.

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • Psalms 104:12

      The birds of the air nest beside the springs; they sing among the branches.

  • Through

    1 Kings 10:22

    For the king had the ships of Tarshish at sea with Hiram’s fleet, and once every three years the ships of Tarshish would arrive bearing gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks.

    it leads to

    • 1 Kings 22:48

      Jehoshaphat built ships of Tarshish to go to Ophir for gold, but they never set sail, because they were wrecked at Ezion-geber.

    • Psalms 72:10

      May the kings of Tarshish and distant shores bring tribute; may the kings of Sheba and Seba offer gifts.

    • 2 Chronicles 20:36–37

      They agreed to make ships to go to Tarshish, and these were built in Ezion-geber.

    • Psalms 48:7

      With a wind from the east You wrecked the ships of Tarshish.

About Job

Job Hears of His Misfortunes, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
Job Hears of His Misfortunes, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
This page draws on 10 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ephrem the Syrian, COMMENTARY ON JOB 39:13; Franz Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Book of Job; Gregory the Dialogist, Morals on the Book of Job, Book XXXI; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Job.