Isaiah 9:3
in Isaiah 9You have enlarged the nation and increased its joy. The people rejoice before You as they rejoice at harvest time, as men rejoice in dividing the plunder.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Thou hast multiplied the nation, thou hast increased their joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.
KJV
Thou hast multiplied the nation, and not increased the joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, and as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.
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This verse in Isaiah 9
Commentary
16 notes on this verseYou have multiplied the nation, you have not magnified the joy: they shall rejoice before you, as they rejoice in the harvest, as conquerors exulting for the spoils, when they divide the spoils. LXX: You have brought down a large portion of the people in your joy, and they shall rejoice in your presence, as they are accustomed to rejoice in the harvest, and as those who divide the spoils. We put both editions in dark places so that the diligent reader may recognize how much the Vulgate translation differs from the Hebrew truth and others.
This site's exposition
You have enlarged the nation
on Isaiah 9:3-5
The King James has the nation multiplied without increase of joy. The commentators trace this to a Hebrew word read as not or to him. The Berean reads "increased its joy," the yoke broken "as in the day of Midian," when Gideon routed a great army by the Lord's power.
The record, by era
The Medieval Church2 voices
302. You have multiplied the nation. Here he sets out the process and order of salvation as to four things. First, as to the frustration of the enemy, and as to this he says, you have multiplied the nation, in the army of Sennacherib, and …
A commentator
BonaventureCollations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 3 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
Whatever is said in the Bible of the sun shedding light, or of other diffusions, or of banquets, is said of His bounty. Hence, in the Psalm: "The household shall divide the spoils." And in Isaiah: "They rejoice before You as men make merry when …
The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices
Thou hast - Thou hast made good thy promise to Abraham concerning the multiplication of his seed, by gathering in the Gentiles to the Jews. Before thee - In thy presence, and in the place of thy worship.
) " Thou, O God! hast multiplied the nation, the Jewish nation which thou hast mercy in store for; though it has been diminished by one sore judgment after another, yet now thou hast begun to multiply it again." The numbers of a nation are its strength and wealth if the numerous be industrious; and it is God that increases nations, Job xii.
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Thou hast multiplied the nation,....
9 more voices on this verse
The Nineteenth Century9 voices
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
Thou hast multiplied the nation - Thou hast rendered the nation strong, powerful, mighty. Several interpreters, as Calvin, Vitringa, and Le Clerc, suppose that the prophet here, and in the two following verses, speaks in the first instance of the prosperity near at hand, and of the rapid increase of the Israelites after the return from the Babylonian exile, in which the inhabitants of Galilee must have participated, as may be inferred from the accounts of Josephus respecting the great population of that province in his time; see Jewish Wars, i. 20,
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
proposed
multiplied . . . nation--primarily, the rapid increase of Israelites after the return from Babylon; more fully and exhaustively the rapid spread of Christianity at first. not increased the joy--By a slight change in the Hebrew, its (joy) is substituted by some for not, because "not increased the joy" seems opposite to what immediately follows, "the joy," &c.
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A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3058: “The Joy of Harvest” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
HARVEST crowns the year with God's goodness. When the harvest is abundant, there is universal joy. Everybody rejoices. The owner of the land is glad because he sees the recompense of reward. The laborers are glad for they see the fruit of their toil. Even those to whom not a single ear may belong, nevertheless sympathize in the common joy because a rich harvest is a gift to all the nation.
A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2265: “Harvest Joy” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
NOTICE that I make a correction in the version from which I am reading. The Authorized Version has it, "You have multiplied the nation, and not increased the joy." This is not consistent with the connection. The Revised Version has very properly put it, "You have multiplied the nation, You have increased their joy."
A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2265: “Harvest Joy” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
NOTICE that I make a correction in the version from which I am reading. The Authorized Version has it, "You have multiplied the nation, and not increased the joy." This is not consistent with the connection. The Revised Version has very properly put it, "You have multiplied the nation, You have increased their joy." I have not any learning to display, but I think I could show it to you, if this were the proper time, how the passage came to be read with a, "not," and I could also prove to you that, in this instance, the Revisers were right in making their alteration. Tonight, there are about 82 persons who have confessed Christ before the Church, have been baptized and who are to be received into our fellowship. We feel very grateful for this large addition to our members and, all the more so, because it is no strange thing, but month by month, all the year round, they continue to come, though not in such large numbers as at this time. God be thanked for thus blessing us! We cannot allow these occasions to pass over without joying before the Lord as men rejoice when they gather in their sheaves of corn! To bring out your joy, think of how we would feel if we did not have an increase in the Church, or very few were ever added. The good old people seem quite content to be very few. Their notion is that the way to Heaven is very narrow, as, indeed, it is, and that, therefore, they must not expect many to find their way. I remember a Church where the good old deacons used to say of the converts, "Summer them and winter them. Keep them out till we have tried them for a very long time." It came to pass, after the process of, "summering and wintering," that a great many of them never came forward at all! Though they were very excellent people, they never summoned courage enough to join such a Church.
A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3058: “The Joy of Harvest” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
HARVEST crowns the year with God's goodness. When the harvest is abundant, there is universal joy. Everybody rejoices. The owner of the land is glad because he sees the recompense of reward. The laborers are glad for they see the fruit of their toil. Even those to whom not a single ear may belong, nevertheless sympathize in the common joy because a rich harvest is a gift to all the nation. It is a joyous sight to see the last loaded wagon come creaking down the village road, to note the youngsters who shout so loudly yet know so little what they are shouting about, to mark the peasant on the top of the wagon as he waves his hat and gives vent to some gleeful exclamation—and to see them taking it all to the stack or barn. There is joy throughout the village! There is joy throughout the land when the harvest time comes! They that divide the spoil shout loudly, their joyous clamor reaches the heavens! A better joy than this, however, greets the more auspicious season when a sinner finds his Savior, when the prayers that he has sown, like handfuls of seed, come up and the good yellow ears of confidence in his Savior are brought to maturity. The joy of those who have found the Savior is greater than harvest time—they can say with the Psalmist, "You are more glorious and excellent than the mountains of prey." Burst, you barns! Overflow, you wine vats! But you cannot give such joy to your possessors as Christ, really grasped and laid hold upon, can give to a soul that feels its need of Him! The joy of harvest is far exceeded by the joy of simple faith! We, as a Church, like Christian Churches in all ages, have had times of ingathering when we have rejoiced before God as with the joy of harvest.
A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3315: “Joy in Harvest” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
[Other Sermons by Mr. Spurgeon upon harvest subjects are as follows—#2896, Volume 50—HARVEST TIME (the first of his Sermons that was ever published); #2265, Volume 39—HARVEST JOY (a Sermon upon the whole of Isaiah 9:3); #1127, Volume 19—HARVEST MEN NEEDED; #1562, Volume 26— HARVEST PAST, SUMMER ENDED AND MEN UNSAVED; #706, Volume 12—FIELDS WHITE FOR HARVEST; #880, Volume 15— THE FORMER AND THE LATTER RAIN and #3058, Volume 53—THE JOY OF HARVEST.] THE other day I was one of a glad company who kept the feast with great rejoicing, and together we shouted, "Harvest Home."
A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3315: “Joy in Harvest” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
[Other Sermons by Mr. Spurgeon upon harvest subjects are as follows—#2896, Volume 50—HARVEST TIME (the first of his Sermons that was ever published); #2265, Volume 39—HARVEST JOY (a Sermon upon the whole of Isaiah 9:3); #1127, Volume 19—HARVEST MEN NEEDED; #1562, Volume 26— HARVEST PAST, SUMMER ENDED AND MEN UNSAVED; #706, Volume 12—FIELDS WHITE FOR HARVEST; #880, Volume 15— THE FORMER AND THE LATTER RAIN and #3058, Volume 53—THE JOY OF HARVEST.] THE other day I was one of a glad company who kept the feast with great rejoicing, and together we shouted, "Harvest Home." It was a deep delight to see the rich and poor rejoicing together—and when the cheerful meal was ended, I was greatly glad to turn one of the tables into a temporary pulpit—and in the fine large barn be privileged to preach to an earnest, eager audience, the glorious Gospel of the ever-blessed God! My heart was truly merry, in harmony with the happy occasion, and I shall now try to keep in the same key and talk to you a little upon the joy in harvest. Londoners, and other city dwellers are apt to forget that it is harvest time, or to forget to render special praise to God for it. Living in these great deserts of dingy bricks we scarcely know what an ear of corn is like, except as we see it dried and white in the window of a corn-dealer's shop. Yet let us all remember that there is such a season as harvest when, by God's goodness, the fruits of the earth are gathered in for the food of man. We begin to study our theme by seeing—I. WHAT THE JOY OF HARVEST IS which is here taken as the simile of the joy of the saints before God. I am afraid that to the more selfish order of spirits, the joy of harvest is simply, or chiefly, that of personal gratification at the increase of wealth. Sometimes the farmer only rejoices because he sees the reward of his toils and is so much the richer man.
And not increased the joy “Thou hast increased their joy” - Eleven MSS. of Kennicott’s and six of De Ross’s, two ancient, read לו lo, it, according to the Masoretical correction, instead of לא lo, not. To the same purpose the Targum and Syriac. The joy in harvest - כשמחת בקציר kesimchath bakkatsir. For בקציר bakkatsir one MS. of Kennicott’s and one of De Rossi’s have קציר katsir, and another הקציר hakkatsir, “the harvest;” one of which seems to be the true, reading, as the noun preceding is in regimine.
The words behind it
13 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| הִרְבִּ֣יתָ | hirbita | you will multiply | H7235 → | 227 times |
| הַגּ֔וֹי | hagoy | the nation | H1471 → | 561 times |
| ל֖וֹ | lo | to it | ||
| הִגְדַּ֣לְתָּ | higdalta | you will magnify | H1431 → | 117 times |
| הַשִּׂמְחָ֑ה | hasimchah | the rejoicing | H8057 → | 94 times |
| שָׂמְח֤וּ | samechu | they will rejoice | H8055 → | 155 times |
| לְפָנֶ֙יךָ֙ | lefaneikha | <to> before you | H6440 → | 2123 times |
| כְּשִׂמְחַ֣ת | kesimchat | like [the] rejoicing | H8057 → | 94 times |
| בַּקָּצִ֔יר | bakatzir | at the harvest | H7105 → | 54 times |
| כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר | kaasher | just as | H834 → | 5497 times |
| יָגִ֖ילוּ | yagilu | people are glad | H1523 → | 45 times |
| בְּחַלְּקָ֥ם | bechalekam | when divide they | H2505 → | 65 times |
| שָׁלָֽל׃ | shalal | plunder | H7998 → | 73 times |
הִרְבִּ֣יתָyou will multiply
hirbitaH7235 →227 times
הַגּ֔וֹיthe nation
hagoyH1471 →561 times
ל֖וֹto it
lo
הִגְדַּ֣לְתָּyou will magnify
higdaltaH1431 →117 times
הַשִּׂמְחָ֑הthe rejoicing
hasimchahH8057 →94 times
שָׂמְח֤וּthey will rejoice
samechuH8055 →155 times
לְפָנֶ֙יךָ֙<to> before you
lefaneikhaH6440 →2123 times
כְּשִׂמְחַ֣תlike [the] rejoicing
kesimchatH8057 →94 times
בַּקָּצִ֔ירat the harvest
bakatzirH7105 →54 times
כַּאֲשֶׁ֥רjust as
kaasherH834 →5497 times
יָגִ֖ילוּpeople are glad
yagiluH1523 →45 times
בְּחַלְּקָ֥םwhen divide they
bechalekamH2505 →65 times
שָׁלָֽל׃plunder
shalalH7998 →73 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Psalms 119:162I rejoice in Your promise like one who finds great spoil.
it leads to
- Jeremiah 15:16
Your words were found, and I ate them. Your words became my joy and my heart’s delight. For I bear Your name, O LORD God of Hosts.
- Psalms 119:72
The law from Your mouth is more precious to me than thousands of pieces of gold and silver.
- Psalms 119:111
Your testimonies are my heritage forever, for they are the joy of my heart.
- Jeremiah 15:16
Through
Isaiah 35:10So the redeemed of the LORD will return and enter Zion with singing, crowned with everlasting joy. Gladness and joy will overtake them, and sorrow and sighing will flee.
it leads to
- Revelation 21:4
‘He will wipe away every tear from their eyes,’ and there will be no more death or mourning or crying or pain, for the former things have passed away.”
- Isaiah 30:19
O people in Zion who dwell in Jerusalem, you will weep no more. He will surely be gracious when you cry for help; when He hears, He will answer you.
- Isaiah 25:8
He will swallow up death forever. The Lord GOD will wipe away the tears from every face and remove the disgrace of His people from the whole earth. For the LORD has spoken.
- Isaiah 51:10–11
Was it not You who dried up the sea, the waters of the great deep, who made a road in the depths of the sea for the redeemed to cross over?
- Isaiah 65:19
I will rejoice in Jerusalem and take delight in My people. The sounds of weeping and crying will no longer be heard in her.
- Revelation 21:4
Where this verse is studied
On this page
About Isaiah

This page draws on 14 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Isaiah; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 3; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3058: “The Joy of Harvest” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2265: “Harvest Joy” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3315: “Joy in Harvest” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Isaiah; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Isaiah.
