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Daniel 12:1

in Daniel 12

“At that time Michael, the great prince who stands watch over your people, will rise up. There will be a time of distress, the likes of which will not have occurred from the beginning of nations until that time. But at that time your people—everyone whose name is found written in the book—will be delivered.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince who standeth for the children of thy people; and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation even to that same time: and at that time thy people shall be delivered, every one that shall be found written in the book.

KJV

And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince which standeth for the children of thy people: and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation even to that same time: and at that time thy people shall be delivered, every one that shall be found written in the book.

This verse in Daniel 12

Commentary

15 notes on this verse
And at that time - At the period referred to in the preceding chapter. The fair construction of the passage demands this interpretation, and if that refers to Antiochus Epiphanes, then what is here said must also; and we are to look for the direct and immediate fulfillment of this prediction in something that occurred under him, however, it may be supposed to have an ultimate reference to other and more remote events.

This site's exposition

Michael stand up

The vision of chapter eleven closes without a break into chapter twelve: at that time Michael stands up, the same great prince named at 10:13 and 10:21 as the one who stands for the children of Daniel's people. A time of trouble follows such as never was since there was a nation, and yet the outcome named in the same breath is deliverance, everyone found written in the book. The commentators read Michael here as the angelic guardian the earlier vision already introduced, called now to active defense rather than the withstanding he did against the prince of Persia.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers5 voices

A commentator

Hippolytus of Rome

Commentary on Daniel 4.51.1-6 · Written before 235.

proposed

And so it is needful to consider the coming persecution of the saints at that time and the distress, for it is necessary for us, from what has partially occurred already, to reflect on the future things, that such distress and upheaval in all the world will occur, and everywhere all the faithful will be killed and slaughtered in every city and land, and the blood of the righteous will be poured out and men will be burned alive and others shall be thrown to beasts, and infants in the womb shall be murdered, and all shall be hurled away unburied, and shall be eaten by dogs, both virgins and women shall be corrupted in openness and shall be shamefully mocked, and be captured and they shall dig up the graves of saints and destroy the remains and they shall hurl them onto a plain, and they shall become blasphemous. Then there shall be upheaval in the cities, when the saints are persecuted from there. There will be upheaval in roads and in deserts when all wish to be hidden there. There will be upheaval in the sea when all attempt to flee through water. There will be upheaval on the islands when all seek to go there. And then the earth will be barren for the saints and every city uninhabitable and the sea unnavigable and all the world a desert, when they are destroyed by famine, and faint from thirst, but others die from fear and from the great persecution. But then how will a man hide? To whom shall his own children run? How, after his belongings have been carried off, shall he preserve them, when he is not able to save his own soul? Then there will be many wailings of infants, lamentations of both fathers and mothers, loud cryings of both wives and virgins, moans of both brothers and cousins. Then will one mourn another? Brother will not mourn brother, for he also expects death. Mother will not mourn daughter, for she also suspects death. […]

A commentator

Hippolytus of Rome

Commentary on Daniel 4.52.1-4 · Written before 235.

proposed

On account of this, the Lord, foreseeing these things, says, "Pray that your flight does not happen in winter or on the Sabbath, you ought not to rest from righteousness nor engage in the matters of this life, as in winter, lest that day unknowingly fall upon you as a trap." [Matthew 24:20; Luke 21:34] "For if," he says, "those days were not curtailed, not any flesh would be saved. But on account of the elect those days will be curtailed." [Matthew 24:22] "But after the persecution of those days, the sun shall be darkened and the moon shall not give its splendor and the stars shall burn out and fall from heaven and the powers of heaven shall be shaken and then they shall see the Son of Man coming with power and great glory." [Matthew 24:29-30] For if the devil receives for a little while authority to trouble the earth, as it is written, "God has given to him the authority to test those who dwell upon the earth," [Revelation 13:2, 12] how much more rather that the Son of God, when he takes all authority of heavenly and earthly and subterranean things, shall trouble all the earth and the elements in it, arriving to avenge the saints with angelic power and patriarchal glory, when he comes to be glorified in his saints and to be marveled by all who pray to him and to repay those who persecuted us with persecution, but to repay us who were persecuted with rest.

A commentator

Theodoret of Cyrus

COMMENTARY ON DANIEL 12:1 · Written before 458.

proposed

That is, those worthy of salvation, who obeyed the preaching of Elijah, the ones whom he foreknew from the first and the very beginning. He calls the knowledge of God "the book."

A commentator

Cassiodorus

EXPOSITIONS OF THE PSALMS 117:9 · Written before 585.

proposed

The devil is also called a prince, as in the Gospel passage, "Behold, the prince of this world comes, and in me he will not find anything." Likewise a good angel is called a prince, as we read in Daniel: "Michael your prince." So they …

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

TRACTATES ON THE GOSPEL OF JOHN 45:6.3 · Written in the 5th century.

proposed

"And the sheep hear his voice, and he calls his own sheep by name." For he has their names written in the book of life. "He calls his own sheep by name." Because of this the apostle says, "The Lord knows who are his." "And he leads them out. And when he has led out his own sheep, he goes before them, and the sheep follow him because they know his voice..."
8 more voices on this verse

The Church Fathers2 voices

A commentator

Jerome

St. Jerome, Commentary on Daniel, CHAPTER TWELVE · Written before 420.

proposed

Verses 1-3. "But at that time shall Michael rise up, the great prince, who stands for the children of thy people, and a time shall come such as never occurred from the time that nations began to exist even unto that time. And at that time shall thy people be saved, even everyone who shall be found written in the book. And many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some unto life everlasting, and others unto reproach, that they may behold it always.

A commentator

Hippolytus of Rome

Commentary on Daniel 4.50.3-4 · Written before 235.

proposed

For then there will be a great persecution like which there has not been such from the foundation of the world, while others from here and there are sent against every city and land in order to kill those who believe, and the Jews cheer at their destruction, and the nations rejoice and the unfaithful celebrate with them, but the saints, coming from the west to the east and others from the east to the south are pursued, but others will hide in the mountains and in caverns, everywhere the abomination will make war against them even through the sea and through dry places. He will kill them through the command and according to every way he will oppress them from the earth and not allow them to sell some of their own possessions nor to buy from another's things, unless one should carry on his hand the name of the beast, or one should bear his mark upon his forehead. For then all the faithful will be banished from every place and will be displaced from their homes and will be expelled from their cities and will be swept away by the state and they will be punished with every punishment and will be cast out from all the world.

The Reformation2 voices

A commentator

John Calvin

1509–1564

Commentaries (1554)

But if it seems better to understand Michael as the archangel, this sense will prove suitable, for under Christ as the head, angels are the guardians of the Church. Whichever be the true meaning, God was the preserver of his Church by the hand of his only-begotten Son, and because the angels are under the government of Christ, he might entrust this duty to Michael.

A commentator

John Calvin

1509–1564

Commentaries (1554)

proposed

And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince which standeth for the children of thy people: and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation even to that same time: and at that time thy people shall be delivered, every one that shall be found written in the book.

quarantine:scripture (2026-07-29) — verbatim-scripture

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

There shall be a time of trouble, threatening to all, but ruining to all the implacable enemies of God's kingdom among men, such trouble as never was since there was a nation. To the destruction of Jerusalem, which Christ calls (perhaps with an eye to this prediction) such a great tribulation as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, Matt. xxiv.
And at that time shall Michael stand up,....

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

An archangel, not the Lord Jesus; for he is distinguished from "the Lord" in Jude 9. there shall be--rather, "it shall be." time of trouble, such as never was--partially applicable to the time of Antiochus, who was the first subverter of the Jews' religion, and persecutor of its professors, which no other world power had done.

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

And at that time Michael shall stand up - Michael the archangel, as has already been observed, was ever reputed the guardian of the Jewish people. Every one that shall be found written in the book - All that truly fear, love, and obey the Lord, On the phrase, “written in the book, the book of life,” etc., see the passages in the margin, and the notes on those passages.

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

Now at that time, Michael..will be silent He will be silent like a mute person, for he will see the Holy One, blessed be He, judging by Himself and saying, “How will I destroy a great nation like this for the sake of Israel?”
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Daniel 12:1:1, via Sefaria, The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
1 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
And many who sleep in the dust of the earth will awaken The dead will come to life.
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Daniel 12:2:1, via Sefaria, The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 2 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

29 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וּבָעֵ֣תand at the time

    uvaetH6256296 times

  • הַהִיא֩<the> that

    hahi'H19311879 times

  • יַעֲמֹ֨דhe will arise

    yaamodH5975521 times

  • מִֽיכָאֵ֜לMichael

    mikhaelH431713 times

  • הַשַּׂ֣רthe prince

    hasarH8269421 times

  • הַגָּד֗וֹל<the> great

    hagadolH1419526 times

  • הָעֹמֵד֮who stands

    haomedH5975521 times

  • עַל־over

    ʾal-H59215755 times

  • בְּנֵ֣י[the] sons of

    beneiH11214930 times

  • עַמֶּךָ֒people your

    ʾamekhaH59711873 times

  • וְהָיְתָה֙and it will be

    vehayetahH19613559 times

  • עֵ֣תa time of

    ʾetH6256296 times

  • צָרָ֔הdistress

    tzarahH6869

  • אֲשֶׁ֤רwhich

    ʾasherH8345497 times

  • לֹֽא־not

    lo'-H38085168 times

  • נִהְיְתָה֙it has happened

    nihyetahH19613559 times

  • מִֽהְי֣וֹתfrom when was

    mihyotH19613559 times

  • גּ֔וֹיa nation

    goyH1471561 times

  • עַ֖דuntil

    ʾadH57041261 times

  • הָעֵ֣תthe time

    haetH6256296 times

  • הַהִ֑יא<the> that

    hahi'H19311879 times

  • וּבָעֵ֤תand at the time

    uvaetH6256296 times

  • הַהִיא֙<the> that

    hahi'H19311879 times

  • יִמָּלֵ֣טit will escape

    yimaletH4422

  • עַמְּךָ֔people your

    ʾamekhaH59711873 times

  • כָּל־every

    kol-H36055413 times

  • הַנִּמְצָ֖א<the> [one who] is found

    hanimtza'H4672455 times

  • כָּת֥וּבwritten

    katuvH3789224 times

  • בַּסֵּֽפֶר׃in the scroll

    baseferH5612186 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Matthew 24:21

    For at that time there will be great tribulation, unmatched from the beginning of the world until now, and never to be seen again.

    it leads to

    • Joel 2:2

      a day of darkness and gloom, a day of clouds and blackness. Like the dawn overspreading the mountains a great and strong army appears, such as never was of old, nor will ever be…

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • Zechariah 14:2–3

      For I will gather all the nations for battle against Jerusalem, and the city will be captured, the houses looted, and the women ravished. Half of the city will go into exile, but the…

  • Through

    Jeremiah 30:7

    How awful that day will be! None will be like it! It is the time of Jacob’s distress, but he will be saved out of it.

    it leads to

    • Malachi 4:1

      “For behold, the day is coming, burning like a furnace, when all the arrogant and every evildoer will be stubble; the day is coming when I will set them ablaze,” says the LORD of…

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • Daniel 9:12

      You have carried out the words spoken against us and against our rulers by bringing upon us a great disaster. For under all of heaven, nothing has ever been done like what has been…

    • Zechariah 14:1–2

      Behold, a day of the LORD is coming when your plunder will be divided in your presence.

    • Matthew 24:21–22

      For at that time there will be great tribulation, unmatched from the beginning of the world until now, and never to be seen again.

    • Romans 11:26

      And so all Israel will be saved, as it is written: “The Deliverer will come from Zion; He will remove godlessness from Jacob.

  • Through

    Mark 13:19

    For those will be days of tribulation unmatched from the beginning of God’s creation until now, and never to be seen again.

    it leads to

    • Matthew 24:21

      For at that time there will be great tribulation, unmatched from the beginning of the world until now, and never to be seen again.

Where this verse is studied

About Daniel

Daniel in the Lions' Den, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
Daniel in the Lions' Den, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
This page draws on 15 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Daniel; Augustine of Hippo, TRACTATES ON THE GOSPEL OF JOHN 45:6.3; Carl Friedrich Keil, Biblical Commentary on the Book of Daniel; Cassiodorus, EXPOSITIONS OF THE PSALMS 117:9; Hippolytus of Rome, Commentary on Daniel 4.51.1-6; Hippolytus of Rome, Commentary on Daniel 4.52.1-4; Hippolytus of Rome, Commentary on Daniel 4.50.3-4; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, St. Jerome, Commentary on Daniel, CHAPTER TWELVE; John Calvin, Commentaries; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Theodoret of Cyrus, COMMENTARY ON DANIEL 12:1.