Skip to content
mannafest.faith
Read

Amos 1:9

in Amos 1

This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Tyre, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they delivered up a whole congregation of exiles to Edom and broke a covenant of brotherhood.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

Thus saith Jehovah: For three transgressions of Tyre, yea, for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they delivered up the whole people to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant.

KJV

Thus saith the Lord; For three transgressions of Tyrus, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they delivered up the whole captivity to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant:

⋯

This verse in Amos 1

Commentary

7 notes on this verse

A commentator

Jerome

Commentary on Amos · Written before 420.

(Verse 9, 10.) Thus says the Lord: Because of three crimes of Tyre, and because of four, I will not revoke my decision, because they delivered up a complete captivity to Edom, and did not remember the covenant of brotherhood, I will send fire upon the wall of Tyre, and it will consume its palaces. LXX: Thus says the Lord: Because of three acts of impiety of Tyre, and because of four, I will not turn away from it, because they delivered up the captivity of Solomon to Edom, and did not remember the covenant of brotherhood.

This site's exposition

For three transgressions of Tyrus

on Amos 1:9-10

Tyre repeats Gaza's crime, delivering up the whole captivity to Edom, but the oracle adds a clause Gaza's did not carry, and remembered not the brotherly covenant. The bench reads this as the treaty of friendship between Hiram of Tyre and David and Solomon in 1 Kings 5, a bond of kinship in trade and building that Tyre's slave dealing broke outright, which is why the sentence falls on Tyre though her actual offense matches her neighbor's. Breach of a sworn covenant is judged more heavily than the bare act, the pattern the whole chapter's escalating list will return to at Edom.

The record, by era

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

Thus saith the Lord, for three transgressions of Tyrus,....

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

(1.) The peculiar sin of Tyre is delivering up the whole captivity to Edom, that is, selling to the Edomites those of Israel that fled to them for shelter, or in any way fell into their hands; not caring what hardships they put upon them, so that they could but make gain of them to themselves.

The Nineteenth Century3 voices

The last crowning sin, for which judgment is pronounced on Tyre, is the same as that of Philistia, and probably was enacted in concert with it. In Tyre, there was this aggravation, that it was a violation of a previous treaty and friendship. It was not a covenant only, nor previous friendliness only; but a specific covenant, founded on friendship which they forgat and brake. If they retained the memory of Hiram’s contact with David and Solomon, it was a sin against light too.

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

Tyrus . . . delivered up the . . . captivity to Edom--the same charge as against the Philistines (Am 1:6). remembered not the brotherly covenant--the league of Hiram of Tyre with David and Solomon, the former supplying cedars for the building of the temple and king's house in return for oil and corn (2Sa 5:11;

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

Tyrus - See an ample description of this place, and of its desolation and final ruin, in the notes on Ezekiel 26-28 (note). The brotherly covenant - This possibly refers to the very friendly league made between Solomon and Hiram, king of Tyre, 1Ki 5:12; but some contend that the brotherly covenant refers to the consanguinity between the Jews and Edomites. The Tyrians, in exercising cruelties upon these, did it, in effect, on the Jews, with whom they were connected by the most intimate ties of kindred; the two people having descended from the two brothers, Jacob and Esau. See Calmet.

The words behind it

20 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • כֹּ֚הthus

    kohH3541 →577 times

  • אָמַ֣רhe says

    ʾamarH559 →5305 times

  • יְהוָ֔הYahweh

    yahwehH3068 →6520 times

  • עַל־on

    ʾal-H5921 →5755 times

  • שְׁלֹשָׁה֙three

    sheloshahH7969 →432 times

  • פִּשְׁעֵי־<the> transgressions of

    pishei-H6588 →93 times

  • צֹ֔רTyre

    tzorH6865 →

  • וְעַל־and on

    veal-H5921 →5755 times

  • אַרְבָּעָ֖הfour

    ʾarbaahH702 →318 times

  • לֹ֣אnot

    lo'H3808 →5168 times

  • אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּI will revoke it

    ʾashivenuH7725 →1056 times

  • עַֽל־because

    ʾal-H5921 →5755 times

  • הַסְגִּירָ֞םdelivered up they

    hasgiramH5462 →91 times

  • גָּל֤וּתexile

    galutH1546 →

  • שְׁלֵמָה֙complete

    shelemahH8003 →

  • לֶאֱד֔וֹםto Edom

    leedomH123 →99 times

  • וְלֹ֥אand not

    velo'H3808 →5168 times

  • זָכְר֖וּthey remembered

    zakheruH2142 →

  • בְּרִ֥ית[the] covenant of

    beritH1285 →

  • אַחִֽים׃brothers

    ʾachimH251 →

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

Related verses

18 in all, six open

The number beside each verse is how many compiled reference works tie it to this one. The strongest six stand open.

1 Kings 9:11–14King Solomon gave twenty towns in the land of Galilee to Hiram king of Tyre, who had supplied him with cedar and cypress logs and gold for his every desire.6 worksAmos 1:6This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Gaza, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they exiled a whole population, delivering them up to Edom.6 worksAmos 1:3This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Damascus, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they threshed Gilead with sledges of iron.6 worksIsaiah 23:1–18This is the burden against Tyre: Wail, O ships of Tarshish, for Tyre is laid waste, without house or harbor. Word has reached them from the land of Cyprus.5 worksZechariah 2:8For this is what the LORD of Hosts says: “After His Glory has sent Me against the nations that have plundered you—for whoever touches you touches the apple of His eye—5 worksZechariah 9:2–4and also against Hamath, which borders it, as well as Tyre and Sidon, though they are very shrewd.4 works
The other 12 cross-references, with their words ▾
Joel 3:4–8Now what do you have against Me, O Tyre, Sidon, and all the regions of Philistia? Are you rendering against Me a recompense? If you retaliate against Me, I will swiftly and speedily return your recompense upon your heads.4 works1 Kings 5:12And the LORD gave Solomon wisdom, as He had promised him. There was peace between Hiram and Solomon, and the two of them made a treaty.4 worksEzekiel 26:1–21In the eleventh month of the twelfth year, on the first day of the month, the word of the LORD came to me, saying,3 works2 Samuel 5:11Now Hiram king of Tyre sent envoys to David, along with cedar logs, carpenters, and stonemasons, and they built a palace for David.3 works2 Chronicles 2:8–16Send me also cedar, cypress, and algum logs from Lebanon, for I know that your servants have skill to cut timber there. And indeed, my servants will work with yours3 works1 Kings 5:1Now when Hiram king of Tyre heard that Solomon had been anointed king in his father’s place, he sent envoys to Solomon; for Hiram had always been a friend of David.3 works1 Kings 9:13“What are these towns you have given me, my brother?” asked Hiram, and he called them the Land of Cabul, as they are called to this day.3 worksAmos 2:1This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Moab, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because he burned to lime the bones of Edom’s king.3 worksProverbs 6:16There are six things that the LORD hates, seven that are detestable to Him:3 worksMatthew 11:21“Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.2 worksJeremiah 47:4For the day has come to destroy all the Philistines, to cut off from Tyre and Sidon every remaining ally. Indeed, the LORD is about to destroy the Philistines, the remnant from the coasts of Caphtor.2 worksAmos 1:11This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Edom, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because he pursued his brother with the sword and stifled all compassion; his anger raged continually, and his fury flamed incessantly.2 works

Where this verse is studied

About Amos

The Prophet Amos — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
The Prophet Amos — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
Amos: the study guide →Read Amos 1 →

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Carl Friedrich Keil, The Twelve Minor Prophets; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Amos; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.

Read on in Amos 1 →