Acts 28:19
in Acts 28But when the Jews objected, I was compelled to appeal to Caesar, even though I have no charge to bring against my nation.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
But when the Jews spake against it, I was constrained to appeal unto Cæsar; not that I had aught whereof to accuse my nation.
KJV
But when the Jews spake against it, I was constrained to appeal unto Cesar; not that I had ought to accuse my nation of.
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This verse in Acts 28
Commentary
10 notes on this verseA commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
The Jews spake against it - Against my being set at liberty. I was constrained - By a regard to my own safety and character. To appeal unto Caesar - See the notes on Act 25:11. Not that I had aught ... - I did it for my own preservation and safety, not that I wished to accuse my countrymen. Paul had been unjustly accused and injured; yet, with the true spirit of the Christian religion, he here says that he cherished no unkind feelings toward those who had done him wrong.
This site's exposition
done nothing against our people
on Acts 28:17-20
Three days later Paul called together the leaders of the Jews, the synagogue first even in chains. He said his appeal to Caesar carried no charge against his nation, and he is bound because of the hope of Israel.
This site's exposition
I was compelled to appeal to Caesar
Matthew Henry explains the appeal as self-defense, and he calls it an invidious thing to accuse a whole nation. John Chrysostom hears a forgiving tone in the whole speech and notes the warmth with which Paul speaks of his own people. The appeal itself is recorded in Acts 25:11.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers3 voices
Wherefore, he says, "I was constrained to appeal unto Caesar:" so that his whole speech is of a forgiving nature. What then? didst thou this, that thou mightest accuse them? No, he says: "Not that I had aught to accuse my nation of:" but that I might escape the danger.
He wished to exculpate both himself and others; himself, that they might not accuse him, and by so doing hurt themselves; and those others, that it might not seem that the whole thing was of their doing. For it was likely that a report was prevalent, that he had been delivered up by the Jews; and this was enough to alarm them. He therefore addresses himself to this, and defends himself as to his own conduct. "How then is it reasonable," it might be said, "that they should deliver thee up without a cause?" The Roman governors, he says, bear me witness, who wished to let me go. "How was it then that they did not let thee go?" "When the Jews spake against it," he says. Observe how he extenuates (in speaking of) their charges against him. Since if he had wished to aggravate matters, he might have used them so as to bear harder upon them. Wherefore, he says, "I was constrained to appeal unto Caesar:" so that his whole speech is of a forgiving nature. What then? didst thou this, that thou mightest accuse them? No, he says: "Not that I had aught to accuse my nation of:" but that I might escape the danger. For it is for your sakes "that I am bound with this chain." So far am I, he says, from any hostile feeling towards you.
"Who having examined me," says he, "found nothing in me." When those ought to have rescued, they "delivered him into the hands of the Romans." And such the superabundance, because those had not power to condemn but delivered him prisoner. "Not as having aught to accuse my nation of," am I come. See what friendliness of expression "my nation:" he does not hold them as aliens. He does not say, I do not accuse, but, "I have not whereof to accuse:" although he had suffered so many evils at their hands. But nothing of all this does he say, nor make his speech offensive: neither does he seem to be sparing them as matter of favor. For this was the main point, to show that they delivered him prisoner to the Romans, when those ought to have condemned him. "For this cause," he says, "I wished to see you:" that it might not be in any man's power to accuse me, and to say what naturally might suggest itself, that having escaped their hands I have come for this: not to bring evils upon others, but myself fleeing from evils. "I was compelled to appeal unto Caesar."
The Medieval Church1 voice
Since Paul knew that it was entirely inappropriate to be on trial, especially before an unbelieving man, he defends himself from both sides, namely: that he acted not against the law, but on the contrary, was himself knowingly unjustly condemned by the Jews, and that …
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
This was all he aimed at in this appeal; not to accuse his nation, but only to vindicate himself. Every man has a right to plead in his own defence, who yet ought not to find fault with his neighbours. It is an invidious thing to accuse, especially to accuse a nation, such a nation.
2 more voices on this verse
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
But when the Jews spake against it,....
The Nineteenth Century1 voice
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
We have seen that long before this a flourishing Christian Church existed at Rome, to which Paul wrote his Epistle (see on Ac 20:3), and the first members of which were probably Jewish converts and proselytes. (See Introduction to Romans.) yet was I delivered prisoner from Jerusalem into the hands of the Romans--the Roman authorities, Felix and Festus.
The words behind it
15 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ἀντιλεγόντων | antilegonton | When were objecting | G483 → | 9 times |
| δὲ | de | however | G1161 → | 2765 times |
| τῶν | ton | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| Ἰουδαίων | ioudaion | Jews | G2453 → | 192 times |
| ἠναγκάσθην | enagkasthen | I was compelled | G315 → | |
| ἐπικαλέσασθαι | epikalesasthai | to appeal to | G1941 → | 30 times |
| Καίσαρα | kaisara | Caesar | G2541 → | 29 times |
| οὐχ | ouch | not | G3756 → | 1664 times |
| ὡς | hos | as if | G5613 → | 500 times |
| τοῦ | tou | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ἔθνους | ethnous | nation | G1484 → | 161 times |
| μου | mou | of mine | G3165 → | 1936 times |
| ἔχων | echon | having | G2192 → | 707 times |
| τι | ti | anything | G5100 → | 528 times |
| κατηγορεῖν. | kategorein | to lay against. | G2723 → | 22 times |
ἀντιλεγόντωνWhen were objecting
antilegontonG483 →9 times
δὲhowever
deG1161 →2765 times
τῶνthe
tonG3588 →19766 times
ἸουδαίωνJews
ioudaionG2453 →192 times
ἠναγκάσθηνI was compelled
enagkasthenG315 →
ἐπικαλέσασθαιto appeal to
epikalesasthaiG1941 →30 times
ΚαίσαραCaesar
kaisaraG2541 →29 times
οὐχnot
ouchG3756 →1664 times
ὡςas if
hosG5613 →500 times
τοῦthe
touG3588 →19766 times
ἔθνουςnation
ethnousG1484 →161 times
μουof mine
mouG3165 →1936 times
ἔχωνhaving
echonG2192 →707 times
τιanything
tiG5100 →528 times
κατηγορεῖν.to lay against.
kategoreinG2723 →22 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Acts 25:25But I found he had done nothing worthy of death, and since he has now appealed to the Emperor, I decided to send him.
it leads to
- Acts 25:11–12
If, however, I am guilty of anything worthy of death, I do not refuse to die. But if there is no truth to their accusations against me, no one has the right to hand…
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Acts 23:29
I found that the accusation involved questions about their own law, but there was no charge worthy of death or imprisonment.
- Luke 23:4
Then Pilate said to the chief priests and the crowds, “I find no basis for a charge against this man.”
- Acts 23:9
A great clamor arose, and some scribes from the party of the Pharisees got up and contended sharply, “We find nothing wrong with this man. What if a spirit or an angel has spoken…
- Luke 23:14
and said to them, “You brought me this man as one who was inciting the people to rebellion. I have examined Him here in your presence and found Him not guilty of your charges…
- Acts 25:11–12
Through
Acts 26:32And Agrippa said to Festus, “This man could have been released if he had not appealed to Caesar.”
it leads to
- Acts 28:18
They examined me and wanted to release me, because there was no basis for a death sentence against me.
- Acts 25:25
But I found he had done nothing worthy of death, and since he has now appealed to the Emperor, I decided to send him.
- Acts 28:18
Through
Acts 25:21But when Paul appealed to be held over for the decision of the Emperor, I ordered that he be held until I could send him to Caesar.”
it leads to
- 2 Timothy 4:16
At my first defense, no one stood with me, but everyone deserted me. May it not be charged against them.
- 2 Timothy 4:16
Where this verse is studied
On this page
About Acts

This page draws on Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Calvin, Commentary upon the Acts of the Apostles; John Chrysostom, Homily on Acts 55; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Acts.
