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Summary

Chapter summary

'I am a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valleys', and he answers, as a lily among thorns, so is my love among the daughters. His banner over me was love. The first refrain to the daughters of Jerusalem: 'stir not up, nor awake my love, until it please', love refusing to be forced. Spring arrives in the Bible's loveliest weather report: 'the winter is past; the rain is over and gone; the flowers appear on the earth; the time of the singing of birds is come.' Take us the foxes, the little foxes, that spoil the vineyards. 'My beloved is mine, and I am his.'

Context

Poetry · SolomonSong of Solomon overview

  • A. 1–7 The Rose of Sharon, and His Banner Over Me Was Love
  • B. 8–17 My Beloved Leaps Upon the Mountains: Rise Up, My Fair One

The outline

  1. A.The Rose of Sharon, and His Banner Over Me Was Lovevv. 1 to 7

    Read vv. 1 to 7
  2. B.My Beloved Leaps Upon the Mountains: Rise Up, My Fair Onevv. 8 to 17

    Read vv. 8 to 17

The world behind this chapter

Song of Solomon 2
When
The reign of Solomon · c. 960 BC
Where
The Sharon plain and the hill country in early spring, just after the winter rains
Who first heard it
People who knew exactly what week of the year the poem was describing

The history

The spring passage is a calendar, not a mood. "The winter is past, the rain is over and gone" — the rains in that country run from roughly October to March and then stop entirely. "The flowers appear on the earth" — the hills go green and covered in anemones and cyclamen for a few short weeks. "The time of the singing of birds is come, and the voice of the turtle is heard in our land" — the turtledove is a migrant that arrives in spring, so its call was the recognised signal that the season had turned.

"The fig tree putteth forth her green figs, and the vines with the tender grape give a good smell." Fig trees in that region put out an early crop of small green fruit before the leaves are full, and grape blossom has a faint sweet scent that carries on warm air. Both are April sights and smells.

"Take us the foxes, the little foxes, that spoil the vines." This is a real pest problem. Foxes and jackals dig under vineyard walls, eat ripening grapes, and break down young vines; keeping them out was part of the work of a vineyard keeper, which is what she was in chapter one.

"He brought me to the banqueting house" is literally "the house of wine" — the hall where a feast was held. "Stay me with flagons, comfort me with apples" asks for raisin cakes and fruit, the food handed to someone faint at a celebration.

"O my dove, that art in the clefts of the rock" describes rock doves nesting in cliff crevices, safe and out of reach — an image of someone hidden away who is being coaxed to come out.

What it meant to them

For the first hearers this was the sound of their own spring, the season of weddings after the harvest of grain had not yet begun and the world was briefly green.

The refrain running through the book appears here for the first time: do not stir up love until it please. In a culture of arranged marriages and family negotiation, the song insists that love has its own timing and should not be forced.

Sources cited

  • John H. Walton, Victor H. Matthews, Mark W. Chavalas, The IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament
  • Roland de Vaux, Ancient Israel: Its Life and Institutions

Every work MannaFest builds on →

The text of this chapter

This page carries no textual note on Song of Solomon 2. Where this site has examined a place the manuscripts differ, the examination is in the manuscripts room. Every place this site examines →

This page draws on Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory; John Wesley, Notes on the Old Testament and Matthew Henry, Complete Commentary.