Song of Solomon 2:17
in Song of Solomon 2Before the day breaks and shadows flee, turn, my beloved, and be like a gazelle or a young stag on the mountains of Bether.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Until the day be cool, and the shadows flee away, Turn, my beloved, and be thou like a roe or a young hart Upon the mountains of Bether.
KJV
Until the day break, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be thou like a roe or a young hart upon the mountains of Bether.
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This verse in Song of Solomon 2
Commentary
23 notes on this verseFor thus he says: "I to my brother, and his desire is towards me." He repeats this meaning in a different way three times in the Song of Songs. In the beginning, he says: "My brother to me, and I to him, who grazes among the lilies, until the day breathes and the shadows flee away." Then he says: "I to my brother, and my brother to me, who grazes among the lilies." In the end, he says: "I to my brother, and his desire is towards me."
This site's exposition
My beloved is mine and I am his
on Song of Solomon 2:16-17
"My beloved is mine and I am his" is the first of three statements of belonging, turned around at 6:3 and completed at 7:10. The chapter closes with him sent away, "be like a gazelle or a young stag on the mountains of Bether," the figure of verse 9.
This site's exposition
the mountains of Bether
Adam Clarke rendered the first phrase literally as until the day breathes, the cool breeze that comes with the first dawn. The name Bether was also translated division. Clarke linked it to Bithron, a place across the Jordan named in 2 Samuel 2:29.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers4 voices
Since, then, there are in the Old Testament precepts that we who belong to the New Testament are not compelled to observe, why do not the Jews realize that they have remained stationary in useless antiquity rather than hurl charges against us who hold fast to the new promises, because we do not observe the old? Just as it is written in the Canticle of Canticles: "The day has broken, let the shadows retire," the spiritual meaning has already dawned, the natural action has already ceased. "The God of Gods, the Lord has spoken: and he has called the earth from the rising of the sun to the going down thereof."
In this verse, the Lord's resurrection is taught and foretold. Just as the apostles were afraid without him, terrorized by the treachery of the Jews, so also is the soul, which, in a certain sense, is naked and unarmed without the assistance of the Holy …
He pastures his flocks among the lilies, therefore, although he does so only until the coming day emerges and the shadows begin to move on. Since the majority of people think that the events which are passing and not stable are fixed and will remain, …
A commentator
Cyril of AlexandriaFRAGMENTS IN THE COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 2:17 · Written before 444.
proposed
With the barren synagogue abandoned, she asks the bridegroom to come to those downtrodden and humiliated and formerly idolatrous souls who will be raised with him to heavenly heights.
The Medieval Church1 voice
A commentator
Bernard of ClairvauxSermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 71 · Written before 1153.
proposed
So then the Bridegroom loves to be fed among lilies, that is, in clean and bright hearts. But for how long? "Until the day breathes and the shadows decline." This is a shadowy and dense place: let us not enter this forest of a profound …
15 more voices on this verse
The Medieval Church7 voices
A commentator
Bernard of ClairvauxSermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 72 · Written before 1153.
proposed
1. "My beloved is mine, and I am his, who feeds among the lilies: until the day breathes, and the shadows decline" (Song 2:16-17). Only the last part of this chapter remains to be treated, and I hesitate at the very entrance as to which …
A commentator
Bernard of ClairvauxSermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 73 · Written before 1153.
proposed
1. "Return; be like, my beloved, to a roe or to a young hart of the stags" (Song 2:17). What? Just now he goes, and now you call him back? What sudden thing has emerged in so short a time? Has she forgotten something? Indeed …
A commentator
Bernard of ClairvauxSermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 74 · Written before 1153.
proposed
1. "Return," she says (Song 2:17). It is clear that he whom she calls back is not present; yet that he had been present, and that not long before: inasmuch as he who is still going away seems to be called back. An untimely calling-back, …
A commentator
Robert of TombelaineCommentary on the Song of Songs, Chapter 2 · Written in the 11th century.
proposed
The day will then breathe, and the shadows will decline, when eternal life appears and the present life comes to an end. For that will be day, but here is night; because here we are dim in our vision, but there the day itself, which …
Until the day breaks, etc. That is, until the eternal light of the future age arises, and the shadows of this present life, that is, of ignorance or error, under which even we faithful now walk, who use the lamp of the word of God, …
Return, be like, my beloved, a roe or a young deer, etc. Because, he says, you have stirred and provoked me to cultivate the vineyards, that is, to instruct and multiply the faithful people, who have been ordered to drive away the cunning plots of …
A commentator
BonaventureCollations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 21 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
Such are the three hierarchies which this Sun enlightens in a threefold manner. Hence, the sun, three times as much, burneth the mountains. These are the mountains of Bether, as explained in the Canticle: My lover, like a gazelle or a young stag, upon the …
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
Until - Until the morning of that blessed day of the general resurrection, when all the shadows, not only of ignorance, and sin, and calamity, but even of outward administrations, shall cease. For although Christ had come to her, and she had gladly received him, yet he was gone again, as is here implied, and evidently appears from the following verse.
Until the day break, and the shadows flee away,.... Which may be connected with Son 2:16; either with the former part, "my beloved is mine", &c.
The Nineteenth Century6 voices
Until the day break - Literally, until the day breathe; until the first dawn, which is usually accompanied with the most refreshing breezes. The shadows flee away - Referring to the evening or setting of the sun, at which all shadows vanish. The mountains of Bether - Translated also mountains of division, supposed to mean the mountains of Beth-horon. There was a place called Bithron, 2Sa 2:29, on the other side of Jordan; and as the name signifies Partition, it might have had its name from the circumstance of its being divided or separated from Judea by the river Jordan.
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
2:25, 38); at His rising, the shadows of the law (Col 2:16, 17; Heb 10:1) were to "flee away." So we wait for the second coming, when means of grace, so precious now, shall be superseded by the Sun of righteousness (1Co 13:10, 12; The Word is our light until then (2Pe 1:19).
A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2477: “Darkness Before the Dawn” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
THE spouse sings, "Until the day breaks and the shadows flee away," so the beloved of the Lord may be in the dark. It may be night with her who has a place in the heart of the Well-Beloved. A child of God, who is a child of light, may be, for a while, in darkness. First, darkness comparatively, as compared with the light he has sometimes enjoyed, for days are not always equally bright. Some days are bright with a clear sunshine, other days may be overcast.
A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2477: “Darkness Before the Dawn” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
THE spouse sings, "Until the day breaks and the shadows flee away," so the beloved of the Lord may be in the dark. It may be night with her who has a place in the heart of the Well-Beloved. A child of God, who is a child of light, may be, for a while, in darkness. First, darkness comparatively, as compared with the light he has sometimes enjoyed, for days are not always equally bright. Some days are bright with a clear sunshine, other days may be overcast. So the child of God may one day walk with full assurance of faith, in close fellowship with the Father and with His Son, Jesus Christ, and at another time he may be questioning his interest in the Covenant of Grace and may be rather sighing than singing, rather mourning than rejoicing. The child of God may be, then, in comparative darkness. Yes, and he may be in positive darkness. It may be very black with him and he may be obliged to cry, "I see no signs of returning day." Sometimes, neither sun nor moon appears for a long season to cheer the Believer in the dark. This may arise partly through sickness of body. There are sicknesses of the body which, in a very peculiar way, touch the soul— exquisite pain may yet be attended with great brightness and joy—but there are certain other illnesses which influence us in another way. Terrible depressions come over us. We walk in darkness and see no light. I should not like to guess how heavy a true heart may sometimes become—sometimes it is necessary we are in heaviness through manifold trials. There is not only a necessity for the trials, but also for the heaviness which comes out of them. It is not always that a man can gather himself together and defy the fierce blasts and walk through fire and through water with heavenly equanimity.
A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3185: “'A Song of My Beloved'” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
[Other Sermons by Mr. Spurgeon, upon parts of the same passage, are #1190, Volume 20—A SONG AMONG THE LILIES; #2442, Volume 41—"MY BELOVED IS MINE" and #2477, Volume 42—DARKNESS BEFORE THE DAWN.] IT has been well said that if there is a happy verse in the Bible, it is this one—"My Beloved is mine, and I am His: He feeds among the lilies."
A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3185: “'A Song of My Beloved'” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
[Other Sermons by Mr. Spurgeon, upon parts of the same passage, are #1190, Volume 20—A SONG AMONG THE LILIES; #2442, Volume 41—"MY BELOVED IS MINE" and #2477, Volume 42—DARKNESS BEFORE THE DAWN.] IT has been well said that if there is a happy verse in the Bible, it is this one—"My Beloved is mine, and I am His: He feeds among the lilies." So peaceful, so full of assurance, so bursting with happiness and contentment is it, that it might well have been written by the same hand which penned the 23rd Psalm—"The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want. He makes me to lie down in green pastures: He leads me beside the still waters." The verse savors of Him who, just before He went to Gethsemane, said to His disciples, "Peace I leave with you, My peace I give unto you: not as the world gives, give I unto you...In the world you shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer; I have overcome the world." Let us ring the silver bell of this verse again, for its notes are exquisitely sweet! "My Beloved is mine, and I am His: He feeds among the lilies." Yet there is a shadow in the latter part of the text. The prospect is exceedingly fair and lovely—earth cannot show its superior—but it is not entirely a sunlit landscape! There is a cloud in the sky which casts a shadow over the scene. It does not dim it—everything is clear and stands out sharply and brightly—"My Beloved is mine, and I am His." That is clear enough, yet I say again that it is not altogether sunlight—there are shadows—"Until the day breaks and the shadows flee away." There is also a mention of the "mountains of Bether"—the mountains of division—and to have anything like division is bitterness. I see here a paschal lamb, but I see bitter herbs with it. I see the lily, but I think I see it still among the thorns.
The words behind it
16 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| עַ֤ד | ʾad | until | H5704 → | 1261 times |
| שֶׁיָּפ֙וּחַ֙ | sheiyafuach | that <it> will breathe | H6315 → | 14 times |
| הַיּ֔וֹם | haiyom | the day | H3117 → | 2304 times |
| וְנָ֖סוּ | venasu | and they will flee | H5127 → | |
| הַצְּלָלִ֑ים | hatzelalim | the shadows | H6752 → | |
| סֹב֩ | so | turn | H5437 → | 161 times |
| דְּמֵה־ | demeh- | be like | H1819 → | 30 times |
| לְךָ֨ | lekha | <for> yourself | ||
| דוֹדִ֜י | dodi | O lover my | H1730 → | 61 times |
| לִצְבִ֗י | litzvi | <to> a gazelle | H6643 → | 33 times |
| א֛וֹ | ʾo | or | H176 → | 321 times |
| לְעֹ֥פֶר | leofer | <to> [the] fawn of | H6082 → | 5 times |
| הָאַיָּלִ֖ים | haaiyalim | the deer<s> | H354 → | 11 times |
| עַל־ | ʾal- | on | H5921 → | 5755 times |
| הָ֥רֵי | harei | [the] mountains of | H2022 → | 546 times |
| בָֽתֶר׃ ס | vater | ravine[s] | H1336 → |
עַ֤דuntil
ʾadH5704 →1261 times
שֶׁיָּפ֙וּחַ֙that <it> will breathe
sheiyafuachH6315 →14 times
הַיּ֔וֹםthe day
haiyomH3117 →2304 times
וְנָ֖סוּand they will flee
venasuH5127 →
הַצְּלָלִ֑יםthe shadows
hatzelalimH6752 →
סֹב֩turn
soH5437 →161 times
דְּמֵה־be like
demeh-H1819 →30 times
לְךָ֨<for> yourself
lekha
דוֹדִ֜יO lover my
dodiH1730 →61 times
לִצְבִ֗י<to> a gazelle
litzviH6643 →33 times
א֛וֹor
ʾoH176 →321 times
לְעֹ֥פֶר<to> [the] fawn of
leoferH6082 →5 times
הָאַיָּלִ֖יםthe deer<s>
haaiyalimH354 →11 times
עַל־on
ʾal-H5921 →5755 times
הָ֥רֵי[the] mountains of
hareiH2022 →546 times
בָֽתֶר׃ סravine[s]
vaterH1336 →
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Romans 13:12The night is nearly over; the day has drawn near. So let us lay aside the deeds of darkness and put on the armor of light.
it leads to
- Ezekiel 18:31–32
Cast away from yourselves all the transgressions you have committed, and fashion for yourselves a new heart and a new spirit. Why should you die, O house of Israel?
- Ephesians 5:11
Have no fellowship with the fruitless deeds of darkness, but rather expose them.
- 2 Corinthians 6:7
in truthful speech and in the power of God; with the weapons of righteousness in the right hand and in the left;
- Colossians 3:8–17
But now you must put aside all such things as these: anger, rage, malice, slander, and filthy language from your lips.
- Ephesians 6:11–18
Put on the full armor of God, so that you can make your stand against the devil’s schemes.
- Ezekiel 18:31–32
Through
2 Peter 1:19We also have the word of the prophets as confirmed beyond doubt. And you will do well to pay attention to it, as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day…
it leads to
- Revelation 22:16
“I, Jesus, have sent My angel to give you this testimony for the churches. I am the Root and the Offspring of David, the bright Morning Star.”
- Isaiah 9:2
The people walking in darkness have seen a great light; on those living in the land of the shadow of death, a light has dawned.
- Psalms 119:105
Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path.
- Revelation 22:16
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies2
On this verse
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About Song of Solomon

This page draws on 20 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Ambrose of Milan, On Isaac and the Soul; Aponius, EXPOSITION OF SONG OF SONGS 5:4; Augustine of Hippo, IN ANSWER TO THE JEWS 6:8; Bede, Commentary on the Song of Songs; Bernard of Clairvaux, Sermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 71; Bernard of Clairvaux, Sermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 72; Bernard of Clairvaux, Sermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 73; Bernard of Clairvaux, Sermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 74; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 21; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2477: “Darkness Before the Dawn” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3185: “'A Song of My Beloved'” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Cyril of Alexandria, FRAGMENTS IN THE COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 2:17; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Nilus of Sinai, COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 64-66 and Robert of Tombelaine, Commentary on the Song of Songs, Chapter 2.
