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Song of Solomon 2:11

in Song of Solomon 2

For now the winter is past; the rain is over and gone.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

For, lo, the winter is past; The rain is over and gone;

KJV

For, lo, the winter is past, the rain is over and gone;

This verse in Song of Solomon 2

Commentary

21 notes on this verse

A commentator

Jerome

Against Jovinianus 1.30 · Written before 420.

Then the bridegroom makes answer to the bride and teaches her that the shadow of the old law has passed away and the truth of the gospel has come. "Rise up, my love, my fair one, and come away, for lo, the winter is past, the rain is over and gone." … "The voice of the turtle [dove] is heard in our land." The turtle [dove], the most chaste of birds, always dwelling in lofty places, is a type of the Savior.

This site's exposition

Rise up, my love, my fair one

on Song of Solomon 2:10-13

Rise up, my love, my fair one, and come away opens his invitation, and the reason he gives is the arrival of spring itself: the winter is past, the rain is over and gone, the flowers appear, the time of the singing of birds is come, and the voice of the turtle, the turtledove, is heard in the land, a real Judean spring named season by season. The fig tree putteth forth her green figs, and the vines with the tender grape give a good smell completes the picture from the orchard, and the invitation returns, now arise, my love, my fair one, and come away. Delitzsch counts the passage among the most naturally beautiful in the poem, the changing season standing for love's own readiness.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers5 voices

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

EXHORTATION TO MARTYRDOM 31 · Written before 253.

proposed

Each one of the blessed will first be obliged to travel the narrow and hard way in winter to show what knowledge he has acquired for guiding his life, so that afterwards there may take place what is said in the Song of Songs to the bride when she has safely passed through the winter. For she says, "My beloved answers and says to me, 'Arise and come away, my love, my fair one, my dove; for lo, the winter is past, the rain is over and gone.' " And you must keep in mind that you cannot hear "the winter is past" any other way than by entering the contest of this present winter with all your strength and might and main. And after the winter is past and the rain is over and gone, the flowers will appear that are planted in the house of the Lord and flourish in the courts of our God.

A commentator

Theodoret of Cyrus

COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 2 · Written before 458.

proposed

It makes sense, therefore, for the bridegroom to call the bride, mature in virtue as she is, "dove," that is, spiritual and filled with the Holy Spirit.…The bridegroom encourages and consoles his church in its struggle with trials, "peeps through the windows and looks in …

A commentator

Gregory of Elvira

EXPLANATION OF THE SONG OF SONGS 4:13, 15 · Written before 392.

proposed

There is thus no doubt that winter has a double meaning, either that harshness and severity belong to it, or that it is a time for sowing with the coming of the rain. When it says winter, therefore, it refers to the present world, where …

A commentator

Cyril of Alexandria

COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 95 · Written before 444.

proposed

Also in the Song of Songs we find Christ calling to the bride there described, and who represents the person of the church, in these words: "Arise, come, my neighbor, my beautiful dove. For lo! the winter is past, and the rain is gone; it has passed away. The flowers appear on the ground. The time of the pruning is come." … A certain spring-like calm was about to arise for those who believe in him.

A commentator

Ambrose of Milan

Interrogation of Job and David, Book 2, 1.4 · Written before 397.

proposed

He is a fine deer, whose mountain is the house of God, to which he runs with such speed that he surpasses the wishes and desires of his bride. Indeed, when he saw him coming from afar, he suddenly recognized that he was present beside him. Hence he says: Behold, he is here behind our wall, looking through the windows, peering through the lattice. My cousin answered and said to me: Arise, come, my nearest one, my beautiful one, my dove; for behold, winter has passed, the rain has gone, it has departed for itself, flowers have appeared on the earth. Winter is the Synagogue: the rain is the Jewish people, who could not see the sun: the apostles are the flowers. And he added: The harvest of the incision has come, the voice of the turtledove was heard in our land. That harvest is the faith of the Church: the voice of the turtledove is chastity.
14 more voices on this verse

The Church Fathers1 voice

A commentator

Ambrose of Milan

On Isaac and the Soul, 4.34-35 · Written before 397.

proposed

"Arise, come to me, my love," that is, rise from worldly pleasures, rise from earthly things, and come to me, who are still laboring and burdened, because you are anxious for the things of the world. Come above the world, come to me, for I have conquered the world. Come near to me now, beautiful with the beauty of eternal life, now a dove, that is, gentle and meek, now completely full of spiritual grace. Now winter has passed, that is, Easter has come, indulgence has come, remission of sins has come, temptation has ceased, the rain has gone, the storm has gone, and the shaking. Before the coming of Christ, there is winter, after His coming there are flowers. Hence it says: Flowers are seen on the earth. Where there were thorns before, there are now flowers. It is said that the time for cutting has come. Where there was a desert before, there is now a harvest. The voice of the turtle-dove has been heard in our land.

The Medieval Church5 voices

Furthermore, the winter time, which he signifies has passed, seems to me to designate that period when the Lord Jesus no longer walked openly among the Jews, because they had conspired against him, wishing to kill him. Whence also he said to certain ones: "My …

A commentator

Bernard of Clairvaux

Sermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 58 · Written before 1153.

proposed

What rains do you now think I mean? These which we see the turbulent clouds running through the air scattering upon the earth? It is not so. But those which men of turbulent spirit carry upward from the earth into the air, setting their mouth …

A commentator

Robert of Tombelaine

Commentary on the Song of Songs, Chapter 2 · Written in the 11th century.

proposed

What is to be understood by winter, if not the austerity of the law? Which, while it held the ancient people in carnal sacrifices, did not help its observers to seek spiritual and heavenly things. We can also understand by winter the present life, which, …

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on the Song of Songs · Written before 735.

proposed

For now the winter is past, etc. This is what the Apostle says: The night is far gone, the day is at hand. Let us then cast off the works of darkness and put on the armor of light (Rom. XIII). For as the darkness …

A commentator

Bernard of Clairvaux

Sermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 58 · Written before 1153.

proposed

For us, brothers, it is always the time of pruning, just as it is always the work to be done. For I trust that for us the winter has now passed. You know what winter I mean? That fear which is not in charity, which …

The Puritans and the Awakening4 voices

For, lo, the winter is past, the rain is over and gone. A season of the year which keeps persons within doors, makes going abroad unsafe, unpleasant, and uncomfortable; very unfit for travelling, roads bad, rivers impassable, and journeying very difficult; but now this season being over, and the spring come, the weather fair, and every thing gay and pleasant, it is inviting to be abroad; winter is by some writers (r) used not for the season of the year, but for a storm or tempest.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

Even the rain that drowned the world was over and gone at last ( Gen. viii. 1-3 ), and God promised to drown the world no more, which was a type and figure of the covenant of grace, Isa. liv.

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

proposed

The winter - Spiritual troubles arising from a deep sense of the guilt of sin, the wrath of God, the curse of the law; all which made them afraid to come unto God. But, saith Christ, I have removed these impediments, God is reconciled; therefore cast off all discouragements, and excuses, and come to me.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

Whatever she is to others, to him she is acceptable, and in his eyes she is amiable. Those that take Christ for their beloved, he will own as his; never was any love lost that was bestowed upon Christ. Christ, by expressing his love to believers, invites and encourages them to follow him.

The Nineteenth Century4 voices

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

The winter is past - Mr. Harmer has made some good collections on this part, from Drs. Shaw and Russet, which I shall transcrilbe. One part of the winter is distinguished from the rest of it by the people of the East, on account of the severity of the cold. At Aleppo it lasts about forty days, and is called by the natives maurbanie. I would propose it to the consideration of the learned, whether the word here used, and translated winter, may not be understood to mean what the Aleppines express by the term maurbanie.

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

the winter--the law of the covenant of works (Mt 4:16). rain is over-- (Heb 12:18-24; Then first the Gentile Church is called "beloved, which was not beloved" (Ro 9:25). So "the winter" of estrangement and sin is "past" to the believer (Isa 44:22;

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — starts-lowercase+unbalanced-parens

THE things which are seen are types of the things which are not seen. The works of creation are pictures to the children of God of the secret mysteries of Divine Grace. God's Truths are the apples of gold and the visible creatures are the baskets of silver. The very seasons of the year find their parallel in the little world of man within.
THE things which are seen are types of the things which are not seen. The works of creation are pictures to the children of God of the secret mysteries of Divine Grace. God's Truths are the apples of gold and the visible creatures are the baskets of silver. The very seasons of the year find their parallel in the little world of man within. We have our winter— dreary howling winter—when the north wind of the Law rushes forth against us, when every hope is nipped, when all the seeds of joy lie buried beneath the dark clods of despair, when our soul is fast fettered like a river bound with ice, without waves ofjoy, or flowings of thanksgiving. Thanks be unto God, the soft south wind breathes upon our soul and at once the waters of desire are set free, the spring of love comes on, flowers of hope appear in our hearts, the trees of faith put forth their young shoots, the tone of the singing of birds comes in our hearts, and we have joy and peace in believing through the Lord Jesus Christ. That happy springtide is followed in the Believer by a rich summer, when his Graces, like fragrant flowers, are in full bloom, loading the air with perfume. And fruits of the Spirit like citrons and pomegranates swell into their full proportion in the genial warmth of the Sun of Righteousness. Then comes the Believer's autumn, when his fruits grow ripe and his fields are ready for the harvest. The time has come when his Lord shall gather together his "pleasant fruits," and store them in Heaven. The feast of ingathering is at hand—the time when the year shall begin anew, an unchanging year, like the years of the right hand of the Most High in Heaven. Now, Beloved, each particular season has its duty. The husbandman finds that there is a time to plow, a time to sow, a time to reap. There is a season for vintage and a period for the pruning of the vine.

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

On the verses either side of this one

Spoke. עָנָה is] an expression of answering and an expression of a loud cry, The following is the precedent for them all, “And the Levi’im are to respond [..in a loud voice].” 19 Devarim:14.
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Song of Songs 2:10:1, via Sefaria, The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
2 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
The blossoms have appeared on the land. The days of summer are near, when the trees blossom and the travelers enjoy seeing them.
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Song of Songs 2:12:1, via Sefaria, The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
And at morning time my Beloved answered and said to me, “Arise, O Assembly of Israel, my beloved from of old, beautiful in deeds.
Targum · Aramaic Targum to Song of Songs 2:10, via Sefaria, English Translation by Jay Treat

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 3 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

8 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • כִּֽי־for

    ki-H35884482 times

  • הִנֵּ֥הthere!

    hinehH2009843 times

  • הַסְּתָ֖יוthe winter

    hasetavH5638

  • עָבָ֑רit has passed

    ʾavarH5674556 times

  • הַגֶּ֕שֶׁםthe rain

    hageshemH1653

  • חָלַ֖ףit has passed away

    chalafH2498

  • הָלַ֥ךְit has gone

    halakhH19801546 times

  • לֽוֹ׃<for> itself

    lo

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Ephesians 5:8

    For you were once darkness, but now you are light in the Lord. Walk as children of light,

    it leads to

    • John 8:12

      Once again, Jesus spoke to the people and said, “I am the light of the world. Whoever follows Me will never walk in the darkness, but will have the light of life.”

    • 1 John 1:7

      But if we walk in the light as He is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus His Son cleanses us from all sin.

    • John 12:46

      I have come into the world as a light, so that no one who believes in Me should remain in darkness.

    • Acts 26:18

      to open their eyes, so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and an inheritance among those sanctified…

  • Through

    Ecclesiastes 3:11

    He has made everything beautiful in its time. He has also set eternity in the hearts of men, yet they cannot fathom the work that God has done from beginning to end.

    it leads to

    • Romans 1:19–20

      For what may be known about God is plain to them, because God has made it plain to them.

    • Romans 11:33

      O, the depth of the riches of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are His judgments, and untraceable His ways!

    • Job 11:7

      Can you fathom the deep things of God or discover the limits of the Almighty?

    • Ecclesiastes 8:17

      I saw every work of God, and that a man is unable to comprehend the work that is done under the sun. Despite his efforts to search it out, he cannot find its meaning;…

Where this verse is studied

On this page

About Song of Solomon

The Meeting of Isaac and Rebekah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
The Meeting of Isaac and Rebekah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
This page draws on 17 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Ambrose of Milan, Interrogation of Job and David, Book 2, 1.4; Ambrose of Milan, On Isaac and the Soul, 4.34-35; Bede, Commentary on the Song of Songs; Bernard of Clairvaux, Sermons on the Song of Songs, Sermon 58; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 436: “A Sermon For Spring” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Cyril of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 95; Franz Delitzsch, Commentary on the Song of Songs and Ecclesiastes; Gregory of Elvira, EXPLANATION OF THE SONG OF SONGS 4:13, 15; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Against Jovinianus 1.30; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, EXHORTATION TO MARTYRDOM 31; Robert of Tombelaine, Commentary on the Song of Songs, Chapter 2 and Theodoret of Cyrus, COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 2.